The Tungir (russian: Тунгир) is a river in

Transbaikalia Transbaikal, Trans-Baikal, Transbaikalia ( rus, Забайка́лье, r=Zabaykalye, p=zəbɐjˈkalʲjɪ), or Dauria (, ''Dauriya'') is a mountainous region to the east of or "beyond" (trans-) Lake Baikal in Far Eastern Russia. The steppe and ...

, East Siberia,

Russian Federation Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia North Asia or Northern Asia, also referred to as Siberia, is the northern region of Asia, which is defined in geographic ...

. It is the third largest tributary of the

Olyokma , image = Olyokma river.jpg , image_size = , image_caption = View of the river , pushpin_map = Russia Sakha Republic , pushpin_map_size = , pushpin_map_caption= Location in the Sakha Republic, R ...

in terms of length and area of its basin. The river is long and has a drainage basin of . The Tungir is known as the Shiroky Brook (ручей Широкий) in its uppermost stretch. Almost all of its basin is in the Olyokma-Stanovik Highlands area. The river is a destination for

rafting Rafting and whitewater rafting are recreational outdoor activities which use an inflatable raft to navigate a river or other body of water. This is often done on whitewater or different degrees of rough water. Dealing with risk is often a ...

and tourism. There are two settlements by the river, Tupik and

Gulya Gulya (russian: Гуля) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, rural locality (a settlement) in the inter-settlement area of Tungiro-Olyokminsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. The population was 26 as of 2021, mainly Evenks and Russia ...

.Тунгир
/ ''

Great Soviet Encyclopedia The ''Great Soviet Encyclopedia'' (GSE; ) is one of the largest Russian-language encyclopedias, published in the Soviet Union from 1926 to 1990. After 2002, the encyclopedia's data was partially included into the later ''Bolshaya rossiyskaya e ...

:'' in 30 vols. / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov. - 3rd ed. - M. Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.Тунгир - Water of Russia
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History

Yerofey Khabarov Yerofey Pavlovich Khabarov or Svyatitsky (russian: Ерофе́й Па́влович Хаба́ров (Святи́тский), ; the first name is often spelled Ярофей (Yarofey) in contemporary accounts; 1603 – after 1671), was a Russia ...

used this river's route to travel with his Cossacks from the Lena to the

Amur The Amur (russian: река́ Аму́р, ), or Heilong Jiang (, "Black Dragon River", ), is the world's tenth longest river, forming the border between the Russian Far East and Northeastern China ( Inner Manchuria). The Amur proper is long ...

during his mid-17th century expeditions. In the spring of 1649 Khabarov set off at his own expense up the Olyokma, then up the Tungir and

portage Portage or portaging (Canada: ; ) is the practice of carrying water craft or cargo over land, either around an obstacle in a river, or between two bodies of water. A path where items are regularly carried between bodies of water is also called a ...

d to the Shilka, reaching the upper Amur ( Dauria) in early 1650. Khabarov founded the village of

Srednyaya Olyokma This is a list of rural localities in Vologda Oblast. Vologda Oblast ( rus, Вологодская область, p=vəlɐˈɡotskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ, r=Vologodskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian F ...

, located at the confluence of the Olyokma and the Tungir.

Course

The Tungir is a right tributary of the Olyokma, of the

Lena Lena or LENA may refer to: Places * Léna Department, a department of Houet Province in Burkina Faso * Lena, Manitoba, an unincorporated community located in Killarney-Turtle Mountain municipality in Manitoba, Canada * Lena, Norway, a village in ...

basin. Its source is in

Zabaykalsky Krai Zabaykalsky Krai ( rus, Забайкальский край, r=Zabaikal'skii krai, p=zəbɐjˈkalʲskʲɪj kraj, lit. " Transbaikal krai"; bua, Yбэр Байгалай хизаар, Uber Baigalai Xizaar) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai ...

, in the northeastern slopes of the Tungir Range of the Olyokma-Stanovik Highlands. It flows roughly northeastwards with the Tungir Range on the northwestern side and the Gula Range on the southeastern. In the area of the confluence with the Cheryomnaya it forms the famous

rapid Rapids are sections of a river where the river bed has a relatively steep gradient, causing an increase in water velocity and turbulence. Rapids are hydrological features between a ''run'' (a smoothly flowing part of a stream) and a ''cascade ...

s of the ''Magyarskiy Perekat''. Google Earth Further downstream, after the confluence with the Bugarikhta, the river flows into a narrow valley in a NNW direction and its speed increases, then after

it slows down along a wide

intermontane basin Intermontane is a physiographic adjective formed from the prefix " inter-" (''signifying among, between, amid, during, within, mutual, reciprocal'') and the adjective "montane" (inhabiting, or growing in mountainous regions, especially cool, moi ...

. Finally it meets the right bank of the Olyokma from its mouth in the Lena, near the village of

. Its main tributaries are the long Tungirikan, the long Nenyuga, the long Cheremnaya (Черемная) and the long Bugarikhta from the right, and the long Upper Korsuga from the left. The river freezes towards the end of October and stays under ice until late April or early May. Some years the river may cause catastrophic summer floods caused by rain.

References

Rivers of Amur Oblast Rivers of Zabaykalsky Krai Tungiro-Olyokminsky District {{Russia-river-stub

History

Course

See also

References