The Tsukahara can refer to a specific vault and a family of vaults in

artistic gymnastics Artistic gymnastics is a discipline of gymnastics in which athletes perform short routines on different types of apparatus. The sport is governed by the Federation Internationale de Gymnastique, Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG), ...

. The first Tsukahara vault was performed by (and named after) Mitsuo Tsukahara in 1972. A Tsukahara vault consists of a half turn off the springboard onto the vault table, then a push backwards, usually into a back salto or

layout In general terms, a layout is a structured arrangement of items within certain limits, or a plan for such arrangement. Specifically, layout may refer to: * Page layout, the arrangement of visual elements on a page ** Comprehensive layout (comp), ...

. In Japanese, this technique is known as a "Moonsault".''Sports Zenshū 3: Kikai Undō'', coauthored by

Masao Takemoto was a Japanese artistic gymnast who won two world titles and seven Olympic medals. At the 1952 Summer Olympics he won the silver medal in the vault with a score of 19.150, which was 0.050 short of the gold medal. Two years later he became worl ...

and Kazuo Abe, published in

1975 It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe. Events January * January 1 – Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...

by Poplar Publishing.

Variations

Any vault that has a handspring with 1/4 - 1/2 turn onto the vault table into a salto backwards is classified as a Tsukahara vault. Some variations on the Tsukahara vaults include: * Kim - Tsukahara tucked or stretched with full twist (360°) off * Zamolodchikova - Tsukahara stretched with a 2/1 turn (720°) off * Phelps - a half turn onto the vault table, followed by a half turn off and into a front layout.

References

{{reflist Vaults (gymnastics)