Truc Y Flou

Truc y Flou is a card game originally from Aragon in Spain, which is nowadays played in the French Pyrenees in the Aure and Louron valleys in Hautes-Pyrénées and the Oueil valley near Luchonnais.''La confrérie du Truc Y Flou en Vallée d’Aure''
at www.cadeilhan-trachere.com. Retrieved 15 May 2020. It is part of the Put family and may be compared to the games of Aluette, Brisca and Mus. A significant and enjoyable part of the game is the communication and bluffing that is allowed between partners.

Names

The name of the game is variously spelt Truc et Fleur, Truc y Flor or Truquiflor, as well as Truc y Flou.Parlett (2008), pp. 129–130.

History

Playing cards were probably introduced to France via the routes through the Pyrenees as well as through ports on the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. In 1825, Catalan-pattern cards appeared, being manufactured by Dessouris and bore a strange resemblance to Truc cards. Catalan Truc resisted competition from other games such as Belote, Rummy, Bridge, Tarot and Poker. Truc y Flou itself originated in Spain where it had been practised since at least the early 19th century.''Jeux de Cartes''
at cadeilhan-trachere.com. Retrieved 17 May 2020.

Distribution

The game, which uses Spanish-suited cards, is played in the Central Pyrenees in the département of Hautes-Pyrénées up to the slopes of the Haute-Garonne. In Haute-Pyrénées, it is played only in the valley of the Aure and in the valley of the Oueil near Luchonnais. The same cards are used in the Upper Aragon in Spain to play Guignoté and the Basques play Mus with them. Truc y Flou tournaments have been held in recent years in places such as Saint-Lary-Soulan,''Saint-Lary-Soulan. Truc y Flou : un Jeu de Cartes Pour Préserver les Traditions''
at ladepeche.fr. Retrieved 1 February 2023. Vielle-Aure, Bourisp, Guchan, Ens and Cadeilhan-Trachère.''Truc y Flou Calendrier 2014/2015.''
at scoop.it. Retrieved 1 February 2023.

According to David Parlett, Truc y Flor or Truquiflor is also played in South America alongside less elaborate varieties of Truc. It is known as the 'jolly singing game' because part of its very elaborate betting procedure traditionally involves announcing a ''flor'' by spontaneously singing a rhyming song the player makes up on the spot.

Players

It is played by six players, divided into two teams of three. Each team has a captain (''meneur de jeu'') who sits in the middle, collects information from team mates and directs the tactics. The player who is last to play for the team is known as the 'foot' (''pied''). The foot may change depending on who wins the trick and leads next.''Apprendre à Jouer au Truc y Flou''
at cadeilhan-trachere.com. Rules by Raymond Pouy (2002/2003). Retrieved 31 January 2023.

Equipment

Cards

The game uses a pack of Spanish-suited cards of the Spanish National or Old Catalan pattern. A simpler relative which is the French Catalan version of Truc and also played in French Catalonia uses packs of the French Catalan pattern, now only made by Ducale and which are descended from the old Spanish National type and probably emerged in the late 18th century.''French Catalan Pattern''
at wopc.co.uk. Retrieved 31 January 2023. These may also be used for the game of Truc y Flou.
The packs contain 48 cards from which the Eights and Nines are removed for this game, leaving 40 cards, divided into 4 suits: Swords (''Epée'' or ''Aspade''); Clubs (''Bâton'' or ''Bastou''); Coins (''Soleil'' or ''Aurous''); and Cups (''Coupe'' or ''Copas'').

Card ranking and values

Cards rank from the highest to lowest as shown in the table below. During the game, players use conventional signals to communicate information to their team mates about the highest cards. There are no signals for the lower cards, since they are of little value. The signals used are shown in the last column.

In declarations, pip cards are worth their face value in card points and court cards are worth nothing. The Jack (''Sota'') of Coins and the Knight (''Cavall'') of Clubs act as wild cards and are called the ''périques''. So they are usually turned into 7s because, in declarations, this is the value of the highest cards in terms of card points.

Counters

There are 25 points in the game, which are tallied using counters, typically dried Tarbais beans and marker a called an ''espintou'', which is worth 13 points to mark the half-way stage and facilitate counting. The ''espintou'' used to be any suitable object such as a matchstick, a ball of paper or a cork, but nowadays a coloured jeton, such as those used for the game of Belote, is typical.

Rules

Aim

To be the first team to reach 25 points through declarations, trick-taking and the associated vying and bluffing.

Preliminaries

A player from each of the two teams draws a card from the pack. The team of the player who draws the lowest takes charge and decides whether they will deal first or may designate an opponent to deal first.

Deal

Deal and play are to the right (anticlockwise). The dealer shuffles the pack, offers it to youngest hand to cut and then deals three cards each beginning with eldest. The cards may be dealt individually or in packets of two, followed by a single card, or vice versa. They may even be dealt in packets of three, although this is sometimes frowned upon as it used to be disallowed. Having dealt, the dealer placed the pack to the right so that it is clear who dealt and who begins.

Each player now identifies the stronger cards (potential trick winners) held and communicates this discreetly to the team captain, who decides the strategy to follow. The captain will then make a discreet announcement using signals e.g. ''an embit'' (''embide'' = "you may go").

Declarations

As players play to the first trick they have one opportunity to make a declaration. These are of two kinds: ''embit'' and ''flor''. A player wishing to bid says ''j'embide'' ("I bid") for an ''embit'' or just "''flor''" for a ''flor''. A player with no bid remains silent. If a ''flor'' is bid, ''embits'' no longer count.

''Embit''

An ''embit'' is a pair of cards of the same suit held by a single player. Its value is the sum of the point values of the two cards plus a further 20 points. Thus a player holding a four and six scores 4 + 6 + 20 = 30 points. The maximum possible score is 34 points which is only possible if a player holds one of the two ''périques'' which are wild and may therefore represent a second 7. Thus a 7 and a périque score 7 + 7 + 20 = 34 points. In the event of a tie, whereby two opposing players score the same points, positional priority applies, i.e. the one nearest the dealer's right wins.

A player does not actually have to hold an ''embit'' to bid if, through signalling or instructions by the captain, the player knows a teammate has one. It is a common tactic for the ''pied'' to bid for the team.

To bid an ''embit'' a player says "''j'embide''". If this is not challenged, the bidding team score 1 point for it. However any subsequent member of the opposing team, in turn, may challenge it in one of two ways by saying:
* "Sing it" (''cantar'' or ''chanter'') in which case both teams declare their points and the higher scoring ''embit'' wins 2 points for its team.
* "Another one" (''u aouté''), "two more points" (''dus de mes''), "ten more points" (''detz de mes'') or "all the rest" (''restou''). "All the rest" means the remaining points the bidding team need to win the round. In response to any of these bids, the first team may fold and concede 2 points or accept the raise by saying "sing it" (''cantar''). If they accept, the card points are declared and the highest ''embit'' wins. The winners score 1 point for the initial ''embit'' plus the amount of the bid i.e. 1, 2 10 or the 'rest' respectively. ''Example:'' Team A has 18 and Team B 22. A bids "''j'embide''" and B, which only needs 3 to reach 25 and win the round, says "all the rest". If B wins, they score 3 and win the round. If A wins, they score 3 + 1 = 4 and advance to 22.

A confident player may open the bidding with "I'm bidding for all the rest" (''mi falta embidou'' or ''mi falta'') in which case the opposition can only fold and concede a point or say "sing it" and the highest ''embit'' wins. As before, if the bidding side win, they win the round; if their opponents win, they score 1 point plus the bidding team's shortfall.

An ''embit'' is nullified if anyone declares a ''flor''.

''Flor''

A ''flor'' (French: ''fleur'' = "flower") is a flush of three cards of the same suit held by one player. So a player who has a 7-6-K scores 7 + 6 + 0 + 20 = 33. The maximum score is 41 points which is only possible if a player holds two ''périques'' and a 7 (7 + 7 + 7 + 20 = 41). In the event of a tie, positional priority again applies.

A ''flor'' is worth 3 game points. If two or three players on the same team declare a ''flor'', it is worth 6 or 9 points respectively. If two opposing players have a ''flor'', the first to speak says "''flor''" and the second may say "another ''flor''" (''flor tambien'') on playing their first cards. Instead of declaring their point total, they then say "''demi flor''" on playing the subsequent cards and the scores are counted at the end. The higher total wins 3 game points.

An opponent may also challenge a ''flor'' by saying "better ''flor''" (''alimidou con flor''); this of course could be a bluff. If the first player stays silent, the second player wins 3 points for the team regardless of whether the ''flor'' was, in fact, better. Alternatively the first player may challenge by saying "sing your better one" (''alimidou cantar'') and they compare ''flors''. If the second team stays silent, the first scores 5 points. The first player could also raise further by saying "best ''flor''" (''alibarestou con flor''). If the second player folds they concede 5 points; or they accept by repeating "best ''flor''" whereupon the winners win the entire round with 25 points.

Play

From the information signalled by teammates, captains direct the play of their teams e.g. tilting the head from one side to the other means "let this trick go to the opponents".

Each player has 3 cards; hence up to three tricks can be played. A trick is won by the highest card played, but in the event of a tie, the trick is spoiled (''pardes'') and does not count. If each team takes one trick and the third is tied, the deal is won by the team that took the earlier trick. Winning the trick play is worth 1 game point. But this may be raised by vying. For example, if a team is confident of winning they may call "Truc!" (''je truque''). Their opponents may accepte with "yes", in which case the game is worth 2 points, or fold with "no" and concede 1 point to the bidding team. Alternatively they can raise it to 3 points with "Retruc!" (''arrétruque''). Further bids of "playing for 4" (''balou quatro''), "playing for six" (''balou seiz'') may be made alternately. The highest bid is "playing for the round" (''balou Partido''). At any stage a bid may be rejected ("no"), in which the last bidder wins and scores the existing level of points. A bid may be accepted ("yes") without any further escalation in which case the deal is played at the new level. Or the bid may be raised further (except in response to "playing for the round"), in which case the other team has the same 3 options.

A team with a high cards and a good ''embit'' make even announce "Truc and the rest" (''restou y troucou''). This means they are betting all the remaining points they need for the round with their ''embit'' as well as bidding a ''Truc''. Their opponents must now fold, conceding 1 point to the bidders or call for the bidders to "sing" their ''embit''. Whoever has the higher ''embit'' then wins the round.

During play, the two top cards earn bonus points when they are played to a trick: 2 points for "the Sword" and 1 for "the Club".

Winning

The first team to 25 game points wins the round (''manche''). Teams usually play for the best of 3 rounds. If the first two rounds are tied, the third is a decider called the ''Belle''.

Footnotes

References

Literature

_ (1813)
''Conversacio entre Sento, Tito y Quelo de Payporta.''
Valencia: Francisco Brusola.
* Parlett, David (2008), ''The Penguin Book of Card Games'', London: Penguin,

External links

Rules
by Raymond Pouy.

Video
of players playing Truc y Flou.

{{Trick-taking card games
French card games
Spanish deck card games
Plain-trick games
Six-player card games
Occitania
Card games involving signalling
19th-century card games