''Tropidophora'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
land snail
A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have gastropod shell, shel ...
s with an
operculum,
terrestrial
Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth, as opposed to extraterrestrial.
Terrestrial may also refer to:
* Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on o ...
gastropod
Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...
mollusk
Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...
s in the family
Pomatiidae
The family Pomatiidae is a taxonomic family of small operculate land snails, terrestrial gastropod mollusks that can be found over the warmer parts of the Old World. In the older literature, this family is designated as Pomatiasidae.
This fam ...
.
[Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as an "oceanic" island". '']ZooKeys
''ZooKeys'' is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering zoological taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography. It was established in 2008 and the founding editor-in-chief was Terry Erwin (Smithsonian Institution
The Smithsonian ...
'' 70: 1-39. .[MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Tropidophora Troschel, 1847. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=995130 on 2020-09-30]
Distribution
These large, split-sole snails are found in
Tanzania
Tanzania, officially the United Republic of Tanzania, is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It is bordered by Uganda to the northwest; Kenya to the northeast; the Indian Ocean to the east; Mozambique and Malawi to t ...
,
Madagascar
Madagascar, officially the Republic of Madagascar, is an island country that includes the island of Madagascar and numerous smaller peripheral islands. Lying off the southeastern coast of Africa, it is the world's List of islands by area, f ...
, the
Mascarenes
The Mascarene Islands (, ) or Mascarenes or Mascarenhas Archipelago is a group of islands in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar consisting of islands belonging to the Republic of Mauritius as well as the French department of Réunion. Their na ...
, the
Comoros
The Comoros, officially the Union of the Comoros, is an archipelagic country made up of three islands in Southeastern Africa, located at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel in the Indian Ocean. Its capital and largest city is Moroni, ...
and
South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. Its Provinces of South Africa, nine provinces are bounded to the south by of coastline that stretches along the Atlantic O ...
.
95-99% of ''Tropidophora'' species are
endemic
Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also foun ...
to Madagascar.
Species
The present classification of this genus into three subgenera, 95 species and 142 varieties is complex and confused. This classification is best ignored temporarily, as it is based on subtle morphological varieties among small samples. It is also assumed that many smaller species remain to be discovered.
The following species are recognised in the genus ''Tropidophora'':
*''
Tropidophora aequatoria
''Tropidophora'' is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiidae.Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as a ...
''
*''
Tropidophora alluaudi''
*''
Tropidophora alternans''
*''
Tropidophora ambilobeensis''
*''
Tropidophora anceps
''Tropidophora'' is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiidae.Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as a ...
''
*''
Tropidophora andrakarakarensis
''Tropidophora'' is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiidae.Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as a ...
''
*''
Tropidophora andrapangana
''Tropidophora'' is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiidae.Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as a ...
''
*''
Tropidophora articulata
''Tropidophora articulata'' is a species of land snail with a gill and an operculum. It is a terrestrial gastropod mollusk in the family Pomatiidae.
This species is endemic to Rodrigues Island, Mauritius
Mauritius, officially the Repub ...
''
*''
Tropidophora aspera
''Tropidophora'' is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiidae.Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as a ...
''
*''
Tropidophora balteata
''Tropidophora'' is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiidae.Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as a ...
''
*''
Tropidophora bathiei
''Tropidophora'' is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiidae.Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as a ...
''
*''
Tropidophora bemaraensis
''Tropidophora'' is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiidae.Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as a ...
''
*''
Tropidophora besalampiensis
''Tropidophora'' is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiidae.Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as a ...
''
*''
Tropidophora betsileoensis
''Tropidophora'' is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiidae.Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as a ...
''
*''
Tropidophora bicarinata''
*''
Tropidophora boucheti''
*''
Tropidophora calcarea''
*''
Tropidophora carinata''
*''
Tropidophora carnicolor''
*''
Tropidophora castanea''
*''
Tropidophora cavernarum''
*''
Tropidophora cecionii
''Tropidophora'' is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiidae.Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as a ...
''
*''
Tropidophora chavani''
*''
Tropidophora chromium''
*''
Tropidophora cincinna''
*''
Tropidophora comburens''
*''
Tropidophora concinna''
*''
Tropidophora consocia''
*''
Tropidophora coquandiana''
*''
Tropidophora crenulata''
*''
Tropidophora creplini''
*''
Tropidophora cuvieriana''
*''
Tropidophora deburghiae''
*''
Tropidophora deliciosa''
*''
Tropidophora delmaresi''
*''
Tropidophora denisi''
*''
Tropidophora denselirata''
*''
Tropidophora deshayesiana''
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Tropidophora desmazuresi''
*''
Tropidophora diegoensis''
*''
Tropidophora dingeoni''
*''
Tropidophora erlangeri''
*''
Tropidophora eugeniae''
*''
Tropidophora eustola''
*''
Tropidophora felicis''
*''
Tropidophora feringalavaensis''
*''
Tropidophora filopura''
*''
Tropidophora filostriata''
*''
Tropidophora fimbriata''
*''
Tropidophora fivanonensis''
*''
Tropidophora formosa''
*''
Tropidophora foveolata''
*''
Tropidophora franzhuberi''
*''
Tropidophora freyi''
*''
Tropidophora fulvescens''
*''
Tropidophora fuscula''
*''
Tropidophora gallorum''
*''
Tropidophora gardineri''
*''
Tropidophora goudotiana
''Tropidophora'' is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiidae.Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as a ...
''
*''
Tropidophora grisea''
*''
Tropidophora hartvigiana''
*''
Tropidophora hildebrandti''
*''
Tropidophora humberti''
*''
Tropidophora humbloti''
*''
Tropidophora humbug
''Tropidophora'' is a genus of land snails with an operculum (gastropod), operculum, terrestrial animal, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiidae.Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island ...
''
*''
Tropidophora icterica''
*''
Tropidophora insularis''
*''
Tropidophora interrupta''
*''
Tropidophora ivongoensis''
*''
Tropidophora johnsoni''
*''
Tropidophora lamarckii''
*''
Tropidophora letourneuxi''
*''
Tropidophora lienardi''
*''
Tropidophora ligata''
*''
Tropidophora ligatula''
*''
Tropidophora lincolni''
*''
Tropidophora lineata''
*''
Tropidophora lirata''
*''
Tropidophora liratoides''
*''
Tropidophora luti''
*''
Tropidophora maignei''
*''
Tropidophora marojeziana''
*''
Tropidophora mauritiana''
*''
Tropidophora michaudi''
*''
Tropidophora microchasma''
*''
Tropidophora milloti''
*''
Tropidophora miocenica''
*''
Tropidophora moniliata''
*''
Tropidophora morondavensis''
*''
Tropidophora moulinsii''
*''
Tropidophora nyasana''
*''
Tropidophora occlusa''
*''
Tropidophora ochracea''
*''
Tropidophora oppessulata''
*''
Tropidophora perfecta''
*''
Tropidophora perinetensis
''Tropidophora'' is a genus of land snails with an operculum (gastropod), operculum, terrestrial animal, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiidae.Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island ...
''
*''
Tropidophora petiti''
*''
Tropidophora philippiana''
*''
Tropidophora plurilirata''
*''
Tropidophora polyzonata''
*''
Tropidophora principalis''
*''
Tropidophora propeconsocia''
*''
Tropidophora propevitellina''
*''
Tropidophora puerilis''
*''
Tropidophora pulchella''
*''
Tropidophora pulchra''
*''
Tropidophora pyrostoma''
*''
Tropidophora reesi''
*''
Tropidophora reticulata''
*''
Tropidophora salvati''
*''
Tropidophora sarcodes''
*''
Tropidophora sarodranensis''
*''
Tropidophora scabra''
*''
Tropidophora secunda''
*''
Tropidophora semidecussata''
*''
Tropidophora semilirata''
*
†
A dagger, obelisk, or obelus is a typographical mark that usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. The symbol is also used to indicate death (of people) or extinction (of species or languages). It is one of the mo ...
''
Tropidophora semilineata''
P.M.A. Morelet, 1881
*''
Tropidophora sericea
''Tropidophora'' is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiidae.Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as an ...
''
*''
Tropidophora sikorae''
*''
Tropidophora soulaiana''
*''
Tropidophora sowerbyi''
*''
Tropidophora surda''
*''
Tropidophora tenuis''
*''
Tropidophora theobaldi''
*''
Tropidophora thesauri
''Tropidophora'' is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiidae.Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as a ...
''
*''
Tropidophora tomlini''
*''
Tropidophora transvaalensis''
*''
Tropidophora tricarinata''
*''
Tropidophora tulearensis''
*''
Tropidophora unicarinata''
*''
Tropidophora vallorzi
''Tropidophora'' is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiidae.Rowson B., Warren B. H. & Ngereza C. F. (2010). "Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as a ...
''
*''
Tropidophora veridis''
*''
Tropidophora vesconis''
*''
Tropidophora vexillum''
*''
Tropidophora vignali''
*''
Tropidophora vincentflorensi''
*''
Tropidophora virgata''
*''
Tropidophora virgo''
*''
Tropidophora vitellina''
*''
Tropidophora vittata''
*''
Tropidophora vuillemini''
*''
Tropidophora winckworthi''
*''
Tropidophora xanthocheila''
*''
Tropidophora zanguebarica''
*''
Tropidophora zonata''
Synonyms
* ''Tropidophora anaglypta''
(Morelet, 1886): synonym of ''
Otopoma anaglyptum''
Morelet, 1886
* ''Tropidophora boivini''
(L. Pfeiffer, 1857): synonym of ''Tropidophora tricarinata var. boivini''
(L. Pfeiffer, 1856): synonym of ''Tropidophora tricarinata''
(O. F. Müller, 1774)(unaccepted rank)
* ''Tropidophora cambieri''
(Bourguignat, 1889): synonym of ''Tropidophora letourneuxi''
(Bourguignat, 1887) (junior synonym)
* ''Tropidophora hanningtoni''
(G. B. Sowerby III, 1890): synonym of ''Tropidophora calcarea''
(G. B. Sowerby I, 1843) (junior synonym)
* ''Tropidophora huberi''
(Thach, 2018): synonym of ''
Leptopoma huberi''
(Thach, 2018) (original combination)
* ''Tropidophora madagascariensis''
(J. E. Gray, 1833) : synonym of ''Tropidophora tricarinata var. madagascariensis''
(J. E. Gray, 1833): synonym of ''Tropidophora tricarinata''
((O. F. Müller, 1774))
* † ''Tropidophora miocenicum''
(Verdcourt, 1963): synonym of † ''Tropidophora miocenica''
(Verdcourt, 1963) (incorrect gender agreement of specific epithet)
* † ''Tropidophora praecursor''
(Neubert & Van Damme, 2012): synonym of † ''
Omanitopsis praecursor''
(Neubert & Van Damme, 2012)
* ''Tropidophora semilirata''
Fischer-Piette, F. Blanc & Salvat, 1969: synonym of ''Tropidophora liratoides''
Fischer-Piette, C. P. Blanc, F. Blanc & F. Salvat, 1993 ( junior homonym, junior secondary homonym)
* ''Tropidophora socotrana''
Godwin-Austen, 1881: synonym of ''
Cinnabarica socotrana''
(Godwin-Austen, 1881) (original combination)
* ''Tropidophora stumpfi''
O. Boettger, 1889: synonym of ''Tropidophora fuscula''
(L. Pfeiffer, 1853)
References
* Fischer-Piette, E. & Bedoucha, J. (1965). Mollusques terrestres operculés de Madagascar. Mémoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Nouvelle Série, Série A, Zoologie, 33: 50-91. Paris
External links
Zipcodezoo.com: ''Tropidophora''Troschel F.H. (1847). Ueber die Gattungen der Cyclostomiden. Zeitschrift für Malakozoologie. 4(3): 42-45Möllendorff, O. F. von. (1898). Land and freshwater Mollusca from India. Nachrichtsblatt der deutschen malakozoologischen Gesellschaft. 30: 97-104, 129-160Martens, E. von. (1880). Mollusken. Pp. 179-353, pl. 19-22 In K. Möbius, F. Richters & E. von Martens, Beiträge zur Meeresfauna der Insel Mauritius und der Seychellen. Berlin: Gutmann
{{Taxonbar, from1=Q7846225, from2=Q3741306
Pomatiidae
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot