Tropical Storm Kompasu (2021)
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Severe Tropical Storm Kompasu, known in the
Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...
as Severe Tropical Storm Maring was a very large and deadly
tropical cyclone A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system with a low-pressure area, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and squalls. Depending on its locat ...
that affected the Philippines,
Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lies between the East China Sea, East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocea ...
, and
southeast China The points of the compass are a set of horizontal, radially arrayed compass directions (or azimuths) used in navigation and cartography. A ''compass rose'' is primarily composed of four cardinal directions—north, east, south, and west—each ...
in early October 2021. Part of the
2021 Pacific typhoon season The 2021 Pacific typhoon season was the second consecutive season to have below average tropical cyclone activity, with twenty-two tropical cyclone naming, named storms, and was the least active since 2011 Pacific typhoon season, 2011. Nine beca ...
, Kompasu originated from an
area of low pressure In meteorology, a low-pressure area (LPA), low area or low is a region where the atmospheric pressure is lower than that of surrounding locations. It is the opposite of a high-pressure area. Low-pressure areas are commonly associated with inclem ...
east of the Philippines on 6 October 2021. The
Japan Meteorological Agency The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA; ''気象庁, Kishō-chō'') is a division of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism dedicated to the Scientific, scientific observation and research of natural phenomena. Headquartered ...
(JMA) classified it as a tropical depression that day. A day later, the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) classified it as a tropical depression, naming it ''Maring''. The cyclone was initially heavily disorganised, competing with another vortex, Tropical Depression Nando. Eventually, Maring became dominant, and the JMA reclassified it as a tropical storm, naming it ''Kompasu''. Kompasu made landfall in
Cagayan Cagayan ( ), officially the Province of Cagayan (; ; ; isnag language, Isnag: ''Provinsia nga Cagayan''; ivatan language, Ivatan: ''Provinsiya nu Cagayan''; ; ), is a Provinces of the Philippines, province in the Philippines located in the Cag ...
, Philippines, on 11 October 2021, and two days later, the storm made landfall in
Hainan Hainan is an island provinces of China, province and the southernmost province of China. It consists of the eponymous Hainan Island and various smaller islands in the South China Sea under the province's administration. The name literally mean ...
, China. The cyclone dissipated on 14 October 2021 while located over
Vietnam Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and depende ...
. The storm impacted many areas previously affected by Tropical Storm Lionrock a few days prior. Kompasu killed 46 people and 21 others were missing, majority of them were in the Philippines. The country also reported a damage of
The Philippine peso sign (₱) is the currency symbol used for the Philippine peso, the official currency of the Philippines. The symbol resembles a Latin script, Latin letter P with two horizontal strokes. It differs from the currency symbol u ...
8.3 billion (US$163 million). Total damage caused by the storm was
US$ The United States dollar (Currency symbol, symbol: Dollar sign, $; ISO 4217, currency code: USD) is the official currency of the United States and International use of the U.S. dollar, several other countries. The Coinage Act of 1792 introdu ...
545 million.


Meteorological history

At 18:00 
UTC Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is the primary time standard globally used to regulate clocks and time. It establishes a reference for the current time, forming the basis for civil time and time zones. UTC facilitates international communica ...
(Coordinated Universal Time) on 6 October 2021, the JMA noted that an
area of low pressure In meteorology, a low-pressure area (LPA), low area or low is a region where the atmospheric pressure is lower than that of surrounding locations. It is the opposite of a high-pressure area. Low-pressure areas are commonly associated with inclem ...
embedded within a large
monsoon A monsoon () is traditionally a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation but is now used to describe seasonal changes in Atmosphere of Earth, atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with annu ...
al circulation had formed to the north of
Palau Palau, officially the Republic of Palau, is an island country in the Micronesia subregion of Oceania in the western Pacific Ocean. The Republic of Palau consists of approximately 340 islands and is the western part of the Caroline Islands ...
. The system developed into a tropical depression at 00:00 UTC of the next day. At 09:00 UTC (17:00 PHT) on 7 October, PAGASA issued its first bulletin for the depression, and assigned it the name ''Maring''. The JMA also noted the persistence of another, nearby tropical depression to its Northeast, later named ''
Nando Nando may refer to: People * Nando (name), a male given name or nickname (short for Fernando, Ferdinando, etc.) * Fernando da Piedade Dias dos Santos (born 1950), known as Nandó, Angolan politician and former Prime Minister of Angola * Nando (f ...
''. As it is embedded in the same monsoonal depression and due to its proximity, Nando began to merge with Maring, and therefore formed a very broad and large circulation at a diameter of 1900 km, beating Lekima of 2007 by 200 km. This prompted the JMA to upgrade the overall system to a tropical storm, and was named ''Kompasu''. However at that time, the JTWC still considered the system as two separate disturbances and issued separate TCFAs later in the day for both depressions, albeit noting the possibility of merging. The JTWC later considered the entire system as merged with their first warning for Kompasu.Alt URL
/ref> At midnight of 11 October, the JMA upgraded it to a severe tropical storm, as it attained good cloud characteristics. At 12:10 UTC (20:10 PHT) on 11 October, Kompasu made landfall on
Fuga Island Fuga Island is an island and barangay located north of Luzon and is part of the Babuyan Islands, which is the second-northernmost island group of the Philippines. Barangay Fuga Island is one of the 42 barangays under the jurisdiction of the mun ...
,
Cagayan Cagayan ( ), officially the Province of Cagayan (; ; ; isnag language, Isnag: ''Provinsia nga Cagayan''; ivatan language, Ivatan: ''Provinsiya nu Cagayan''; ; ), is a Provinces of the Philippines, province in the Philippines located in the Cag ...
, as a severe tropical storm. At 05:00 PHT of 13 October (21:00 UTC of 12 October), the PAGASA issued its final bulletin as its exited the PAR and continued towards Hainan. Between 03:00 and 09:00 UTC of 13 October, Kompasu had made landfall over the east coast of Hainan. By 18:00 UTC, the JMA downgraded it to a tropical storm, as it crossed the entire island and entered the Gulf of Tonkin, as its convection had rapidly weakened because of the rough terrain of the island. At 09:00 UTC of the next day, the JTWC issued its final warning followed by downgrading to a tropical depression, as its convection had diminished and the low-level circulation center had been weakened significantly because of the increasing vertical wind shear and dry air, despite not making landfall over northern Vietnam. The JMA issued its final warning after downgrading it to a tropical depression at 18:00 UTC.


Preparations and impact


Philippines

Around 2,000 people were evacuated as a precaution. On 12 October, the governments of
Baguio Baguio ( , , ), officially the City of Baguio (; ; ), is a Cities of the Philippines#Legal classification, highly urbanized city in the Cordillera Administrative Region, Philippines. It is known as the "Summer Capital of the Philippines", ...
,
Ilocos Sur Ilocos Sur (), officially the Province of Ilocos Sur (; ), is a Provinces of the Philippines, province in the Philippines located in the Ilocos Region in Luzon. Located on the mouth of the Mestizo River is the capital of Vigan, while Candon is ...
, and
Pangasinan Pangasinan, officially the Province of Pangasinan (, ; ; ), is a coastal Provinces of the Philippines, province in the Philippines located in the Ilocos Region of Luzon. Its capital is Lingayen, Pangasinan, Lingayen while San Carlos, Pangasi ...
cancelled school and suspended work in government offices. According to the
National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), formerly known as the National Disaster Coordinating Council (NDCC) until August 2011, is a working group of various government, non-government, civil sector and private sect ...
(NDRRMC), the storm affected 1,203,448 people in the regions of
Ilocos The Ilocos Region (; ; ), designated as Region I, is an administrative region of the Philippines. Located in the northwestern section of Luzon, it is bordered by the Cordillera Administrative Region to the east, the Cagayan Valley to the northe ...
,
Cagayan Valley Cagayan Valley (; ), designated as Region II, is an Regions of the Philippines, administrative region in the Philippines. Located in the northeastern section of Luzon, it is composed of five Provinces of the Philippines, Philippine provinces: ...
,
Central Luzon Central Luzon (; ; ; ; ), designated as Region III, is an administrative region in the Philippines. The region comprises seven provinces: Aurora, Bataan, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga (with its capital, San Fernando City serving as the re ...
,
Calabarzon Calabarzon (officially stylized in all caps; ; ), sometimes referred to as Southern Tagalog () and designated as Region IVA, is an administrative region in the Philippines. It is situated southeast of Metro Manila and is bordered by Manila Bay ...
,
Mimaropa Mimaropa (officially stylized in all caps), officially the Southwestern Tagalog Region (), is an administrative region in the Philippines. The name is an acronym combination of its constituent provinces: Mindoro (divided into Occidental Mindo ...
,
Caraga Caraga, officially the Caraga Administrative Region (or simply known as Caraga region) and designated as Region XIII, is an Regions of the Philippines, administrative region in the Philippines occupying the northeastern section of Mindanao. Th ...
,
Western Visayas Western Visayas (; ; ) is an Regions of the Philippines, administrative region in the Philippines, numerically designated as Region VI. The region comprises the islands of Panay and Guimaras Island, Guimaras. It consists of five Provinces of the ...
, and the
CAR A car, or an automobile, is a motor vehicle with wheels. Most definitions of cars state that they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four wheels, and mainly transport people rather than cargo. There are around one billio ...
. The
Department of Public Works and Highways The Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH; ) is the executive department of the Philippine government responsible for serving as the country's engineering and construction arm. It is tasked with implementing the government's policy to ...
reported that 15 national roads and highways nationwide were impassable due to flooding attributed to Maring (Kompasu) and Tropical Depression Nando. The NDRRMC reported that a total of 42 people died, 16 people were still missing, and five people were injured. Of the dead, nine people died in landslides in
Benguet Benguet (), officially the Province of Benguet ('';'' ; ; ; ), is a landlocked Provinces of the Philippines, province of the Philippines located in the southern tip of the Cordillera Administrative Region in the island of Luzon. Its capital cit ...
and five died in flash floods in
Palawan Palawan (, ), officially the Province of Palawan (; ), is an archipelagic province of the Philippines that is located in the region of Mimaropa. It is the largest province in the country in terms of total area of . The capital and largest c ...
. In
La Trinidad, Benguet La Trinidad (), officially the Municipality of La Trinidad (; ), is a municipality of the Philippines, municipality and capital of the Philippine Province, province of Benguet, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of ...
, three children died after a mudslide buried their home. In
Cagayan Cagayan ( ), officially the Province of Cagayan (; ; ; isnag language, Isnag: ''Provinsia nga Cagayan''; ivatan language, Ivatan: ''Provinsiya nu Cagayan''; ; ), is a Provinces of the Philippines, province in the Philippines located in the Cag ...
, power outages were reported. Around 200 people were evacuated. Two people died after getting washed away by floodwaters, and ten people were rescued from flooded homes. The Office of the Vice-president dispatched two squads to help those who were affected by the storm in the provinces of
La Union La Union (), officially the Province of La Union (; ; ; ; ; ), is a coastal province in the Philippines situated in the Ilocos Region on the island of Luzon. The province's capital, the San Fernando, La Union, City of San Fernando, is the most ...
, Cagayan,
Isabela Isabela may refer to: People with the given name * Isabela Boscov, Brazilian film critic * Isabela Corona (1913–1993), Mexican actress * Isabela Garcia (born 1967), Brazilian actress * Isabela Moraes (born 1980), Brazilian synchronized swimmer ...
, and Benguet. According to the NDRRMC, damage was calculated at (US$163 million). The government of the Philippines distributed (US$352,000) worth of recovery items to people affected by the storm.


Hong Kong

The
Hong Kong Observatory The Hong Kong Observatory is a weather forecast agency of the government of Hong Kong. The Observatory forecasts the weather and issues warnings on weather-related hazards. It also monitors and makes assessments on radiation levels in Hong ...
(HKO) issued the No. 8 Gale or Storm Signal during the approach of Kompasu, and kept it in force for over 23 hours. This was the longest No. 8 Signal ever recorded, beating the record of Tropical Storm Lionrock three days prior. Gale-force winds of over were generally recorded over the coastal areas, with gusts exceeding in some areas. The government opened 24 shelters, to which 255 people fled during the storm. There were 72 reports of fallen trees, and 10 reports of flooding. One person died, and 21 people were injured. Local economists estimated the cost of Kompasu to be
HK$ The Hong Kong dollar (, sign: HK$; code: HKD) is the official currency of Hong Kong. It is divided into 100 cents. Historically, it was also divided into 1000 mils. The Hong Kong Monetary Authority is the monetary authority of Hong Kong an ...
2–3 billion (US$257–386 million).


Macau

As Kompasu approached, the
Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau The Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau (SMG, ; ) is a department of the Macao Government. It provides weather forecasts and issues warnings on weather-related hazards. It also provides geophysical-related services to meet the needs of the pub ...
hoisted the No. 8 Gale or storm force wind on 12 October and lasted for 19 hours. A man suffered minor injury during the storm, but overall effects were minimal.


China

On 13 October 2021, heavy rains affected
Zhejiang ) , translit_lang1_type2 = , translit_lang1_info2 = ( Hangzhounese) ( Ningbonese) (Wenzhounese) , image_skyline = 玉甑峰全貌 - panoramio.jpg , image_caption = View of the Yandang Mountains , image_map = Zhejiang i ...
,
Fujian Fujian is a provinces of China, province in East China, southeastern China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its capital is Fuzhou and its largest prefe ...
,
Guangdong ) means "wide" or "vast", and has been associated with the region since the creation of Guang Prefecture in AD 226. The name "''Guang''" ultimately came from Guangxin ( zh, labels=no, first=t, t= , s=广信), an outpost established in Han dynasty ...
, and
Hainan Hainan is an island provinces of China, province and the southernmost province of China. It consists of the eponymous Hainan Island and various smaller islands in the South China Sea under the province's administration. The name literally mean ...
provinces. In Guangdong, a total of 30 cities and counties suspended classes, the highest since
Typhoon Mangkhut Typhoon Mangkhut, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Ompong, was a powerful and catastrophic tropical cyclone that caused extensive damage in Guam, the Philippines, and South China in mid-September 2018. It was the strongest typhoon to strike ...
in 2018. Heavy rain lashed
Shenzhen Shenzhen is a prefecture-level city in the province of Guangdong, China. A Special economic zones of China, special economic zone, it is located on the east bank of the Pearl River (China), Pearl River estuary on the central coast of Guangdong ...
, where construction sites and tourist attractions were shut down. The Yantian Port, one of the world's busiest ports, was closed, causing a maritime traffic jam. The direct economic loss reached ¥750 million (US$117 million).


Hainan

Authorities in Hainan closed three ports, and all schools were closed in
Haikou Haikou; Chinese postal romanization, formerly romanized as Hoihow is the capital city, capital and most populous city of the Chinese province of Hainan. Haikou city is situated on the northern coast of Hainan, by the mouth of the Nandu River. ...
. Trees were brought down in Hainan, with firefighters clearing debris from roads. The storm was the strongest to hit the island in five years.


Vietnam

Despite weakened significantly before striking Vietnam, Kompasu still brought heavy rains to the Central region and caused flooding. The storm left three dead and five missing. 76 landslides were reported, majority of them were occurred in Nghệ An province and Quảng Nam province. of rice and of crops and ornamental plants were swept away. In Bố Trạch district, houses were flooded by waters with a depth of . Damage across the country was amounted to 176 billion (US$7.72 million).


Elsewhere

The
Central Weather Bureau The Central Weather Administration (CWA; ) is the government meteorological research and forecasting institution of Taiwan (the Republic of China). In addition to meteorology, the Central Weather Administration also makes astronomical observation ...
issued advisories for heavy rain for northern and eastern parts of Taiwan. Heavy rain was reported in numerous areas, including the
Taipei–Keelung metropolitan area The Taipei–Keelung metropolitan area () also commonly known as Greater Taipei Area () is the largest metropolitan area in Taiwan. It is composed of 3 administrative divisions: Taipei, New Taipei City and Keelung. The region encompasses an ar ...
. The
Thai Meteorological Department The Thai Meteorological Department ( Abrv: TMD; Thai: กรมอุตุนิยมวิทยา, RTGS: ''Krom Utuniyom Witthaya'') is the Thai governmental agency responsible for weather forecasting and monitoring. It is an agency of t ...
had issued heavy rain forecasts for the country's upper
Isan Northeast Thailand or Isan (Isan language, Isan/, ; ; also written as Isaan, Isarn, Issarn, Issan, Esan, or Esarn; from Pāli ''isāna'' or Sanskrit ईशान्य ''īśānya'' "northeast") consists of 20 provinces in northeastern Thai ...
region, but the rains eased off as the storm rapidly lost strength following its landfall in Vietnam.


Retirement

After the season, PAGASA announced that the name ''Maring'' would be removed from its list of typhoon names after it caused ₱1 billion in damages and will no longer be used in the future. On 21 March 2022, the PAGASA chose the name ''Mirasol'', which is derived from a
sunflower The common sunflower (''Helianthus annuus'') is a species of large annual forb of the daisy family Asteraceae. The common sunflower is harvested for its edible oily seeds, which are often eaten as a snack food. They are also used in the pr ...
, as its replacement for the 2025 season. In early 2023, the Typhoon Committee announced that the name ''Kompasu'', along with two others will be removed from the naming lists. In the spring of 2024, the name was replaced with ''Tokei'', which means
clock A clock or chronometer is a device that measures and displays time. The clock is one of the oldest Invention, human inventions, meeting the need to measure intervals of time shorter than the natural units such as the day, the lunar month, a ...
( Horologium) for future seasons.


See also

*
Weather of 2021 The following is a list of weather events that occurred in 2021. The year began with La Niña conditions. There were several natural disasters around the world from various types of weather, including blizzards, cold waves, droughts, heat wave ...
*
Tropical cyclones in 2021 During 2021, tropical cyclones formed in seven major bodies of water, commonly known as tropical cyclone basins. Tropical cyclones will be assigned names by various weather agencies if they attain maximum sustained winds of . During the year, 136 ...
*
Typhoon Damrey (2005) Typhoon Damrey, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Labuyo, was a typhoon that hit Vietnam and China in late September 2005. The typhoon was the most powerful storm to affect Hainan in over 30 years, killing more than 113 people. Meteorological ...
– a tropical cyclone that took a similar path in late September 2005. *
Typhoon Hagupit (2008) Typhoon Hagupit, (, ) known in the Philippines as Typhoon Nina, was a powerful tropical cyclone that caused widespread destruction along its path in mid September 2008. The 21st depression, 14 tropical storm and 10th typhoon of the 2008 Pacific ...
– a strong typhoon made landfall near Hainan as a Category-4 typhoon, also had a similar track in September 2008. *
Typhoon Nuri (2008) Typhoon Nuri, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Karen, was the 12th named storm and the seventh typhoon that was recognised by the Japan Meteorological Agency. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center recognised it as the 13th tropical depression, the 12 ...
– a category-3 typhoon that have a similar strength and path in August 2008. * Tropical Storm Nock-ten (2011) – A storm with a similar track. *
Typhoon Rammasun Typhoon Rammasun, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Glenda, was one of the only four Category 5 Tropical cyclone scales#Western Pacific, super typhoons on record in the South China Sea, with the other ones being Typhoon Pamela (1954), Pamela i ...
(2014) – a category-5 typhoon that caused widespread destruction over Hainan. *
Typhoon Kalmaegi (2014) Typhoon Kalmaegi, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Luis, was the 22nd depression and the 15th named storm of the 2014 typhoon season. Kalmaegi was the first storm to make landfall over the Philippines since Typhoon Rammasun, two months prior ...
– another large tropical cyclone that also took a similar track in September 2014. * Tropical Storm Son-Tinh (2018) – took a similar track and affected the Philippines, South China and Vietnam in July 2018. *
Tropical Storm Nangka (2020) Tropical Storm Nangka, also known in the Philippines as Tropical Depression Nika, was a weak tropical cyclone which would be the wettest tropical cyclone in the Western Pacific on record, producing 127.8 in (3,245 mm) of rainfall in Hướng Hó ...
– made landfall in Hainan and Vietnam a year prior with similar intensity. *
Typhoon Doksuri Typhoon Doksuri, known in the Philippines as Super Typhoon Egay, was a powerful and highly destructive tropical cyclone which became the costliest typhoon to hit China, the costliest tropical cyclone outside of the Atlantic hurricane, North Atl ...
(2023) – a powerful typhoon that also struck
Fuga Island Fuga Island is an island and barangay located north of Luzon and is part of the Babuyan Islands, which is the second-northernmost island group of the Philippines. Barangay Fuga Island is one of the 42 barangays under the jurisdiction of the mun ...
two years later. *
Tropical Storm Trami (2024) Severe Tropical Storm Trami (transliterated from Vietnamese Trà Mi), known in the Philippines as Severe Tropical Storm Kristine, was a large and catastrophic tropical cyclone that wreaked havoc across the Philippines and later impacted Vietnam, ...
- a similar-tracking storm with a similar intensity which impacted the same areas three years later.


References


External links


JMA General Information
of Severe Tropical Storm Kompasu (2118) from Digital Typhoon
JMA Best Track Data
of Severe Tropical Storm Kompasu (2118)
JMA Best Track Data (Graphics)
of Severe Tropical Storm Lionrock (2117)
JTWC Best Track Data
of Tropical Storm 25W (Kompasu)
25W.KOMPASU
from the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory {{DEFAULTSORT:Kompasu 2021 disasters in the Philippines 2021 Pacific typhoon season October 2021 in Asia October 2021 in the Philippines Kompasu Typhoons in the Philippines Kompasu Retired Pacific typhoons Retired Philippine typhoon names