''Trionyx'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
softshell turtle
Trionychidae is a family of turtles, commonly known as softshell turtles or simply softshells. The family was described by Leopold Fitzinger in 1826. Softshells include some of the world's largest freshwater turtles, though many can adapt to li ...
s belonging to the family
Trionychidae
Trionychidae is a family of turtles, commonly known as softshell turtles or simply softshells. The family was described by Leopold Fitzinger in 1826. Softshells include some of the world's largest freshwater turtles, though many can adapt to li ...
. In the past many species in the family were classified in this genus, but today ''
T. triunguis'', the African or Nile softshell turtle, is the only
extant
Extant or Least-concern species, least concern is the opposite of the word extinct. It may refer to:
* Extant hereditary titles
* Extant literature, surviving literature, such as ''Beowulf'', the oldest extant manuscript written in English
* Exta ...
softshell still classified as ''Trionyx''. The other species still assigned to this genus are only known from fossils. ''T. triunguis'' is a relatively large, aquatic
piscivore
A piscivore () is a carnivorous animal that primarily eats fish. Fish were the diet of early tetrapod evolution (via water-bound amphibians during the Devonian period); insectivory came next; then in time, the more terrestrially adapted repti ...
.
Species
The list of species follows a 2017 review of the Trionychidae by Georgios L. Georgalis and Walter G. Joyce.
* ''
Trionyx triunguis''
( Forsskål, 1775) –
African or Nile softshell turtle
* † ''
Trionyx pliocenicus''
Fucini, 1912 – Pliocene of Tuscany (Italy)
* † ''
Trionyx vindobonensis''
(Peters, 1855) – Miocene of Vienna (Austria)
The following species are considered valid trionychid taxa, but with uncertain phylogenetic relationships. They are only referred to ''Trionyx'' provisionally due to its historic status as a
wastebasket taxon
Wastebasket taxon (also called a wastebin taxon, dustbin taxon or catch-all taxon) is a term used by some taxonomists to refer to a taxon that has the purpose of classifying organisms that do not fit anywhere else. They are typically defined by e ...
.
The species from North America follow a 2015 review by Natasha S. Vitek and Walter G. Joyce
and the species from Europe and Asia follow the 2017 review by Georgalis and Joyce.
* † "''Trionyx''" ''admirabilis''
(Hay, 1905) – Paleocene of New Mexico (United States)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''aequa''
(Hay, 1908) – Eocene of Wyoming (United States)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''allani''
(Gilmore, 1923) – Late Cretaceous of Alberta (Canada)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''austerus''
(Hay, 1908) – Late Cretaceous of New Mexico (United States)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''baynshirensis''
Danilov et al., 2014 – Middle Cretaceous of Dornogovi Aimag (Mongolia)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''beecheri''
(Hay, 1904) – Late Cretaceous of Wyoming (United States)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''boulengeri''
Reinach, 1900 – Oligocene of Rhineland-Palatinate (Germany)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''capellinii''
Negri, 1892 – Eocene of Veneto (Italy)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''dissolutus''
Vitek & Danilov, 2014 – Late Cretaceous of Navoiy Region (Uzbekistan)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''ellipticus''
(Hay, 1908) – Eocene of Utah (United States)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''eloisae''
(Gilmore, 1919) – Paleocene of New Mexico (United States)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''foveatus''
Leidy, 1857 – Late Cretaceous of Montana (United States)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''gilbentuensis''
Danilov et al., 2014 – Late Cretaceous of Ömnögovi Aimag (Mongolia)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''gobiensis''
Danilov et al., 2014 – Late Cretaceous of Ömnögovi Aimag (Mongolia)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''gregarius''
(Gilmore, 1934) – Eocene of Inner Mongolia (China)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''henrici''
Owen, 1849 – Eocene of Hampshire (United Kingdom)
* †
"''Trionyx''" ''ikoviensis'' Danilov et al., 2011 – Eocene of Luhansk (Ukraine)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''impressus''
(Yeh, 1963) – Eocene of Yuangdong Province (China)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''latus''
(Gilmore, 1919) – Late Cretaceous of Alberta (Canada)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''leucopotamicus''
Cope, 1891 – Eocene of Saskatchewan (Canada)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''johnsoni''
Gilmore, 1931 – Eocene of Inner Mongolia (China)
* †
"''Trionyx''" ''kansaiensis'' Vitek & Danilov, 2010 – Late Cretaceous of Khodzhent Province (Tajikistan)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''linchuensis''
(Yeh, 1962) – Eocene of Shandong Province (China)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''messelianus''
Reinach, 1900 – Eocene of Hesse (Germany)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''miensis''
Okazaki and Yoshida, 1977 – Pliocene of Mie Prefecture (Japan)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''miocaenus''
(Matthew, 1924) – Eocene of Wyoming (United States)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''minusculus''
(Chkhikvadze, 1973) – Eocene of East Kazakhstan Region (Kazakhstan)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''mira''
(Hay, 1908) – Eocene of Wyoming (United States)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''ninae''
Chkhikvadze, 1971 – Oligocene of Karagandy Region (Kazakhstan)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''onomatoplokos''
Georgalis & Joyce, 2017 – Late Cretaceous of Kyzylorda Region (Kazakhstan)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''reesidei''
(Gilmore, 1919) – Paleocene of New Mexico (United States)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''riabinini''
Kuznetsov & Chkhikvadze, 1987 – Late Cretaceous of Kyzylorda Region (Kazakhstan)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''robustus''
(Gilmore, 1919) – Late Cretaceous of New Mexico (United States)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''shiluutulensis''
Danilov et al., 2014 – Late Cretaceous of Ömnögovi Aimag (Mongolia)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''silvestris''
Walker & Moody, 1974 – Eocene of Kent (United Kingdom)
* †
"''Trionyx''" ''singularis'' (Hay, 1907) – Paleocene of New Mexico (United States)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''uintaensis''
Leidy, 1873 – Eocene of Wyoming (United States)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''vegetus''
(Gilmore, 1919) – Paleocene of New Mexico (United States)
* † "''Trionyx''" ''yixiensis''
Li, Tong et al., 2015 – Early Cretaceous of Heilongjiang Province (China)
† = extinct
References
External links
BiolibThe Paleobiology Database
{{Taxonbar, from=Q5079121
Turtle genera
Reptile genera with one living species
Hell Creek fauna
Taxa named by Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire