Tridentiger
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''Tridentiger'' is a
genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of fish in the
subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ...
of
gobies Gobiidae or gobies is a family of bony fish in the order Gobiiformes, one of the largest fish families comprising over 2,000 species in more than 200 genera. Most of gobiid fish are relatively small, typically less than in length, and the fam ...
called the
Gobionellinae The Gobionellinae are a subfamily of fish which was formerly classified in the family Gobiidae, the gobies, but the 5th Edition of ''Fishes of the World'' classifies the subfamily as part of the family Oxudercidae. Members of Gobionellinae mostl ...
, known commonly as the tripletooth gobies. These fish are native to the coastal waters of
China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...
,
Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...
, and
Korea Korea is a peninsular region in East Asia consisting of the Korean Peninsula, Jeju Island, and smaller islands. Since the end of World War II in 1945, it has been politically Division of Korea, divided at or near the 38th parallel north, 3 ...
, where they live in
brackish Brackish water, sometimes termed brack water, is water occurring in a natural environment that has more salinity than freshwater, but not as much as seawater. It may result from mixing seawater (salt water) and fresh water together, as in estuari ...
habitat types. They are often dominant members of the local fish fauna. Some are known as
invasive species An invasive species is an introduced species that harms its new environment. Invasive species adversely affect habitats and bioregions, causing ecological, environmental, and/or economic damage. The term can also be used for native spec ...
in North America. These gobies are generally under 10 centimeters long. They have tricuspid outer teeth on their upper and lower jaws.


Species

There are currently 9 recognized species in this genus: * ''
Tridentiger barbatus Species Descriptions The Shokihaze goby (''Tridentiger'' ''barbatus'') is a small fish species that bears a superficial resemblance to sculpins but can be distinguished by specific morphological features. One notable characteristic is the presenc ...
'' Günther, 1861 (Shokihaze goby) * ''
Tridentiger bifasciatus The Shimofuri goby (''Tridentiger bifasciatus)'' is found in fresh and brackish waters. However, it is most abundant in low-salinity environments. The fish has typical features consistent with the family Gobiidae and grows to a maximum of 12 centi ...
''
Steindachner Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner descri ...
, 1881
(Shimofuri goby) * ''
Tridentiger brevispinis ''Tridentiger brevispinis'' is a species of goby native to marine, brackish and fresh waters along the coasts of northeastern Asia. This species can reach a length of TL. It is important to local commercial fisheries Commercial fishing is t ...
'' Katsuyama, R. Arai & M. Nakamura, 1972 * ''
Tridentiger kuroiwae ''Tridentiger kuroiwae'' is a species of goby endemic to Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and e ...
''
D. S. Jordan David Starr Jordan (January 19, 1851 – September 19, 1931) was the founding president of Stanford University, serving from 1891 to 1913. He was an ichthyologist during his research career. Prior to serving as president of Stanford Universi ...
& S. Tanaka (I), 1927
* ''
Tridentiger microsquamis ''Tridentiger'' is a genus of fish in the subfamily of gobies called the Gobionellinae, known commonly as the tripletooth gobies. These fish are native to the coastal waters of China, Japan, and Korea, where they live in brackish habitat types. ...
'' H. W. Wu, 1931 * ''
Tridentiger nudicervicus The bare-naped goby (''Tridentiger nudicervicus'') is a species of goby native to marine and brackish waters along the coasts of eastern Asia Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an ...
'' Tomiyama, 1934 (Bare-naped goby) * ''
Tridentiger obscurus The dusky tripletooth goby (''Tridentiger obscurus'') is a species of goby native to marine, fresh and brackish waters along the coasts of Korea and Japan. This species can reach a length of TL. This species is of minor importance to local com ...
''
Temminck Coenraad Jacob Temminck (; 31 March 1778 – 30 January 1858) was a Dutch patrician, zoologist and museum director. Biography Coenraad Jacob Temminck was born on 31 March 1778 in Amsterdam in the Dutch Republic. From his father, Jacob ...
&
Schlegel Schlegel is a German occupational surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Anthony Schlegel (born 1981), American football player * August Wilhelm Schlegel (1767–1845), German poet, brother of Friedrich * Brad Schlegel (born 1968), C ...
, 1845
(Dusky tripletooth goby) * ''
Tridentiger radiatus ''Tridentiger'' is a genus of fish in the subfamily of Gobiiformes, gobies called the Gobionellinae, known commonly as the tripletooth gobies. These fish are native to the coastal waters of China, Japan, and Korea, where they live in brackish ha ...
'' R. F. Cui, Y. S. Pan, X. M. Yang & Y. Y. Wang, 2013 Cui, R., Pan, Y., Yang, X. & Wang, Y. (2013)
A new barbeled goby from south China (Teleostei: Gobiidae).
''Zootaxa, 3670 (2) 177-192.''
* '' Tridentiger trigonocephalus'' T. N. Gill, 1859 (Chameleon goby)


References

Gobionellinae * * * {{Gobionellinae-stub