''Trichosalpinx'', commonly known as the bonnet orchid,
[Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.C. & Rasmussen, F.N. (2006). Epidendroideae (Part One). Genera Orchidacearum 4: 1-672. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.] is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
neotropical
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone.
Definition
In biogeogra ...
orchid
Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant. Orchids are cosmopolitan plants that are found in almost every habitat on Eart ...
s containing 38 species.
[ The genus is widespread across most of ]Latin America
Latin America is the cultural region of the Americas where Romance languages are predominantly spoken, primarily Spanish language, Spanish and Portuguese language, Portuguese. Latin America is defined according to cultural identity, not geogr ...
from northern Mexico
Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...
to Bolivia
Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. The country features diverse geography, including vast Amazonian plains, tropical lowlands, mountains, the Gran Chaco Province, w ...
, as well as the West Indies
The West Indies is an island subregion of the Americas, surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, which comprises 13 independent island country, island countries and 19 dependent territory, dependencies in thr ...
.[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name id=208291, Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]
''Trichosalpinx'' is characterized by the presence of a ringed, ribbed sheath around the stem. The generic name means "trumpet with hair" and refers to this ring.
The genus formerly included over 100 species. Phylogenetic studies concluded that the genus as formerly circumscribed to be polyphyletic
A polyphyletic group is an assemblage that includes organisms with mixed evolutionary origin but does not include their most recent common ancestor. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as Homoplasy, homoplasies ...
, and in 2023 many species were placed in the newly-described genus ''Karma
Karma (, from , ; ) is an ancient Indian concept that refers to an action, work, or deed, and its effect or consequences. In Indian religions, the term more specifically refers to a principle of cause and effect, often descriptively called ...
''.[Adam P. Karremans. "''Karma'', a New Genus in the Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae)," ''Harvard Papers in Botany'' 28(1), 61-69, (30 June 2023). https://doi.org/10.3100/hpib.v28iss1.2023.n7]
Species
Species accepted by the Plants of the World Online
Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online taxonomic database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
History
Following the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew launched Plants of the World Online i ...
as of July 2024.[
*'' Trichosalpinx acestrochila''
*'' Trichosalpinx blaisdellii''
*'' Trichosalpinx bricenoensis''
*'' Trichosalpinx calceolaris''
*'' Trichosalpinx carinatus''
*'' Trichosalpinx caudata''
*'' Trichosalpinx ciliaris''
*'' Trichosalpinx cryptantha''
*'' Trichosalpinx deceptrix''
*'' Trichosalpinx decorata''
*'' Trichosalpinx dentialae''
*'' Trichosalpinx diazii''
*'' Trichosalpinx egleri''
*'' Trichosalpinx inquisiviensis''
*'' Trichosalpinx memor''
*'' Trichosalpinx minutipetala''
*'' Trichosalpinx navarrensis''
*'' Trichosalpinx ollgaardiana''
*'' Trichosalpinx orbicularis''
*'' Trichosalpinx pandurata''
*'' Trichosalpinx pringlei''
*'' Trichosalpinx pseudolepanthes''
*'' Trichosalpinx psilantha''
*'' Trichosalpinx ramosii''
*'' Trichosalpinx reflexa''
*'' Trichosalpinx ringens''
*'' Trichosalpinx roraimensis''
*'' Trichosalpinx rotundata''
*'' Trichosalpinx sanctuarii''
*'' Trichosalpinx semilunata''
*'' Trichosalpinx silverstonei''
*'' Trichosalpinx spathulata''
*'' Trichosalpinx trachystoma''
*'' Trichosalpinx triangulipetala''
*'' Trichosalpinx uvaria''
*'' Trichosalpinx xiphochila''
*'' Trichosalpinx zunagensis''
]
Formerly placed here
*'' Karma montana'' (as '' Trichosalpinx montana'' )
References
*
Pleurothallidinae genera
Orchids of Mexico
Orchids of Central America
Orchids of North America
Orchids of South America
Flora of the Caribbean
{{Epidendreae-stub