''Criniger'' is a genus of

songbird A songbird is a bird belonging to the suborder Passeri of the perching birds (Passeriformes). Another name that is sometimes seen as the scientific or vernacular name is Oscines, from Latin ''oscen'', "songbird". The Passeriformes contains 5,00 ...

s in the

bulbul The bulbuls are members of a family, Pycnonotidae, of medium-sized passerine songbirds, which also includes greenbuls, brownbuls, leafloves, and bristlebills. The family is distributed across most of Africa and into the Middle East, tropic ...

family, Pycnonotidae. The species of ''Criniger'' are found in western and central Africa.

Taxonomy

The genus ''Criniger'' was introduced in 1820 by the Dutch zoologist

Coenraad Jacob Temminck Coenraad Jacob Temminck (; 31 March 1778 – 30 January 1858) was a Dutch people, Dutch patrician, Zoology, zoologist and museum director. Biography Coenraad Jacob Temminck was born on 31 March 1778 in Amsterdam in the Dutch Republic. Fro ...

, the name ''Criniger'' is

Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...

for "long-haired" (from ''crinis'', meaning "hair" and ''gerere'', meaning "to carry"). A year later Temminck designated the

type species In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ...

as the

western bearded greenbul The western bearded greenbul (''Criniger barbatus'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in West Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical moist lowland ...

Species

The genus contains five species:

Former species

Formerly, some authorities also considered the following species (or subspecies) as species within the genus ''Criniger'': * Striated bulbul (as ''Tricophorus striatus'' or ''Criniger striatus'') *

Streak-eared bulbul The streak-eared bulbul (''Pycnonotus conradi'') is a member of the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is found from Thailand and northern and central Malay Peninsula to southern Indochina. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist ...

(as ''Criniger Conradi'') *

Western greenbul The western greenbul (''Arizelocichla tephrolaema'') is a species of the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is found in the Cameroonian Highlands forests. Taxonomy and systematics The western greenbul was originally described in the genus '' T ...

(as ''Trichophorus tephrolaemus'') * Olive-headed greenbul (as ''Criniger olivaceiceps'') *

Golden greenbul The golden greenbul (''Calyptocichla serinus'') is a member of the bulbul family of passerine birds native to the African tropical rainforest. It is the only member of the genus ''Calyptocichla''. Taxonomy and systematics The golden greenbul w ...

(as ''Criniger serinus'') *

Honeyguide greenbul The honeyguide greenbul (''Baeopogon indicator'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is widespread throughout the African tropical rainforest. Taxonomy and systematics The honeyguide greenbul was originally describe ...

(as ''Criniger indicator'') *

Upper Guinea honeyguide greenbul The honeyguide greenbul (''Baeopogon indicator'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is widespread throughout the African tropical rainforest. Taxonomy and systematics The honeyguide greenbul was originally describe ...

(as ''Trichophorus leucurus'') *

Yellow-bellied greenbul The yellow-bellied greenbul (''Chlorocichla flaviventris'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in eastern, southern and west-central Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, sub ...

(as ''Trichophorus flaviventris'') *

Falkenstein's greenbul Falkenstein's greenbul (''Chlorocichla falkensteini'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found from western Cameroon and Central African Republic to central Angola. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropi ...

(as ''Criniger Falkensteini'') *

Simple greenbul The simple greenbul (''Chlorocichla simplex'') or simple leaflove, is a species of songbird in the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is widespread throughout the African tropical rainforest. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dr ...

(as ''Trichophorus simplex'') *

Yellow-throated leaflove The yellow-gorgeted greenbul (''Atimastillas flavicollis''), formerly known as the yellow-throated leaflove, is a species of passerine bird in the bulbul family Pycnonotidae. It is found in West Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tr ...

(as ''Trichophorus flavicollis'' or ''Criniger flavicollis'') *

Uganda yellow-throated greenbul The yellow-gorgeted greenbul (''Atimastillas flavicollis''), formerly known as the yellow-throated leaflove, is a species of passerine bird in the bulbul family Pycnonotidae. It is found in West Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tro ...

(as ''Trichophorus flavigula'') *

Northern brownbul The northern brownbul (''Phyllastrephus strepitans'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in eastern Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, dry savanna, and subtropical or tropic ...

(as ''Criniger strepitans'') *

Fischer's greenbul Fischer's greenbul (''Phyllastrephus fischeri'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in eastern Africa from southern Somalia to north-eastern Mozambique. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry fo ...

(as ''Criniger Fischeri'') *

Cabanis's greenbul Cabanis's greenbul (''Phyllastrephus cabanisi''), also known as Cabanis's bulbul, is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in east-central and south-central Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical ...

(as ''Criniger cabanisi'') *

Icterine greenbul The icterine greenbul (''Phyllastrephus icterinus'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is native to the African tropical rainforest. Taxonomy and systematics The icterine greenbul was originally described in the ge ...

(as ''Trichophorus icterinus'') * Red-tailed bristlebill (multicolor) (as ''Criniger multicolor'') * Green-tailed bristlebill (as ''Trichophorus eximius'') *

Yellow-lored bristlebill The yellow-lored bristlebill or lesser bristlebill (''Bleda notatus'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in central Africa. It is most often found at lower elevations. Taxonomy and systematics The yellow-l ...

(as ''Trichophorus notatus'') *

Grey-headed bristlebill The grey-headed bristlebill (''Bleda canicapillus'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in West Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland fore ...

(as ''Trichophorus canicapillus'') *

Finsch's bulbul Finsch's bulbul (''Iole finschii)'' is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found on the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by h ...

(as ''Criniger finschi'') *

White-throated bulbul The white-throated bulbul (''Alophoixus flaveolus'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in south-eastern Asia from the eastern Himalayas to Myanmar and western Thailand. Its natural habitat is subtropical or ...

(as ''Trichophorus flaveolus'' or ''Criniger flaveolus'') * White-throated bulbul (burmanicus) (as ''Criniger burmanicus'') *

Puff-throated bulbul The puff-throated bulbul (''Alophoixus pallidus'') is a songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. The species was first described by Robert Swinhoe in 1870. It is found in Southeast Asia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist ...

(as ''Criniger pallidus'') * Grey-crowned bulbul (as ''Criniger griseiceps'') * Puff-throated bulbul (henrici) (as ''Criniger Henrici'') *

Ochraceous bulbul The ochraceous bulbul (''Alophoixus ochraceus'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found from Southeast Asia to Sumatra. It is usually found in the mid-storey of broad-leaved evergreen and rainforests up to 1500 m ...

(as ''Criniger ochraceus'') * Ochraceous bulbul (sordidus) (as ''Criniger sordidus'') * Ochraceous bulbul (sumatranus) (as ''Criniger sumatranus'') * Ochraceous bulbul (ruficrissus) (as ''Criniger ruficrissus'') *

Grey-cheeked bulbul The grey-cheeked bulbul (''Alophoixus tephrogenys'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found from the Malay Peninsula to the Greater Sunda Islands. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland f ...

(as ''Criniger bres'') * Grey-cheeked bulbul (tephrogenys) (as ''Trichophorus tephrogenys'') * Grey-cheeked bulbul (gutturalis) (as ''Trichophorus gutturalis'' or ''Criniger gutturalis'') *

Palawan bulbul The Palawan bulbul or grey-throated bulbul (''Alophoixus frater'') is a species of songbird in the family Pycnonotidae. It is endemic to Palawan Island in the Philippines. Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forests and tropical mo ...

(as ''Criniger frater'') *

Yellow-bellied bulbul The yellow-bellied bulbul (''Alophoixus phaeocephalus'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found on the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra and Borneo. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. T ...

(as ''Criniger phaeocephalus'') * Yellow-bellied bulbul (diardi) (as ''Criniger diardi'') * Yellow-bellied bulbul (sulphuratus) (as ''Trichophorus sulphuratus'') * Yellow-browed bulbul (as ''Trichophorus indicus'') * Yellow-browed bulbul (icterica) (as ''Criniger ictericus'') *

Hairy-backed bulbul The hairy-backed bulbul (''Tricholestes criniger'') is a songbird species in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is the sole species contained within the monotypic genus ''Tricholestes''. It is found on the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo. ...

(as ''Trichophorus minutus'') * Hairy-backed bulbul (sericeus) (as ''Criniger sericea'') * Grey-eyed bulbul (as ''Criniger propinquus'') * Charlotte's bulbul (as ''Criniger charlottae'') * Sulphur-bellied bulbul (as ''Criniger palawanensis'') * Seram golden bulbul (as ''Criniger affinis'') * Ambon golden bulbul (as ''Trichophorus flavicaudus'') * Northern golden bulbul (as ''Criniger longirostris'') * Sangihe golden bulbul (as ''Criniger Platenae'') * Togian golden bulbul (as ''Criniger aureus'') * Halmahera golden bulbul (as ''Criniger Chloris'') *

Buru golden bulbul The Buru golden bulbul (''Hypsipetes mysticalis'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family. It is endemic to Buru Island. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. Taxonomy and systematics The Buru golden bulbu ...

(as ''Criniger mystacalis'') * Yellowish bulbul (as ''Criniger Everetti'') * Sulu bulbul (as ''Criniger Haynaldi'')

Taxonomy

Species

Former species

References

Further reading