''Trichonotus'' is a genus of marine
gobiiform fishes. Species of ''Trichonotus'' are distributed throughout the Indo-West Pacific.
This genus is the only member of the family Trichonotidae and of the suborder Trichonotoidei. They are considered the
sister group
In phylogenetics, a sister group or sister taxon, also called an adelphotaxon, comprises the closest relative(s) of another given unit in an evolutionary tree.
Definition
The expression is most easily illustrated by a cladogram:
Taxon A and ...
to the
gobies
Gobiidae or gobies is a family of bony fish in the order Gobiiformes, one of the largest fish families comprising over 2,000 species in more than 200 genera. Most of gobiid fish are relatively small, typically less than in length, and the fam ...
(
Gobioidei
The Gobioidei are a suborder of percomorph fish. Many of these fishes are called gobies. It is by far the largest and most diverse order within the order Gobiiformes, and one of the most diverse groups of ray-finned fish in general.
The suborde ...
).
Description
''Trichonotus'' species have jutting lower jaws, five
soft ray
Fish anatomy is the study of the form or morphology of fish. It can be contrasted with fish physiology, which is the study of how the component parts of fish function together in the living fish. In practice, fish anatomy and fish physiology co ...
s, and single pelvic spines. In males, the anterior rays on their
dorsal fin
A dorsal fin is a fin on the back of most marine and freshwater vertebrates. Dorsal fins have evolved independently several times through convergent evolution adapting to marine environments, so the fins are not all homologous. They are found ...
s may be extended. Their
lateral line
The lateral line, also called the lateral line organ (LLO), is a system of sensory organs found in fish, used to detect movement, vibration, and pressure gradients in the surrounding water. The sensory ability is achieved via modified epithelia ...
s run along the middle flank. On the back end of the lateral line scales is a deep, V-shaped notch. The type species is ''
Trichonotus setiger''.
Species
There are currently 10 recognized species in this genus:
* ''
Trichonotus arabicus''
J. E. Randall & A. B. Tarr, 1994 (Arabian sand-diver)
* ''
Trichonotus blochii''
Castelnau, 1875 (Bloch's sand-diver)
[Katayama, E. & Endo, H. (2010): Redescription of a Sanddiver, ''Trichonotus blochii'' (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Trichonotidae), with Confirmation of Its Validity. ''Species Diversity, 15 (1): 1-10.'']
* ''
Trichonotus cyclograptus''
Alcock, 1890 (Bengal sand-diver)
* ''
Trichonotus elegans''
Shimada & Yoshino, 1984 (Long-rayed sand-diver)
* ''
Trichonotus filamentosus''
Steindachner, 1867
* ''
Trichonotus halstead''
E. Clark & Pohle, 1996 (Gold-bar sand-diver)
* ''
Trichonotus marleyi''
J. L. B. Smith
James Leonard Brierley Smith (26 September 1897 – 8 January 1968) was a South African ichthyology, ichthyologist, organic chemist, and university professor. He was the first to identify a taxidermied fish as a coelacanth, at the time thought t ...
, 1936
* ''
Trichonotus nikii''
E. Clark & K. von Schmidt, 1966
* ''
Trichonotus setiger''
Bloch
Bloch is a surname of German origin. Notable people with this surname include:
A
*Adele Bloch-Bauer (1881–1925), Austrian entrepreneur
*Albert Bloch (1882–1961), American painter
*Alexandre Bloch (1857–1919), French painter
*Alfred Bloch ( ...
& J. G. Schneider, 1801 (Spotted sand-diver)
* ''
Trichonotus somaliensis''
Katayama, Motomura & Endo, 2012 (Somalian sand-diver)
[Katayama, E., Motomura, H. & Endo, H. (2012): A new species of ''Trichonotus'' (Perciformes: Trichonotidae) from Somalia and redescription of ''Trichonotus cyclograptus'' (Alcock, 1890) with designation of a lectotype. ''Zootaxa, 3565: 31-43.'']
References
Gobiiformes
Marine fish genera
Taxa named by Marcus Elieser Bloch
Taxa named by Johann Gottlob Theaenus Schneider
{{Gobiiformes-stub