Trichodactylidae is a
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
of
crab
Crabs are decapod crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura (meaning "short tailed" in Greek language, Greek), which typically have a very short projecting tail-like abdomen#Arthropoda, abdomen, usually hidden entirely under the Thorax (arthropo ...
s, in its own
superfamily
SUPERFAMILY is a database and search platform of structural and functional annotation for all proteins and genomes. It classifies amino acid sequences into known structural domains, especially into SCOP superfamilies. Domains are functional, str ...
, Trichodactyloidea. They are all
freshwater
Fresh water or freshwater is any naturally occurring liquid or frozen water containing low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids. The term excludes seawater and brackish water, but it does include non-salty mi ...
animals from
Central and
South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern Subregion#Americas, subregion o ...
, including some offshore islands, such as
Ilhabela
Ilhabela (Portuguese language, Portuguese for ''Beautiful Island'') is an archipelago and city situated in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of São Paulo (state), São Paulo state in Brazil. The city is from the city of São Paulo and from the ...
,
São Paulo
São Paulo (; ; Portuguese for 'Paul the Apostle, Saint Paul') is the capital of the São Paulo (state), state of São Paulo, as well as the List of cities in Brazil by population, most populous city in Brazil, the List of largest cities in the ...
. Only one of the 50 species is known from the
fossil record
A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ...
, ''Sylviocarcinus piriformis'' from the Miocene of Colombia.
The family contains 15 genera in two subfamilies:
;Subfamily Dilocarcininae
Pretzmann, 1978
*''Bottiella''
Magalhães & Türkay, 1996
*''Dilocarcinus''
H. Milne-Edwards, 1853
*''Forsteria (crab), Forsteria''
Bott, 1969
*''Fredilocarcinus''
Pretzmann, 1978
*''Goyazana''
Bott, 1969
*''Melocarcinus''
Magalhães & Türkay, 1996
*''Moreirocarcinus''
Magalhães & Türkay, 1996
*''Poppiana''
Bott, 1969
*''Rotundovaldivia''
Pretzmann, 1968
*''Sylviocarcinus''
H. Milne-Edwards, 1853
*''Valdivia (crab), Valdivia''
White, 1847
*''Zilchiopsis''
Bott, 1969
;Subfamily Trichodactylinae
H. Milne-Edwards, 1853
*''Avotrichodactylus''
Pretzmann, 1968
*''Rodriguezia (crab), Rodriguezia''
Bott, 1969
*''Trichodactylus''
Latreille, 1829
References
Crabs
Freshwater crustaceans of South America
Extant Miocene first appearances
Taxa named by Henri Milne-Edwards
Decapod families
{{Eubrachyura-stub