''Trianthema'' is a genus of

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. They include all forbs (flowering plants without a woody stem), grasses and grass-like plants, a vast majority of ...

s in the ice plant family,

Aizoaceae The Aizoaceae, or fig-marigold family, is a large family of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing 135 genera and about 1800 species. They are commonly known as ice plants or carpet weeds. They are often called vygies in South Africa and New ...

. Members of the genus are annuals or

perennials A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years. The term ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the years") is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. The term is also wide ...

generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with five perianth segments subtended by a pair of bracts, and a fruit with a winged lid. The genus contains about 30 described species growing in tropical and subtropical regions, especially Australia. One common species, '' Trianthema portulacastrum'', desert horse purslane, is frequent as a weed in agricultural areas and is widely distributed.

Taxonomy

The genus ''Trianthema'' was first formally described in 1753 by

Carl Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, ...

in ''

Species Plantarum ' (Latin for "The Species of Plants") is a book by Carl Linnaeus, originally published in 1753, which lists every species of plant known at the time, classified into genera. It is the first work to consistently apply binomial names and was the ...

''.

Species list

The following is a list of species of ''Trianthema'' according to

Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. It was launched in March 2017 with the ultimate aim being "to enable users to access information on all the world's known seed-bearing plants ...

as at October 2020: * ''

Trianthema argentinum ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

Hunz. Armando Theodoro Hunziker (August 29, 1919 in Chacabuco, Argentina – December 12, 2001 in Córdoba, Argentina) was an Argentine botanist. He had specialized in the study of systems biology of the family Solanaceae, having contributed with ...

& A.A.Cocucci (Argentina) * '' Trianthema ceratosepalum'' Volkens & Irmsch. (Kenya, Somalia, Tanzania) * '' Trianthema clavatum'' (

J.M.Black John McConnell Black (28 April 1855 – 2 December 1951) was a Scottish botanist who emigrated to Australia in 1877 and eventually documented and illustrated thousands of flora in South Australia in the early 20th century. His publications assi ...

)

H.E.K.Hartmann Heidrun Hartmann, née Heidrun Elsbeth Klara Osterwald (born 5 August 1942 Kolberg; died 11 July 2016) was a German botanist. She worked at the University of Hamburg and specialised in Aizoaceae, Crassulaceae, collected plants from Africa and S ...

Liede The Liede is a little river that used to connect Haarlem Lake with the Spaarne, just south of Spaarndam Spaarndam is a small village in the province of North Holland, the Netherlands, on the Spaarne river and the IJ lake. The oldest part o ...

(South Australia) * '' Trianthema compactum''

C.T.White Cyril Tenison ("C.T.") White (17 August 1890 – 15 August 1950) was an Australian botanist. Early life White was born in Brisbane to Henry White, a trade broker, and Louisa ''nee'' Bailey. He attended school at South Brisbane State School, an ...

(Queensland, Northern Territory)) * '' Trianthema corallicola'' H.E.K.Hartmann & Liede (Kenya, Somalia) * '' Trianthema corymbosum'' (

E.Mey. Ernst Heinrich Friedrich Meyer (1 January 1791 – 7 August 1858) was a German botanist and botanical historian. Born in Hanover, he lectured in Göttingen and in 1826 became a professor of botany at the University of Königsberg, as well as D ...

ex Sond.) H.E.K.Hartmann & Liede (South Africa) * ''

Trianthema crystallinum ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

'' ( Forssk.)

Vahl Vahl is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Christian-Friedrich Vahl (born 1955), German cardiac surgeon * Emanuel Vahl (born 1938), Ukrainian-Israeli composer * Herbert-Ernst Vahl, German SS general *Jens Vahl (1796–1854), Dani ...

(Bangladesh, Myanmar, Africa, Yemen, South Africa) * ''

Trianthema cussackianum ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

F.Muell. Baron Sir Ferdinand Jacob Heinrich von Mueller, (german: Müller; 30 June 1825 – 10 October 1896) was a German-Australian physician, geographer, and most notably, a botanist. He was appointed government botanist for the then colony of Vic ...

(Western Australia) * ''

Trianthema cypseleoides ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

'' (

Fenzl Eduard Fenzl (1808, in Krummnußbaum – 1879, in Vienna) was an Austrian botanist. Life and contributions An obituary notes " was Professor of Botany and Director of the Imperial Botanical Cabinet, a member of the Vienna Academy of Sciences ...

)

Benth. George Bentham (22 September 1800 – 10 September 1884) was an English botanist, described by the weed botanist Duane Isely as "the premier systematic botanist of the nineteenth century". Born into a distinguished family, he initially studie ...

(New South Wales) * ''

Trianthema glossostigma ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

'' F.Muell. (Northern Territory, Western Australia) * ''

Trianthema hecatandrum ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

'' Wingf. & M.F.Newman (Venezuela) * ''

Trianthema hereroense ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

Schinz Schinz is a Swiss surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Albert Schinz (1870–1943), Swiss-born U.S. editor and academic *Hans Schinz (1858–1941), Swiss explorer and botanist *Heinrich Rudolf Schinz Heinrich Rudolf Schinz (30 Marc ...

(Namibia) * ''

Trianthema kimberleyi ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

'' Bittrich & K.M.Jenssen (Western Australia) * ''

Trianthema megaspermum ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers wi ...

'' A.M.Prescott (Northern Territory) * ''

Trianthema mozambiquense ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

'' H.E.K.Hartmann & Liede (Mozambique) * ''

Trianthema oxycalyptrum ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

'' F.Muell. (Northern Territory, Western Australia) * ''

Trianthema pakistanense ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers wi ...

'' H.E.K.Hartmann & Liede (India, Pakistan) * ''

Trianthema parvifolium ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

'' E.Mey. ex Sond. (Angola, Botswana, Cape Provinces, Free State, Namibia, Northern Provinces) * ''

Trianthema patellitectum ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

'' A.M.Prescott (Northern Territory, Western Australia) * ''

Trianthema pilosum ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

'' F.Muell. (Australia) * '' Trianthema portulacastrum'' L. – Desert horse purslane (many continents) * ''

Trianthema rhynchocalyptrum ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

'' F.Muell. (Northern Territory, Queensland) * ''

Trianthema salsoloides ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

'' Fenzl ex Oliv. (Angola, Botswana, Cape Provinces, Free State, Kenya, Mozambique, Namibia, Northern Provinces, Sudan, Tanzania)) * ''

Trianthema sanguineum ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

'' Volkens & Irmsch. (Kenya, Tanzania) * ''

Trianthema sheilae ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

'' A.G.Mill. & J.Nyberg (Eritea, Ethiopia, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Yemen) * ''

Trianthema triquetrum ''Trianthema triquetrum'' (orthographic variant ''Trianthema triquetra'') is a plant in the Aizoaceae family, found in the Sahara, the Sahel, South Africa, the Indian subcontinent, Thailand, Indonesia and all the mainland states and territories ...

Willd. Carl Ludwig Willdenow (22 August 1765 – 10 July 1812) was a German botanist, pharmacist, and plant taxonomist. He is considered one of the founders of phytogeography, the study of the geographic distribution of plants. Willdenow was als ...

ex Spreng. (Sahara to Sahel to South Africa, Indian subcontinent, to Thailand, North-east Jawa to Lesser Sunda Island, Australia) * ''

Trianthema turgidifolium ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

'' F.Muell. (Northern Territory, Western Australia) * ''

Trianthema ufoense ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

'' H.E.K.Hartmann & Liede (Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia) * ''

Trianthema vleiense ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...

'' H.E.K.Hartmann & Liede (Cape Provinces, Free State, Northern Provinces)

References

External links

Jepson Manual Treatment
{{Taxonbar, from=Q136766 Aizoaceae genera Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus