''Treponema'' is a genus of spiral-shaped bacteria. The major treponeme species of human pathogens is ''

Treponema pallidum ''Treponema pallidum'', formerly known as ''Spirochaeta pallida'', is a spirochaete bacterium with various subspecies that cause the diseases syphilis, bejel (also known as endemic syphilis), and yaws. It is transmitted only among humans. It ...

'', whose subspecies are responsible for diseases such as syphilis,

bejel Bejel, or endemic syphilis, is a chronic skin and tissue disease caused by infection by the ''endemicum'' subspecies of the spirochete ''Treponema pallidum''. Bejel is one of the "endemic treponematoses" (endemic infections caused by spiral-shaped ...

, and

yaws Yaws is a tropical infection of the skin, bones, and joints caused by the spirochete bacterium ''Treponema pallidum pertenue''. The disease begins with a round, hard swelling of the skin, in diameter. The center may break open and form an ul ...

. ''

Treponema carateum ''Treponema carateum'' is a species of spirochete bacteria in the genus ''Treponema ''Treponema'' is a genus of spiral-shaped bacteria. The major treponeme species of human pathogens is ''Treponema pallidum'', whose subspecies are responsible ...

'' is the cause of pinta. ''

Treponema paraluiscuniculi ''Treponema paraluiscuniculi'' is a Gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacterium. It is the etiologic agent of "Rabbit Syphilis". This condition occurs occasionally in laboratory rabbits, pet rabbits, and wild rabbits, but is not considered a signifi ...

'' is associated with syphilis in

rabbit Rabbits, also known as bunnies or bunny rabbits, are small mammals in the family Leporidae (which also contains the hares) of the order Lagomorpha (which also contains the pikas). ''Oryctolagus cuniculus'' includes the European rabbit s ...

s. ''

Treponema succinifaciens ''Treponema succinifaciens'' is an anaerobic spirochete bacterium first discovered in the intestines of swine in 1981. The helical cells of ''T. succinifaciens'' grow to 16 μm in length and often form chains of cells when cultured. ''T. succin ...

'' has been found in the gut microbiome of traditional rural human populations.

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the

List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) is an online database that maintains information on the naming and taxonomy Taxonomy is the practice and science of categorization or classification. A taxonomy (or taxonomical ...

(LPSN) and

National Center for Biotechnology Information The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It is approved and funded by the government of the United States. T ...

(NCBI). Unassigned species: * ''

Treponema calligyrum ''Treponema'' is a genus of spiral-shaped bacteria. The major treponeme species of human pathogens is ''Treponema pallidum'', whose subspecies are responsible for diseases such as syphilis, bejel, and yaws. ''Treponema carateum'' is the cause ...

'' Noguchi 1913 * ''

'' Brumpt 1939 ( pinta-causing ''Treponema'') * "''Ca.'' Treponema faecavium" Gilroy et al. 2021 * ''

Treponema paraluisleporis ''Treponema'' is a genus of spiral-shaped bacteria. The major treponeme species of human pathogens is '' Treponema pallidum'', whose subspecies are responsible for diseases such as syphilis, bejel, and yaws. '' Treponema carateum'' is the cau ...

'' Lumeij et al. 1994 * ''

'' ♦ (Jacobsthal 1920) Smibert 1974 * ''

Treponema pertenue Yaws is a tropical infection of the skin, bones, and joints caused by the spirochete bacterium ''Treponema pallidum pertenue''. The disease begins with a round, hard swelling of the skin, in diameter. The center may break open and form an ulce ...

'' ♦ (Castellani 1905) Castellani & Chalmers 1910 * "''Ca.''

Treponema suis ''Treponema'' is a genus of spiral-shaped bacteria. The major treponeme species of human pathogens is '' Treponema pallidum'', whose subspecies are responsible for diseases such as syphilis, bejel, and yaws. ''Treponema carateum'' is the caus ...

" Molbak et al. 2006 * ''

Treponema refringens ''Treponema'' is a genus of spiral-shaped bacteria. The major treponeme species of human pathogens is '' Treponema pallidum'', whose subspecies are responsible for diseases such as syphilis, bejel, and yaws. '' Treponema carateum'' is the cau ...

'' (Schaudinn and Hofmann 1905) Castellani and Chalmers * "''

Treponema scoliodonta ''Treponema'' is a genus of spiral-shaped bacteria. The major treponeme species of human pathogens is '' Treponema pallidum'', whose subspecies are responsible for diseases such as syphilis, bejel, and yaws. '' Treponema carateum'' is the cau ...

''" (Hoffmann 1920) Noguchi 1928 ex Smibert 1984 * "''Ca.''

Treponema teratonymphae ''Treponema'' is a genus of spiral-shaped bacteria. The major treponeme species of human pathogens is '' Treponema pallidum'', whose subspecies are responsible for diseases such as syphilis, bejel, and yaws. '' Treponema carateum'' is the cau ...

" Noda et al. 2018 Notes:
♦ Type strain lost or not available
The species '' Treponema hyodysenteriae'' and ''Treponema innocens'' have been reclassified into ''

Serpulina hyodysenteriae ''Brachyspira hyodysenteriae'', formerly ''Serpulina hyodysenteriae'' and other binomial names, is a species of bacteria. It is the causative agent of swine dysentery. References Spirochaetes {{Spirochaetae-stub ...

'' and ''

Serpulina innocens ''Brachyspira innocens'' is a species of bacteria. It is thought to be a commensal bacterium. References External linksBacterio entry

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q134745 Bacteria genera

Phylogeny

See also

References