''Treponema'' is a genus of
spiral-shaped bacteria. The major treponeme species of human pathogens is ''
Treponema pallidum
''Treponema pallidum'', formerly known as ''Spirochaeta pallida'', is a Microaerophile, microaerophilic, Gram-negative bacteria, gram-negative, spirochaete bacterium with subspecies that cause the diseases syphilis, bejel (also known as endemic ...
'', whose subspecies are responsible for diseases such as
syphilis
Syphilis () is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium ''Treponema pallidum'' subspecies ''pallidum''. The signs and symptoms depend on the stage it presents: primary, secondary, latent syphilis, latent or tertiary. The prim ...
,
bejel, and
yaws
Yaws is a tropical infection of the skin, bones, and joints caused by the spirochete bacterium ''Treponema pallidum pertenue''. The disease begins with a round, hard swelling of the skin, in diameter. The center may break open and form an ulc ...
. ''
Treponema carateum'' is the cause of
pinta.
''
Treponema paraluiscuniculi'' is associated with syphilis in
rabbit
Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae (which also includes the hares), which is in the order Lagomorpha (which also includes pikas). They are familiar throughout the world as a small herbivore, a prey animal, a domesticated ...
s.
''
Treponema succinifaciens'' has been found in the gut microbiome of traditional rural human populations.
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Phylogeny
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the
List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature
List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) is an online database that maintains information on the naming and taxonomy of prokaryotes, following the taxonomy requirements and rulings of the International Code of Nomenclatu ...
(LPSN)
and
National Center for Biotechnology Information
The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It is approved and funded by the government of the United States. The NCBI is lo ...
(NCBI).
Unassigned ''Treponema'' species:
* "''Ca.'' T. caballi"
Gilroy et al. 2022
* ''T. calligyrum''
Noguchi 1913
* ''
T. carateum''
Brumpt 1939 (
pinta-causing ''Treponema'')
* "''Ca.'' T. equi"
Gilroy et al. 2022 non (Novy & Napp 1906) Noguchi 1928
* "''Ca.'' T. equifaecale"
Gilroy et al. 2022
* "''Ca.'' T. intracellulare"
Ohkuma et al. 2015 corrig. Oren et al. 2020
* "''T. legeri''"
(Duboscq & Lebailly 1912) Zuelzer 1925
* "''T. macrodentium''"
Noguchi 1912
* "''Ca.'' T. merdequi"
Gilroy et al. 2022
* ''T. paraluisleporis''
Lumeij et al. 1994
* ''
T. pertenue''
(Castellani 1905) Castellani & Chalmers 1910
* ''T. refringens''
(Schaudinn and Hofmann 1905) Castellani and Chalmers
* "''Ca.'' T. scatequi"
Gilroy et al. 2022
* "''T. scoliodonta''"
(Hoffmann 1920) Noguchi 1928 ex Smibert 1984
* "''T. stenella''"
Balik et al. 2023
* "''Ca.'' T. suis"
Molbak et al. 2006 non Kujumgiev & Spassova 1967
* "''Ca.'' T. teratonymphae"
Noda et al. 2018
* "''T. trimerodonta''"
(Hoffmann 1920) Prévot 1940
The species ''
Treponema hyodysenteriae'' and ''Treponema innocens'' have been reclassified into ''
Brachyspira hyodysenteriae'' and ''
Brachyspira innocens''.
See also
*
List of bacteria genera
This article lists the genera of the bacteria
Bacteria (; : bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one Cell (biology), biological cell. They constitute a large domain (biology), domain of Prokaryote, ...
*
List of bacterial orders
This article lists the orders of the Bacteria. The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
and the phylogeny is based on 16 ...
References
{{Authority control
Bacteria genera