The Rolls-Royce Trent is a family of

high-bypass turbofan A turbofan or fanjet is a type of airbreathing jet engine that is widely used in aircraft propulsion. The word "turbofan" is a combination of references to the preceding generation engine technology of the turbojet and the additional fan stag ...

s produced by

Rolls-Royce Rolls-Royce (always hyphenated) may refer to: * Rolls-Royce Limited, a British manufacturer of cars and later aero engines, founded in 1906, now defunct Automobiles * Rolls-Royce Motor Cars, the current car manufacturing company incorporated in ...

. It continues the three spool architecture of the

RB211 The Rolls-Royce RB211 is a British family of high-bypass turbofan engines made by Rolls-Royce. The engines are capable of generating of thrust. The RB211 engine was the first production three-spool engine and turned Rolls-Royce from a signif ...

with a maximum thrust ranging from . Launched as the RB-211-524L in June 1988, the prototype first ran in August 1990. Its first variant is the

Trent 700 The Rolls-Royce Trent 700 is a high-bypass turbofan aircraft engine produced by Rolls-Royce plc to power the Airbus A330. Rolls-Royce was studying a RB211 development for the A330 at its launch in June 1987. It was first selected by Cathay ...

introduced on the

Airbus A330 The Airbus A330 is a wide-body airliner developed and produced by Airbus. Airbus began developing larger A300 derivatives in the mid–1970s, giving rise to the A330 twinjet as well as the Airbus A340 quadjet, and launched both designs along ...

in March 1995, then the

Trent 800 The Rolls-Royce Trent 800 is a high-bypass turbofan produced by Rolls-Royce plc, one of the engine options for the first-generation Boeing 777 variants, also known as 777 Classics. Launched in September 1991, it first ran in September 1993, wa ...

for the

Boeing 777 The Boeing 777, commonly referred to as the Triple Seven, is an American long-range wide-body airliner developed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. The 777 is the world's largest twinjet and the most-built wide-body airliner. ...

(1996), the

Trent 500 The Rolls-Royce Trent 500 is a high-bypass turbofan produced by Rolls-Royce to power the larger A340-500/600 variants. It was selected in June 1997, first ran in May 1999, first flew in June 2000, and achieved certification on 15 December 200 ...

for the

A340 The Airbus A340 is a long-range, wide-body passenger airliner that was developed and produced by Airbus. In the mid-1970s, Airbus conceived several derivatives of the A300, its first airliner, and developed the A340 quadjet in parallel wit ...

(2002), the

Trent 900 The Rolls-Royce Trent 900 is a high-bypass turbofan produced by Rolls-Royce plc to power the Airbus A380, competing with the Engine Alliance GP7000. Initially proposed for the Boeing 747#747-500X, -600X, and -700X, Boeing 747-500/600X in July ...

for the A380 (2007), the

Trent 1000 The Rolls-Royce Trent 1000 is a high-bypass turbofan engine produced by Rolls-Royce, one of the two engine options for the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, competing with the General Electric GEnx. It first ran on 14 February 2006 and first flew on 18 ...

for the

Boeing 787 The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is an American wide-body airliner developed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. After dropping its unconventional Sonic Cruiser project, Boeing announced the conventional 7E7 on January 29, 2003, wh ...

(2011), the

Trent XWB The Rolls-Royce Trent XWB is a high-bypass turbofan produced by Rolls-Royce Holdings. In July 2006, the Trent XWB was selected to exclusively power the Airbus A350. The first engine was run on 14 June 2010, it first flew on an A380 testbed on ...

for the

A350 The Airbus A350 is a flight length, long-range, wide-body twin-engine airliner developed and produced by Airbus. The initial A350 design proposed in 2004, in response to the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, would have been a development of the Airbu ...

(2015), and the

Trent 7000 The Rolls-Royce Trent 7000 is a high-bypass turbofan engine produced by Rolls-Royce, an iteration of the Trent family exclusively powering the Airbus A330neo. Announced on 14 July 2014, and first run on 27 November 2015. Its maiden flight was ...

for the

A330neo The Airbus A330neo ("neo" for " New Engine Option") is a wide-body airliner developed by Airbus from the original Airbus A330 (now A330''ceo'' – "Current Engine Option"). A new version with modern engines comparable with those developed for ...

(2018). It also has marine and industrial variants such as the RR MT30.

Development

Despite the success of the RB211, Rolls-Royce's share of the large civil

turbofan A turbofan or fanjet is a type of airbreathing jet engine that is widely used in aircraft engine, aircraft propulsion. The word "turbofan" is a combination of references to the preceding generation engine technology of the turbojet and the add ...

market was only 8% when it was privatised in April 1987, the market being dominated by

General Electric General Electric Company (GE) was an American Multinational corporation, multinational Conglomerate (company), conglomerate founded in 1892, incorporated in the New York (state), state of New York and headquartered in Boston. Over the year ...

and

Pratt & Whitney Pratt & Whitney is an American aerospace manufacturer with global service operations. It is a subsidiary of RTX Corporation (formerly Raytheon Technologies). Pratt & Whitney's aircraft engines are widely used in both civil aviation (especially ...

. In June 1987, Rolls-Royce was studying whether to launch a thrust variant of the RB211, to be called the RB211-700, for the

twin-jet, the long-range

Boeing 767 The Boeing 767 is an American wide-body airliner developed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. The aircraft was launched as the 7X7 program on July 14, 1978, the prototype first flew on September 26, 1981, and it was certified ...

and the MD-11, derived from the 747-400's -524D4D, with growth potential to . By June 1988, Rolls-Royce was investing over $540 million to develop the uprated RB-211-524L with a new fan (up from ) for the -524G/H and a fourth LP turbine stage up from three, targeting . At the September 1988

Farnborough Airshow The Farnborough International Airshow is a trade exhibition for the aerospace and defence industries, where civilian and military aircraft are demonstrated to potential customers and investors in Farnborough, Hampshire. Since its first show in ...

, the -524L development was confirmed, estimated at £300 million, to power the MD-11 and A330 as a full-scale model was unveiled by

Frank Whittle Air Commodore Sir Frank Whittle, (1 June 1907 – 8 August 1996) was an English engineer, inventor and Royal Air Force (RAF) air officer. He is credited with co-creating the turbojet engine. A patent was submitted by Maxime Guillaume in 1921 fo ...

. In June 1989, the RB211-524L Trent was confirmed for the A330, rated at . Rated at for the MD-11, the Trent made its first run on 27 August 1990 in

Derby Derby ( ) is a City status in the United Kingdom, city and Unitary authorities of England, unitary authority area on the River Derwent, Derbyshire, River Derwent in Derbyshire, England. Derbyshire is named after Derby, which was its original co ...

. By September 1992, the Trent 600 for the MD-11 was abandoned and prototypes were rebuilt as

engines for the A330 with a fan. The UK government granted Rolls-Royce £450 million of repayable launch investment, repaid with interest, to develop the RB.211 engine and the Trent family up to the

. Rolls-Royce obtained £200 million for the Trent 8104, 500 and 600 variants in 1997, and £250 million for the Trent 600 and 900 variants in 2001. New proposed planes required higher thrust and customers wanted the Boeing 777 and Airbus A330

twinjet A twinjet or twin-engine jet is a jet aircraft powered by two jet engine, engines. A twinjet is able to fly well enough to land with a single working engine, making it safer than a single-engine aircraft in the event of failure of an engine. F ...

s to fly Extended-range Twin-engine Operations at introduction. Rolls-Royce decided to offer an engine for every large civil airliner, based on a common core to lower development costs, and the three-shaft design provided flexibility, allowing each spool to be individually scaled. In keeping with Rolls-Royce's tradition of naming its jet engines after rivers, the engine family is named after the

River Trent The Trent is the third Longest rivers of the United Kingdom, longest river in the United Kingdom. Its Source (river or stream), source is in Staffordshire, on the southern edge of Biddulph Moor. It flows through and drains the North Midlands ...

the Midlands The Midlands is the central region of England, to the south of Northern England, to the north of southern England, to the east of Wales, and to the west of the North Sea. The Midlands comprises the ceremonial counties of Derbyshire, Herefords ...

England England is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is located on the island of Great Britain, of which it covers about 62%, and List of islands of England, more than 100 smaller adjacent islands. It ...

, a name previously used for the RB.50, Rolls-Royce's first working

turboprop A turboprop is a Gas turbine, gas turbine engine that drives an aircraft Propeller (aeronautics), propeller. A turboprop consists of an intake, reduction drive, reduction gearbox, gas compressor, compressor, combustor, turbine, and a propellin ...

engine; and the 1960s RB.203, a bypass turbofan and the first three-spool engine, designed to replace the Spey but never introduced. In 2019, Rolls-Royce delivered 510 Trent engines.

Design

Like its RB211 predecessor, the Trent uses a concentric three-spool design rather than a two-spool configuration. The Trent family keeps a similar layout, but each spool can be individually scaled and can rotate more closely to its optimal speed. The core noise levels and exhaust emissions are lower than those of the RB211. Hollow

titanium Titanium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ti and atomic number 22. Found in nature only as an oxide, it can be reduced to produce a lustrous transition metal with a silver color, low density, and high strength, resistant to corrosion in ...

fan blades with an internal Warren-girder structure achieve strength, stiffness and damage tolerance at low weight. To operate in temperatures above their

melting point The melting point (or, rarely, liquefaction point) of a substance is the temperature at which it changes state of matter, state from solid to liquid. At the melting point the solid and liquid phase (matter), phase exist in Thermodynamic equilib ...

, cooling air is bled from the compressor through laser-drilled holes in the hollow

turbine blade ...

s, made from a

single crystal In materials science, a single crystal (or single-crystal solid or monocrystalline solid) is a material in which the crystal lattice of the entire sample is continuous and unbroken to the edges of the sample, with no Grain boundary, grain bound ...

of a

nickel Nickel is a chemical element; it has symbol Ni and atomic number 28. It is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. Nickel is a hard and ductile transition metal. Pure nickel is chemically reactive, but large pieces are slo ...

alloy and covered by

thermal barrier coating Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are advanced materials systems usually applied to metallic surfaces on parts operating at elevated temperatures, such as gas turbine combustors and turbines, and in automotive exhaust heat management. These 100 ...

s. Each

turbine blade ...

removes up to from the gas stream. In April 1998, the RB211-524HT was introduced for the 747-400 with the

core, replacing the previous RB211-524G/H with 2% better TSFC, up to a 40% lower NOx emissions and a 50 °C cooler turbine. The

LP spool rotates at 3300

rpm Revolutions per minute (abbreviated rpm, RPM, rev/min, r/min, or r⋅min−1) is a unit of rotational speed (or rotational frequency) for rotating machines. One revolution per minute is equivalent to hertz. Standards ISO 80000-3:2019 def ...

, its diameter fan tip travels at m/s. The

's fan keeps a low mean jet velocity at take-off to lower the

Airbus A380 The Airbus A380 is a very large wide-body airliner, developed and produced by Airbus until 2021. It is the world's largest passenger airliner and the only full-length double-deck jet airliner. Airbus studies started in 1988, and the pr ...

's noise.

Variants

First Trent 600

At the

McDonnell Douglas MD-11 The McDonnell Douglas MD-11 is an American trijet wide-body aircraft, wide-body airliner manufactured by American manufacturer McDonnell Douglas (MDC) and later by Boeing. Following McDonnell Douglas DC-10, DC-10 development studies, the MD-11 ...

programme launch at the end of 1986, the airframe was only offered with

GE CF6 The General Electric CF6, US military designations F103 and F138, is a family of high-bypass turbofan engines produced by GE Aviation. Based on the TF39, the first high-power high-bypass jet engine, the CF6 powers a wide variety of civilian a ...

-80C2 or

PW4000 The Pratt & Whitney PW4000 is a family of dual-spool, axial-flow An axial compressor is a gas compressor that can continuously pressurize gases. It is a rotating, airfoil-based compressor in which the gas or working fluid principally flows ...

engines, however Rolls-Royce was preparing to propose the 747-400's

-524D4D rated at . By June 1988, Rolls-Royce was investing over $540 million to develop the uprated RB-211-524L with a new fan (up from ) for the -524G/H and a fourth LP turbine stage up from three, targeting . Rated at , the Trent made its first run on 27 August 1990 in

. By July 1991, the MD-11 Trent was abandoned after the demise of Air Europe, its only customer. By February 1992, there were four Trent 600 engines with a fan. By September 1992, three had been rebuilt as

engines for the A330 with a fan.

Trent 700

Rolls-Royce was studying a

development for the

at its launch in June 1987. The

was first selected by

Cathay Pacific Cathay Pacific Airways Limited, or simply Cathay Pacific, is the flag carrier of Hong Kong, with its head office and main airline hub, hub located at Hong Kong International Airport. The airline's operations and its subsidiaries have schedule ...

in April 1989, first ran in summer 1992, was certified in January 1994 and put into service in March 1995. Keeping the characteristic three-shaft architecture of the RB211, it is the first variant of the Trent family. With its fan for a 5:1

bypass ratio The bypass ratio (BPR) of a turbofan engine is the ratio between the mass flow rate of the bypass stream to the mass flow rate entering the core. A 10:1 bypass ratio, for example, means that 10 kg of air passes through the bypass duct for eve ...

, it produces of

thrust Thrust is a reaction force described quantitatively by Newton's third law. When a system expels or accelerates mass in one direction, the accelerated mass will cause a force of equal magnitude but opposite direction to be applied to that ...

and reaches an

overall pressure ratio In aeronautical engineering, overall pressure ratio, or overall compression ratio, is the amount of times the pressure increases due to ram compression and the work done by the compressor stages. The compressor pressure ratio is the ratio of the ...

of 36:1. It competes with the

-80E1 and the

to power the A330.

Trent 800

The

is one of the engine options for the early

variants. Launched in September 1991, it first ran in September 1993, was granted

EASA The European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) is an agency of the European Commission with responsibility for civil aviation safety in the European Union. It carries out certification, regulation and standardisation and also performs inve ...

certification on 27 January 1995, and entered service in 1996. It reached a 40% market share, ahead of the competing

and

GE90 The General Electric GE90 is a family of high-bypass turbofan aircraft engines built by GE Aerospace for the Boeing 777, with thrust ratings from . It entered service with British Airways in November 1995. It is one of three engines for the 77 ...

, and the last Trent 800-powered 777 was delivered in 2010. The Trent 800 has the Trent family three shaft architecture, with a fan. With a 6.4:1 bypass ratio and an overall pressure ratio reaching 40.7:1, it generates up to of

Trent 8100

In the early

studies in 1990, Rolls-Royce forecast a growth potential from with a new HP core. By March 1997, Boeing studied 777-200X/300X growth derivatives for a September 2000 introduction: GE was proposing a GE90-102B, while P&W offered its PW4098 and Rolls-Royce was proposing a Trent 8100. Rolls-Royce was also investigating another variant, the Trent 8102, which would produce over of thrust. By December 1997, the -300X grew to . The Trent 8104 design was to be completed by June 1998, while the -200X entry into service slipped to mid-2002. Higher thrust was obtained with new swept fan blades while keeping a fan. The Trent 8104 first ran on 16 December 1998, and exceeded of thrust five days later, before two other engines would join by mid-1999. The swept fan blades produce 2–3% more flow at a given speed with the same fan, for an additional of thrust, while fan efficiency is 1% better. The HP compressor rotors and stators and the IP compressor stators were designed with 3D

aerodynamics Aerodynamics () is the study of the motion of atmosphere of Earth, air, particularly when affected by a solid object, such as an airplane wing. It involves topics covered in the field of fluid dynamics and its subfield of gas dynamics, and is an ...

. As the 777-200X/300X grew to a MTOW of , thrust requirements drifted to . The fan diameter was to reach to increase the thrust. By June 1999, the 8104 served as a basis for the proposed Trent 8115, with a scaled core by 2.5% geometrically and 5% aerodynamically and a fan enlarged from , while keeping the Trent 800 architecture: an eight-stage IP compressor and a six-stage HP compressor both driven by a single-stage turbine, and a five-stage LP turbine. In July 1999, Boeing selected the

General Electric GE90 The General Electric GE90 is a family of High-bypass turbofan engine, high-bypass turbofan aircraft engines built by GE Aerospace for the Boeing 777, with thrust ratings from . It entered service with British Airways in November 1995. It is one ...

over the Trent 8115 and P&W offer to exclusively power the longer-range 777s, as GE offered to substantially finance the airframe's development, for around $100 million. Rolls-Royce later dropped the Trent 8115 but continued to work on the Trent 8104 as a technology demonstrator.

Trent 500

The

exclusively powers the larger A340-500/600 variants. It was selected in June 1997, first ran in May 1999, first flew in June 2000, and achieved certification on 15 December 2000. It entered service in July 2002 and 524 engines were delivered on-wing until the A340 production ended in 2011. Keeping the three spool architecture of the Trent family, it has the

's fan and a

core scaled down. It produces up to of thrust at take-off and has a bypass ratio up to 8.5:1 in cruise.

Trent 900

The

powers the

, competing with the

Engine Alliance GP7000 The Engine Alliance GP7000 is a turbofan jet engine manufactured by Engine Alliance, a joint venture between General Electric and Pratt & Whitney. It is one of the powerplant options available for the Airbus A380, along with the Rolls-Royce Tre ...

. Initially proposed for the Boeing 747-500/600X in July 1996, this first application was later abandoned but it was offered for the A3XX, launched as the A380 in December 2000. It first ran on 18 March 2003, made its maiden flight on 17 May 2004 on an

testbed, and was certified by the

on 29 October 2004. Producing up to , the Trent 900 has the same three shaft architecture of the Trent family with a fan. It has an 8.5–8.7:1

and a 37–39:1

Second Trent 600

In March 2000, Boeing was to launch the longer range 767-400ERX powered by engines, with deliveries planned for 2004. In July, Rolls-Royce was to supply its Trent 600 for the 767-400ERX and Boeing 747X, while the

European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational union, supranational political union, political and economic union of Member state of the European Union, member states that are Geography of the European Union, located primarily in Europe. The u ...

was limiting the

Engine Alliance The Engine Alliance (EA) is an American aircraft engine manufacturer based in East Hartford, Connecticut. The company is a 50/50 joint venture between GE Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney, a subsidiary of RTX. Engine Alliance was established in A ...

offer on quadjets. The Trent 600 was scaled from the Trent 500 with a swept fan diameter raised to for a higher bypass ratio and lower fuel burn. Boeing offered the longer-range 767-400ERX with a higher MTOW and a higher thrust for better takeoff performance. The 767-400ERX was dropped in 2001 to favour the Sonic Cruiser. When Boeing launched the

747-8 The Boeing 747-8 is the final series of the large, long-range wide-body airliners in the Boeing 747 family from Boeing Commercial Airplanes. It is the largest model variant of the 747 and Boeing's largest aircraft overall. Following the intro ...

in November 2005, it was exclusively powered by the

General Electric GEnx The General Electric GEnx ("General Electric Next-generation") is an advanced dual rotor, axial flow, high-bypass turbofan jet engine in production by GE Aerospace for the Boeing 747-8 and Boeing 787, 787. The GEnx succeeded the General Electri ...

Trent 1000

The

Rolls-Royce Trent 1000 The Rolls-Royce Trent 1000 is a high-bypass turbofan engine produced by Rolls-Royce, one of the two engine options for the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, competing with the General Electric GEnx. It first ran on 14 February 2006 and first flew on ...

is one of the two engine options for the

Boeing 787 Dreamliner The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is an American wide-body airliner developed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. After dropping its unconventional Sonic Cruiser project, Boeing announced the conventional 7E7 on January 29, 2003, wh ...

, competing with the

. It first ran on 14 February 2006 and first flew on 18 June 2007 before a joint EASA/FAA certification on 7 August 2007 and service introduction on 26 October 2011. The engine has a bypass ratio over 10:1, a fan and keeps the characteristic three-spool layout of the Trent series. The updated Trent 1000 TEN with technology from the

and the Advance3 aims for up to 3% better fuel burn. It first ran in mid-2014, was EASA certified in July 2016, first flew on a 787 on 7 December 2016 and was introduced on 23 November 2017.

Corrosion Corrosion is a natural process that converts a refined metal into a more chemically stable oxide. It is the gradual deterioration of materials (usually a metal) by chemical or electrochemical reaction with their environment. Corrosion engine ...

-related fatigue cracking of IP turbine blades was discovered in early 2016, grounding up to 44 aircraft and costing Rolls-Royce at least £ million. By early 2018 it had a % market share of the confirmed order book. The

is a version with

bleed air Bleed air in aerospace engineering is compressed air taken from the compressor stage of a gas turbine, upstream of its fuel-burning sections. Automatic air supply and cabin pressure controller (ASCPC) valves bleed air from low or high stage engine ...

used for the

Airbus A330neo The Airbus A330neo ("neo" for " New Engine Option") is a wide-body airliner developed by Airbus from the original Airbus A330 (now A330''ceo'' – "Current Engine Option"). A new version with modern engines comparable with those developed fo ...

Trent 1500

When the MTOW

A340-600 The Airbus A340 is a long-haul, long-range, wide-body passenger airliner that was developed and produced by Airbus. In the mid-1970s, Airbus conceived several derivatives of the Airbus A300, A300, its first airliner, and developed the A340 qu ...

HGW first flew in November 2005, Airbus was studying an enhanced version of the larger A340 variants to enter service in 2011. It would better compete with the

777-300ER The Boeing 777, commonly referred to as the Triple Seven, is an American long-range wide-body airliner developed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. The 777 is the world's largest twinjet and the most-built wide-body airliner. ...

and its 8–9% lower fuel burn than the A340-600: improved

or Trent 1500 engines would erode this by 6–7%. The Trent 1500 would keep the Trent 500's fan diameter and

nacelle A nacelle ( ) is a streamlined container for aircraft parts such as Aircraft engine, engines, fuel or equipment. When attached entirely outside the airframe, it is sometimes called a pod, in which case it is attached with a Hardpoint#Pylon, pylo ...

, with the smaller, advanced

core and a revised LP turbine for a bypass ratio increased from 7.5–7.6:1 to 9.5:1. The last A340 was delivered in 2011 as it was replaced by the updated

A350XWB A35 or A-35 may refer to: * A-35 anti-ballistic missile system, a system deployed around Moscow, currently upgraded to the A-135 system * Aero A.35, a Czech airliner of the 1930s * Archambault A35, a French sailboat design * Archambault A35R, a Fren ...

design.

Trent XWB

The

was selected in July 2006 to exclusively power the

Airbus A350 XWB The Airbus A350 is a flight length, long-range, wide-body twin-engine airliner developed and produced by Airbus. The initial A350 design proposed in 2004, in response to the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, would have been a development of the Airbu ...

. The first engine was run on 14 June 2010, it first flew on an

testbed on 18 February 2012, was certified in early 2013, and first flew on an A350 on 14 June 2013. It keeps the characteristic three-shaft layout of the Trent, with a fan, an IP and HP spool. The XWB-84 generates up to of thrust and the XWB-97 up to . The engine has a 9.6:1 bypass ratio and a 50:1 pressure ratio. It had its first in-flight shutdown on 11 September 2018, as the fleet accumulated 2.2 million flight hours. It is the most powerful among all Trent engines.

Trent 7000

The

Rolls-Royce Trent 7000 The Rolls-Royce Trent 7000 is a high-bypass turbofan engine produced by Rolls-Royce, an iteration of the Trent family exclusively powering the Airbus A330neo. Announced on 14 July 2014, and first run on 27 November 2015. Its maiden flight wa ...

exclusively powers the

. Announced on 14 July 2014, it first ran on 27 November 2015, made its first flight on 19 October 2017 aboard on an A330neo, received its EASA

type certification A type certificate signifies the airworthiness of a particular category of aircraft, according to its manufacturing design (''type design''). Certification confirms that the aircraft of a new type intended for serial production is in compliance w ...

on 20 July 2018 as a

variant, was first delivered on 26 November, and was cleared for ETOPS 330 by 20 December. Compared to the A330's

, the engine doubles the bypass ratio to 10:1 and halves emitted noise. Pressure ratio is increased to 50:1 and it has a fan and a

system.

Fuel consumption A fuel is any material that can be made to react with other substances so that it releases energy as thermal energy or to be used for work. The concept was originally applied solely to those materials capable of releasing chemical energy but ...

is improved by 11%.

Non-aircraft variants

MT30 (Marine Turbine)

The MT30 (Marine Turbine) is a derivative of the Trent 800 (with a Trent 500 gearbox fitted), producing 36 MW for maritime applications. The current version is a

turboshaft A turboshaft engine is a form of gas turbine that is optimized to produce shaft horsepower rather than jet thrust. In concept, turboshaft engines are very similar to turbojets, with additional turbine expansion to extract heat energy from the ex ...

engine, producing 36 MW, using the Trent 800 core to drive a power turbine which takes power to an electrical generator or to mechanical drives such as waterjets or propellers. Amongst others, it powers the

Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the naval warfare force of the United Kingdom. It is a component of His Majesty's Naval Service, and its officers hold their commissions from the King of the United Kingdom, King. Although warships were used by Kingdom ...

's s.

Industrial Trent 60 Gas Turbine

This derivative is designed for power generation and mechanical drive, much like the Marine Trent. It delivers up to 66 MW of electricity at 42% efficiency. It comes in two key versions DLE (Dry Low Emission) and WLE (Wet Low Emission). The WLE is water injected, allowing it to produce 58 MW at ISO conditions instead of 52 MW. It shares components with the Trent 700 and 800. The heat from the exhaust, some 416–433 °C, can be used to heat water and drive steam turbines, improving efficiency of the package. Besides Rolls-Royce, the Trent 60 is also packaged by UK-based Centrax LTD, a privately owned engineering firm based in Newton Abbot, UK.

Operational history

First run in August 1990 as the model

, the Trent has achieved significant commercial success, having been selected as the launch engine for all three of the 787 variants (

), the A380 (

) and the A350 (

). Its overall share of the markets in which it competes is around 40%. Sales of the Trent family of engines have made Rolls-Royce the second biggest supplier of large civil turbofans after

, relegating rival

to third position. By June 2019, the Trent family had completed over 125 million hours.

British Airways British Airways plc (BA) is the flag carrier of the United Kingdom. It is headquartered in London, England, near its main Airline hub, hub at Heathrow Airport. The airline is the second largest UK-based carrier, based on fleet size and pass ...

and

Thai Airways Thai Airways International plc () is the flag carrier airline of Thailand. Formed in 1961 as a joint venture between Scandinavian Airlines, SAS and Thai Airways Company, the airline has its corporate headquarters in Vibhavadi Rangsit Road, Chat ...

are currently the largest operator of Trents, with four variants in service or on order, followed by

Singapore Airlines Singapore Airlines (abbreviation: SIA or SQ) is the flag carrier of Singapore with its Airline hub, hub located at Changi Airport. Considered to be one of the world's best carriers, the airline is ranked as a 5-star airline as well as ranked ...

and

with three variants in service.

Incidents

On 17 January 2008, a

Boeing 777-236ER, operating as Flight 38 from Beijing to London, crash-landed at

Heathrow Airport Heathrow Airport , also colloquially known as London Heathrow Airport and named ''London Airport'' until 1966, is the primary and largest international airport serving London, the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdo ...

after both Trent 800 engines lost power during the aircraft's final approach. The subsequent investigation found that ice released from the fuel system had accumulated on the fuel-oil heat exchanger, leading to a restriction of fuel flow to the engines. This resulted in Airworthiness Directives mandating the replacement of the heat exchanger. This order was extended to the 500 and 700 series engines after a similar loss of power was observed on one engine of an Airbus A330 in one incident, and both engines in another. The modification involves replacing a face plate with many small protruding tubes with one that is flat. On 4 November 2010, a

Qantas Qantas ( ), formally Qantas Airways Limited, is the flag carrier of Australia, and the largest airline by fleet size, international flights, and international destinations in Australia and List of largest airlines in Oceania, Oceania. A foundi ...

Airbus A380-842 (Registration VH-OQA), operating as Flight 32 en route from Singapore to Sydney, suffered an

uncontained engine failure A turbine engine failure occurs when a Gas turbine, gas turbine engine unexpectedly stops producing Power (physics), power due to a malfunction other than fuel exhaustion. It often applies for aircraft, but other turbine engines can also fail, ...

(explosion) in one of its four Trent 972-84. The cause was traced to an incorrectly manufactured oil feed stub pipe cracking and causing a turbine disc to overspeed and fracture. In the aftermath of the incident, Qantas, Lufthansa and Singapore Airlines replaced their affected engines. Rolls Royce would pay a $104m settlement to Qantas, and introduce safeguards including a software fix to shut down the engine during an overspeed event.

Research

Affordable Near-Term Low Emissions

Between 1 March 2000 and 28 February 2005, the EU funded the project, aiming to design and test two strategies to reduce by 12–20% and nitrous oxides by up to 80% from 2007/2008, with an overall budget of €101.6 Million including €50.9 from the EU and coordinated by

Rolls-Royce plc Rolls-Royce Holdings plc is a British multinational aerospace and defence company incorporated in February 2011. The company owns Rolls-Royce, a business established in 1904 which today designs, manufactures and distributes power systems for ...

. It was equally shared between the demonstrator and the CLEAN programme for longer term technology applications. The ANTLE programme targeted reductions of 12% in emissions, 60% in emissions, 20% in acquisition cost, 30% in life cycle cost and 50% in development cycle, while improving reliability by 60%. The test phase ended by summer 2005. The ANTLE engine was based on a

Rolls-Royce Trent 500 The Rolls-Royce Trent 500 is a high-bypass turbofan produced by Rolls-Royce to power the larger A340-500/600 variants. It was selected in June 1997, first ran in May 1999, first flew in June 2000, and achieved certification on 15 December 20 ...

Rolls-Royce Deutschland Rolls-Royce Deutschland is a subsidiary of British aircraft engine maker Rolls-Royce plc. Its primarily facilities are located at Dahlewitz outside Berlin and Motorenfabrik Oberursel at Oberursel near Frankfurt am Main. The company was ...

was responsible for the high pressure compressor, Rolls-Royce UK for the combustion chamber and the high pressure turbine, Italian

Avio Avio S.p.A. is an Italian company operating in the aerospace sector with its head office in Colleferro near Rome, Italy. Founded in 1908, it is present in Italy and abroad with different commercial offices and 10 production sites. Avio operate ...

for the intermediate pressure turbine, and ITP for the Low Pressure Turbine (LPT) and the external casing for an investment of €20.5 million, a 20% stake in the programme.

Volvo Aero Volvo Aero was a Swedish aircraft engine, aircraft, guided missiles and rocket engine manufacturer. It became ''GKN Aerospace Engine Systems'' following the company's acquisition by British engineering conglomerate GKN during 2012. It was ori ...

was responsible for the rear turbine structures. It has a new 5 stage HP

compressor A compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume. An air compressor is a specific type of gas compressor. Many compressors can be staged, that is, the gas is compressed several times in steps o ...

, a lean burn combustor and unshrouded HP

turbine A turbine ( or ) (from the Greek , ''tyrbē'', or Latin ''turbo'', meaning vortex) is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work. The work produced can be used for generating electrical ...

and a variable-geometry IP turbine. Hispano Suiza's new accessory gearbox, Goodrich's new distributed control system, and Techspace Aero's new oil system were also fitted.

Advanced Low-Pressure System (ALPS)

After flight tests in 2014 of CTi fan blades with a titanium leading edge and carbon casing, they had indoor and outdoor tests in 2017, including

crosswind A crosswind is any wind that has a perpendicular component to the line or direction of travel. This affects the aerodynamics of many forms of transport. Moving non- parallel to the wind direction creates a crosswind component on the object and t ...

, noise and tip clearance studies, flutter mapping, performance and

icing conditions In aeronautics, icing is the atmospheric icing, formation of water ice on an aircraft. Icing has resulted in numerous aviation accidents and incidents, fatal accidents in aviation history. Ice accretion and accumulation can affect the external s ...

trials. In late 2018 Rolls-Royce has ground tested its ALPS demonstrator: a

fitted with composite fan blades and case, including

bird strike A bird strike (sometimes called birdstrike, bird ingestion (for an engine), bird hit, or bird aircraft strike hazard (BASH)) is a collision between an airborne animal (usually a bird or bat) and a moving vehicle (usually an aircraft). The term ...

trials.

Advance

On 26 February 2014, Rolls-Royce detailed its Trent future developments. The Advance is the first design, which could be ready from the end of the 2020s and aims to offer at least 20% better fuel burn than the first generation of Trents. The Advance

should exceed 11:1 and its

60:1. In previous Trents, the HP spool was similar in all models and the engine grew by increasing the intermediate pressure spool's work. The Advance reverses this trend and the load is shifted towards the high pressure spool, with a greater pressure ratio, up to 10 compressor stages compared to 6 on the Trent XWB and a two-stage turbine replacing the current single-stage. The IP compressor will shrink from the 8 stages of today's XWB to 4 and the IP turbine will be single- rather than of two stages. The Advance3 ground-based demonstrator includes

lean burn Lean-burn refers to the burning of fuel with an excess of air in an internal combustion engine. In lean-burn engines the air–fuel ratio may be as lean as 65:1 (by mass). The air:fuel ratio needed to stoichiometry, stoichiometrically combust gas ...

, run before on a Trent architecture only;

ceramic matrix composite In materials science ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are a subgroup of composite materials and a subgroup of ceramics. They consist of ceramic fibers embedded in a ceramic Matrix (composite), matrix. The fibers and the matrix both can consist o ...

(CMC) for turbine high-temperature capability in the first stage seal segments and cast-bond first stage vanes; hybrid

ball bearing A ball bearing is a type of rolling-element bearing that uses balls to maintain the separation between the bearing races. The purpose of a ball bearing is to reduce rotational friction and support radial and axial loads. It achieves this ...

s with ceramic rollers running on metallic races, required to manage high load environments inside smaller cores. Opened in 2016, R-R's $30 million CMC facility in

California California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an ...

produced its first parts, seals, for the start of their deployment before being used in the static components of the second-stage HP turbine. The twin fuel-distribution system in the lean-burn combustor adds complexity with a sophisticated control and switching system and doubles the pipework but should improve fuel consumption and reduce emissions. Hybrid ceramic bearings are newly configured to deal with loading changes and will cope with higher temperatures. More variable vanes in one IP and four HP compressor stages will be optimised for constant changes through the

flight envelope In aerodynamics, the flight envelope, service envelope, or performance envelope of an aircraft or spacecraft refers to the capabilities of a design in terms of airspeed and load factor or atmospheric density, often simplified to altitude. The ...

. An air pipe is produced by

additive manufacturing 3D printing, or additive manufacturing, is the construction of a three-dimensional object from a CAD model or a digital 3D model. It can be done in a variety of processes in which material is deposited, joined or solidified under computer ...

and prototype components come from new suppliers. The Advance3 will survey bearing load, water ingestion, noise sources and their mitigation, heat and combustor rumble while blade-tip, internal clearances and adaptive control operation are

radiograph Radiography is an imaging technique using X-rays, gamma rays, or similar ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation to view the internal form of an object. Applications of radiography include medical ("diagnostic" radiography and "therapeu ...

ed in-motion to verify the thermo-mechanical modelling. The

Boeing New Midsize Airplane The New Midsize Airplane (NMA), or New Midsize Aircraft, (culturally referred to as the Boeing 797) is a concept airliner proposed by Boeing to fill the middle of the market segment. In 2015, Boeing determined the market was large enough to la ...

needs falls in its thrust range. Advanced cooled metallic components and ceramic matrix composite parts will be tested in a late 2018 demonstrator based on a Trent XWB-97 within the high temperature turbine technology (HT3) initiative. The core will be combined with a Trent XWB-84 fan and a Trent 1000 LP turbine for mid-2017 ground testing. The Advance3 demonstrator was sent from the

Bristol Bristol () is a City status in the United Kingdom, cathedral city, unitary authority area and ceremonial county in South West England, the most populous city in the region. Built around the River Avon, Bristol, River Avon, it is bordered by t ...

production facility to the

test stand in July 2017 to be evaluated until early 2018. The demonstrator began initial runs at Derby in November 2017. In early 2018, the demonstrator attained 90% core power, reaching a P30 pressure at the rear of the compressor, while measuring bearing loads, changed by the different compressor arrangement. The lean burn combustor did not generate any rumble as further tests will cover water ingestion,

noise Noise is sound, chiefly unwanted, unintentional, or harmful sound considered unpleasant, loud, or disruptive to mental or hearing faculties. From a physics standpoint, there is no distinction between noise and desired sound, as both are vibrat ...

X-ray An X-ray (also known in many languages as Röntgen radiation) is a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than those of ultraviolet rays and longer than those of gamma rays. Roughly, X-rays have a wavelength ran ...

s of the engine operating, and core-zone and hot-end thermal surveys. By July 2018, the Advance3 core ran at full power. By early 2019, the engine had run over 100 hours.

Advanced low-emission combustion system (ALECSys)

A standalone engine will test the ALECSys on ground before another will be flight tested. Indoor ground tests of the lean-burn combustor were concluded on a modified Trent 1000 in January 2018, before being sent to

Manitoba Manitoba is a Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada at the Centre of Canada, longitudinal centre of the country. It is Canada's Population of Canada by province and territory, fifth-most populous province, with a population ...

for cold-weather trials in February 2018, covering start-ups and

ice Ice is water that is frozen into a solid state, typically forming at or below temperatures of 0 ° C, 32 ° F, or 273.15 K. It occurs naturally on Earth, on other planets, in Oort cloud objects, and as interstellar ice. As a naturally oc ...

ingestion. Noise testing will follow on an outside rig, then flight tests in the next couple of years after 2018.

UltraFan

The UltraFan is a

geared turbofan The geared turbofan is a type of turbofan aircraft engine with a planetary gearbox between the low pressure compressor / turbine and the fan, enabling each to spin at its optimum speed. The benefit of the design is lower fuel consumption and m ...

with a

variable pitch fan A variable pitch fan is similar in concept to that of a variable-pitch propeller and involves progressively reducing the pitch (or blade angle) of the fan on a turbofan as the engine is throttled. Although variable pitch fans are used in some in ...

system that promises at least 25% efficiency improvement. The UltraFan aims for a 15:1 bypass ratio and 70:1 overall pressure ratio. The Ultrafan keeps the Advance core, but also contains a geared turbofan architecture with variable-pitch fan blades. The fan varies pitch to optimise for each flight phase, eliminating the need for a

thrust reverser Thrust reversal, also called reverse thrust, is the temporary diversion of an aircraft engine's thrust for it to act against the forward travel of the aircraft, providing deceleration. Thrust reverser systems are featured on many jet aircraft to ...

. Rolls-Royce planned to use

carbon composite Carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (American English), carbon-fibre-reinforced polymers (Commonwealth English), carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics, carbon-fiber reinforced-thermoplastic (CFRP, CRP, CFRTP), also known as carbon fiber, carbon compo ...

fan blades instead of its usual hollow titanium blades. The combination was expected to reduce weight by per engine. The variable pitch fan facilitates low pressure ratio fan operability. Rolls-Royce worked with

Industria de Turbo Propulsores ITP Aero (Industria de Turbo Propulsores) is a Spanish aero engine and gas turbine manufacturer. It was established in 1989 as a joint venture between Spanish engineering conglomerate SENER and Rolls-Royce Plc. By 2015, it had grown to become a ...

to test

ion plating Ion plating (IP) is a physical vapor deposition (PVD) process that is sometimes called ''ion assisted deposition'' (IAD) or ''ion vapor deposition'' (IVD) and is a modified version of ''vacuum deposition''. Ion plating uses concurrent or periodi ...

(IP) turbine blade technologies. In Dahlewitz near Berlin, Rolls-Royce built a power rig simulating loading conditions in flight, sized for gear systems; and recruited 200 engineers. The ratio of the initial test gear will approach 4:1 and thrust could be up to . The test rig is an €84 million ($94 million) investment. In partnership with

Liebherr Liebherr () is a German-Swiss multinational corporation, multinational equipment manufacturer based in Bulle, Switzerland, with its main production facilities and origins in Germany. Liebherr consists of over 130 companies organized into 11 divi ...

, the UltraFan gearbox was first run in October 2016. After the initial set of low-speed fan rig tests and the casting of second-generation

titanium aluminide Titanium aluminide (chemical formula TiAl), commonly gamma titanium, is an intermetallic chemical compound. It is lightweight and resistant to oxidation and heat, but has low ductility. The density of γ-TiAl is about 4.0 g/cm3. It finds use in s ...

IP turbine blades, the initial UltraFan demonstrator concept design was to be frozen in 2017. Tests simulated aircraft pitch and roll on an attitude rig in September 2016 to assess oil flow in the gearbox. The gearbox went through high-power tests in May 2017. The UltraFan was to be in diameter. Fan blades with

leading edges were evaluated under the ALPS programme. At the September 2017 International Society for Air Breathing Engines (ISABE) conference in Manchester, UK, Rolls-Royce's Chief Technology Officer Paul Stein announced it reached . In early 2018, a third gearbox was tested for

endurance Endurance (also related to sufferance, forbearance, resilience, constitution, fortitude, persistence, tenacity, steadfastness, perseverance, stamina, and hardiness) is the ability of an organism to exert itself and remain active for a ...

and

reliability Reliability, reliable, or unreliable may refer to: Science, technology, and mathematics Computing * Data reliability (disambiguation), a property of some disk arrays in computer storage * Reliability (computer networking), a category used to des ...

. The first gearbox was then disassembled for evaluation, confirming the component's

performance A performance is an act or process of staging or presenting a play, concert, or other form of entertainment. It is also defined as the action or process of carrying out or accomplishing an action, task, or function. Performance has evolved glo ...

predictions. In April 2018,

Airbus Airbus SE ( ; ; ; ) is a Pan-European aerospace corporation. The company's primary business is the design and manufacturing of commercial aircraft but it also has separate Airbus Defence and Space, defence and space and Airbus Helicopters, he ...

agreed to provide aircraft integration and its

and for flight testing, co-funded by the European Union research programme

Clean Sky The Clean Sky Joint Undertaking (CSJU) is a public-private partnership between the European Commission and the European aeronautics industry that coordinates and funds research activities to deliver significantly quieter and more environmentally ...

2. At the April 2018

ILA Berlin Air Show The ILA Berlin Air Show ( German: (ILA)) combines a major trade exhibition for the aerospace and defence industries with a public airshow. It is held every even year at the new Berlin ExpoCenter Airport next to the Berlin Brandenburg Airport ...

, flight testing was confirmed on Rolls-Royce's

Boeing 747 The Boeing 747 is a long-range wide-body aircraft, wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023. After the introduction of the Boeing 707, 707 in October 1958, Pan Am ...

-200. The demonstrator generated of thrust, exploiting current testing on the Advance 3 and the gearbox. Fan diameter could be up to , compared to the

's and the

GE9X The General Electric GE9X is a high-bypass turbofan developed by GE Aerospace exclusively for the Boeing 777X. It first ran on the ground in April 2016 and first flew on March 13, 2018; it powered the 777-9's maiden flight in early 2020. It r ...

's . Higher bypass and lower fan pressure ratio induce low-speed fan instability that is remedied by variable-pitch blades instead of a variable area

jet nozzle A propelling nozzle or exhaust ejector is a nozzle that converts the internal energy of a working gas into propulsive force; it is the nozzle, which forms a jet, that separates a gas turbine, or gas generator, from a jet engine. Propelling nozz ...

. Along with eliminating the thrust reverser, a short, slim nacelle is lighter and less draggy, but in reverse-thrust the flow is distorted, turning the

nozzle A nozzle is a device designed to control the direction or characteristics of a fluid flow (specially to increase velocity) as it exits (or enters) an enclosed chamber or pipe (material), pipe. A nozzle is often a pipe or tube of varying cross ...

into the

bypass duct A turbofan or fanjet is a type of airbreathing jet engine that is widely used in aircraft propulsion. The word "turbofan" is a combination of references to the preceding generation engine technology of the turbojet and the additional fan stag ...

, and then partly reversed again into the intermediate

. The large fan could lead to gull-wing airframes. By July 2018, the UltraFan configuration was frozen. Detailed design and component manufacture was set to enable 2021 ground tests. The diameter

planetary gearbox An epicyclic gear train (also known as a planetary gearset) is a gear reduction assembly consisting of two gears mounted so that the center of one gear (the "planet") revolves around the center of the other (the "sun"). A carrier connects the ...

has five planet gears, is sized to power turbofans and amassed over 250 hours of run time by early 2019. In February 2019, introduction was delayed until 2027, to re-engine current aircraft, after full-scale ground tests in 2021. A variable-pitch fan or a more electric architecture would be needed beyond the 25% improvement over the

, for the 2030s-2040s. A integrated starter-generator on the shaft cold end would allow a smaller

accessory drive The accessory drive is a gearbox that forms part of a gas turbine engine. Although not part of the engine's core, it drives the accessories – such as generators, pumps for fuel and lubrication oil, air compressors, hydraulic pumps and engine st ...

. It could drive an aft-fuselage

boundary layer suction Boundary layer suction is a boundary layer control technique in which an air pump is used to extract the boundary layer at the wing or the inlet of an aircraft. Improving the air flow can reduce drag. Improvements in fuel efficiency have been esti ...

fan for a 35% better efficiency gain. By February 2020, Rolls-Royce was manufacturing the diameter carbon fibre fan blades in Bristol, UK, saving with the composite fan case up to on a twinjet. By March 2022, Rolls-Royce had transferred the power gearbox, tested to , from Dahlewitz to its UK site for assembly, By May 2023, the first run was made with an demonstrator having a 14:1 bypass ratio, carbon-titanium fan blades, an Advance3 core and a new combustor. With 10% better fuel efficiency than the Trent XWB, the architecture could cover a thrust range for single- or twin-aisles in the 2030s. In November 2023, it was announced that the demonstrator had achieved at least in maximum power tests, exceeding the design brief of 80,000lbf and had accumulated over 70 hours of run-time. At the 2024 Farnborough Air Show, Rolls-Royce announced upgrades to its Trent engines, with some enhancements drawing on the UltraFan technology demonstrator project. By 2025, Rolls-Royce planned to run two versions by 2028, the scaled-down UltraFan 30 for

single-aisle A narrow-body aircraft or single-aisle aircraft is an airliner arranged along a single aisle, permitting up to 6-abreast seating in a cabin less than in width. In contrast, a wide-body aircraft is a larger airliner usually configured with mu ...

s and the UltraFan 80 for widebodies, with two engines for each and flight tests to follow before 2030. The UltraFan 30 would have a thrust above , a fan diameter towards compared to the current 81 in (206 cm)

PW1100G The Pratt & Whitney PW1000G family, also marketed as the Pratt & Whitney GTF (geared turbofan), is a family of high-bypass geared turbofan engines produced by Pratt & Whitney. The various models can generate 15,000 to 33,000 pounds-force (67 to 1 ...

and a

towards 15:1, up from 10-12:1 on current geared engines. Rolls-Royce launched its HEAVEN R&D programme in January 2023, partly funded by the EU’s Clean Aviation scheme which will allocate up to €70 million by 2029. For Rolls-Royce, efficiency benefits from an

open rotor A propfan, also called an open rotor engine, open fan engine is an aircraft engine combining features of turbofans and turboprops. It uses advanced, curved propeller blades without a duct. Propfans aim to combine the speed capability of turbo ...

like the

CFM RISE The CFM International RISE ("Revolutionary Innovation for Sustainable Engines") is an open rotor engine currently under development by CFM International, a 50–50 joint venture between American GE Aerospace and French Safran Aircraft Engines. ...

are eroded by installation requirements like noise and blade-out protections.

Applications

(

) *

(

) *

Airbus A340 The Airbus A340 is a long-haul, long-range, wide-body passenger airliner that was developed and produced by Airbus. In the mid-1970s, Airbus conceived several derivatives of the Airbus A300, A300, its first airliner, and developed the A340 qu ...

(-500 and -600 series only) (

) *

Airbus A350 The Airbus A350 is a flight length, long-range, wide-body twin-engine airliner developed and produced by Airbus. The initial A350 design proposed in 2004, in response to the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, would have been a development of the Airbu ...

(

) *

(

) *

(-200, -200ER and -300 series only) (

) *

(

)

Development

Design

Variants

First Trent 600

Trent 700

Trent 800

Trent 8100

Trent 500

Trent 900

Second Trent 600

Trent 1000

Trent 1500

Trent XWB

Trent 7000

Non-aircraft variants

MT30 (Marine Turbine)

Industrial Trent 60 Gas Turbine

Operational history

Incidents

Research

Affordable Near-Term Low Emissions

Advanced Low-Pressure System (ALPS)

Advance

Advanced low-emission combustion system (ALECSys)

UltraFan

Applications

Specifications

See also

Footnotes

Notes

References

External links