Transshipment or transhipment at sea is done by transferring goods such as
cargo,
personnel
Employment is a relationship between two parties regulating the provision of paid labour services. Usually based on a contract, one party, the employer, which might be a corporation, a not-for-profit organization, a co-operative, or any othe ...
, and
equipment
Equipment most commonly refers to a set of tools or other objects commonly used to achieve a particular objective. Different job
Work or labor (or labour in British English) is intentional activity people perform to support the needs and ...
from one ship to another. It is a common practice in global
fisheries
Fishery can mean either the enterprise of raising or harvesting fish and other aquatic life; or more commonly, the site where such enterprise takes place ( a.k.a. fishing ground). Commercial fisheries include wild fisheries and fish farms, both ...
and typically takes place between smaller
fishing vessels and large specialized refrigerated transport vessels, also referred to as “
reefers” that onload catch and deliver supplies if necessary.
Transshipment at sea is driven by economic and logistic performance as well as the potential to avoid control measures.
[Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2016]
Global Study on Transshipment: Regulations, practices, monitoring and control
19. Retrieved 29 May 2019. It has been criticized as enabling
illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing
Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing (IUU) is an issue around the world. Fishing industry observers believe IUU occurs in most fisheries, and accounts for up to 30% of total catches in some important fisheries.
Illegal fishing takes pl ...
(IUU), marine life depletion through
overfishing
Overfishing is the removal of a species of fish (i.e. fishing) from a body of water at a rate greater than that the species can replenish its population naturally (i.e. the overexploitation of the fishery's existing fish stock), resulting in th ...
,
forced labor,
human rights abuses
Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, 13 D