In
cell biology
Cell biology (also cellular biology or cytology) is a branch of biology that studies the structure, function, and behavior of cells. All living organisms are made of cells. A cell is the basic unit of life that is responsible for the living a ...
, translational efficiency or translation efficiency is the rate of
mRNA
In molecular biology, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is a single-stranded molecule of RNA that corresponds to the genetic sequence of a gene, and is read by a ribosome in the process of synthesizing a protein.
mRNA is created during the ...
translation
Translation is the communication of the Meaning (linguistic), meaning of a #Source and target languages, source-language text by means of an Dynamic and formal equivalence, equivalent #Source and target languages, target-language text. The ...
into
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respon ...
s within
cell
Cell most often refers to:
* Cell (biology), the functional basic unit of life
Cell may also refer to:
Locations
* Monastic cell, a small room, hut, or cave in which a religious recluse lives, alternatively the small precursor of a monastery w ...
s.
It has been measured in protein per mRNA per hour. Several RNA elements within mRNAs have been shown to affect the rate. These include
miRNA
MicroRNA (miRNA) are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules containing 21 to 23 nucleotides. Found in plants, animals and some viruses, miRNAs are involved in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. miR ...
and
protein binding sites. RNA structure may also affect translational efficiency through the altered protein or microRNA binding.
See also
*
List of cis-regulatory RNA elements
This is a list of ''cis''-regulatory RNAs. These are RNA motifs which regulate nucleic acid regions on the same molecule, as opposed to ''trans''-acting motifs which regulate a distal molecule. Some of these RNAs are broadly distributed while other ...
*
Transterm
*
UTRdb
References
External links
Transterm database online
Cell biology
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