In
cell biology
Cell biology (also cellular biology or cytology) is a branch of biology that studies the structure, function, and behavior of cells. All living organisms are made of cells. A cell is the basic unit of life that is responsible for the living an ...
, translational efficiency or translation efficiency is the rate of
mRNA
In molecular biology, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is a single-stranded molecule of RNA that corresponds to the genetic sequence of a gene, and is read by a ribosome in the process of Protein biosynthesis, synthesizing a protein.
mRNA is ...
translation
Translation is the communication of the semantics, meaning of a #Source and target languages, source-language text by means of an Dynamic and formal equivalence, equivalent #Source and target languages, target-language text. The English la ...
into
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residue (biochemistry), residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including Enzyme catalysis, catalysing metab ...
s within
cell
Cell most often refers to:
* Cell (biology), the functional basic unit of life
* Cellphone, a phone connected to a cellular network
* Clandestine cell, a penetration-resistant form of a secret or outlawed organization
* Electrochemical cell, a de ...
s.
It has been measured in protein per mRNA per hour. Several RNA elements within mRNAs have been shown to affect the rate. These include
miRNA
Micro ribonucleic acid (microRNA, miRNA, μRNA) are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules containing 21–23 nucleotides. Found in plants, animals, and even some viruses, miRNAs are involved in RNA silencing and post-transcri ...
and
protein binding
Plasma protein binding refers to the degree to which medications attach to blood proteins within the blood plasma. A drug's efficacy may be affected by the degree to which it binds. The less bound a drug is, the more efficiently it can traverse or ...
sites. RNA structure may also affect translational efficiency through the altered protein or microRNA binding.
See also
*
List of cis-regulatory RNA elements
This is a list of ''cis''-regulatory RNAs. These are RNA motifs which regulate nucleic acid regions on the same molecule, as opposed to ''trans''-acting motifs which regulate a distal molecule. Some of these RNAs are broadly distributed while othe ...
*
Transterm
*
UTRdb
UTRdb 2.0 is an updated version of the specialized database UTRdb, which focuses on the 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of eukaryotic mRNAs. These UTRs play essential roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression
Gene ...
References
External links
Transterm database online
Cell biology
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