The Train 2T, 4T and 6T were low power piston engines for

light aircraft A light aircraft is an aircraft that has a Maximum Takeoff Weight, maximum gross takeoff weight of or less.Crane, Dale: ''Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms, third edition'', page 308. Aviation Supplies & Academics, 1997. Light aircraft are use ...

, produced in

France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

. They were inverted, air-cooled in-line engines with the same bore and stroke, differing chiefly in the number of cylinders.

Design and development

In the 1930s Train introduced a series of

air-cooled Air-cooled engines rely on the circulation of air directly over heat dissipation fins or hot areas of the engine to cool them in order to keep the engine within operating temperatures. Air-cooled designs are far simpler than their liquid-cooled ...

, inverted in-line piston engines for light aircraft. The T series all used the same

cylinders A cylinder () has traditionally been a three-dimensional solid, one of the most basic of curvilinear geometric shapes. In elementary geometry, it is considered a prism with a circle as its base. A cylinder may also be defined as an infinite ...

piston A piston is a component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors, hydraulic cylinders and pneumatic cylinders, among other similar mechanisms. It is the moving component that is contained by a cylinder (engine), cylinder a ...

connecting rod A connecting rod, also called a 'con rod', is the part of a reciprocating engine, piston engine which connects the piston to the crankshaft. Together with the crank (mechanism), crank, the connecting rod converts the reciprocating motion of the p ...

valve train A valvetrain is a mechanical system that controls the operation of the intake and exhaust valves in an internal combustion engine. The intake valves control the flow of air/fuel mixture (or air alone for direct-injected engines) into the combus ...

s and

ignition system Ignition systems are used by heat engines to initiate combustion by igniting the fuel-air mixture. In a spark ignition versions of the internal combustion engine (such as petrol engines), the ignition system creates a spark to ignite the fuel-ai ...

, combined into 2 (2T), 4 (4T), and 6 (6T) cylinder units of the same layout. The number of crankshaft bearings (3, 5 or 7) and throws (2, 4 or 6) naturally depended on the number of cylinders, as did the number of cams (4, 8 or 12) on the underhead camshaft. Each cylinder had a swept volume of , so the displacements were , and and the rated outputs , and respectively. The Train 6D was a variant of the 6T with increased bore of .

Operational history

Several International 2-litre Class records were set in 1937 by aircraft powered by the Train 4T. On 7 June 1937 M. Duverene averaged over and over in a single engine Kellner-Béchereau E.1. On 27 December 1937 Mme Lafargue reached an altitude of in a Touya, setting both a class and a women's record. It also powered aircraft on some notable cross-country flights; on 30 December 1937 M. Lenee flew a Kellner-Béchereau E.1 from

Elde The Elde () is a river in northern Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and a few km in Brandenburg), a right tributary of the Elbe. Its total length is . The Elde originates near Altenhof, south of Malchow. It first flows southeast towards the south ...

Biarritz Biarritz ( , , , ; also spelled ; ) is a city on the Bay of Biscay, on the Atlantic coast in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the French Basque Country in southwestern France. It is located from the border with Spain. It is a luxu ...

, a distance of ; the same day M. Blazy flew a two-seat SFAN 5 aircraft from

Guyancourt Guyancourt () is a Communes of France, commune in the Yvelines Departments of France, department in the Île-de-France Regions of France, region in north-central France. It is located in the south-western suburbs of Paris, from the Kilometre Zero ...

to Champniers, Charente, covering . Six Train 4Ts were used in the 2 seat, span Potez-CAMS 160 flying boat, a 1:2.6 scale model of the large Potez-CAMS 161 aircraft.

Variants

From ''Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938'' unless noted ;Train 2T :2-cylinders, , , ;Train 4T :4-cylinders, , , ::Train 4A - variant of the 4T ::Train 4E - variant of the 4T ;Train 6T :6-cylinders, , , ;Train 6C-01 : Powered the Tokyo Imperial University LB-2 ;Train 6D :6-cylinders, , ,

Applications

From ''Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938'' and www.AviaFrance

4-cylinder models

* Brochet MB.50 (4T) * Carmier T.10 (4A) * Caudron C.344 (4T) * Chilton D.W.1A (4T) * Druine Aigle 777 (4T) * Duverne-Saran (4T) * Hennion 01 (4A 01) * Kellner-Béchereau E.1 (4T) * Mauboussin Hémiptère (4T) * Morane-Saulnier MS-660 (4E-01) * Nicolas-Claude NC-2 Aquilon (4E-01?) * Payen AP-10 (4T) * Potez-CAMS 160 (4T or 4A-01) * Régnier 12 (4T) *

Touya aircraft Toya may refer to: Places * Tōya, Hokkaidō, a former village in Abuta District, Iburi, Hokkaidō, Japan * Tōyako, Hokkaidō, a town incorporating Tōya, Hokkaidō ** Tōya Station (Tōyako), a railway station in Tōyako *Lake Tōya, a volcanic ...

(4T) * Trébucien Sport (4T)

6-cylinder models

* Aubert PA-20 Cigale (6T) * Duverne-Saran 01 (6T) * Kellner-Béchereau EC.4 (6T) * Kellner-Béchereau ED.5 (6T) * S.E.C.A.T. S.4 Mouette * SECAT VI La Mouette (6T) * SFAN 5 (6T) * Volland V-10 (6T)

Specifications (4T)

References

{{Reflist, refs= {{cite book , title= Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938, last= Grey , first= C.G. , year=1972, publisher= David & Charles, location= London, isbn=0-7153-5734-4, page=56d {{cite book , title=Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938, last= Grey , first= C.G. , year=1972, page=111c {{cite journal , date=24 August 1936, title=Un nouveaux moteur: le Train 4E-01 de 50/55CV, journal=Les Ailes, issue=946, pages=7, url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6555914g/f15 {{cite journal , date=3 November 1938, title=Que reste-t-il des Avions du 1936?, journal=Les Ailes, issue=910, pages=15, url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6554706x/f7 1930s aircraft piston engines