Towarzystwo Demokratyczne Polskie
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The Polish Democratic Society ( or TDP) was a radical
constitutionalist Constitutionalism is "a compound of ideas, attitudes, and patterns of behavior elaborating the principle that the authority of government derives from and is limited by a body of fundamental law". Political organizations are constitutional to ...
political organization established in
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...
by émigrés from the
Kingdom of Poland The Kingdom of Poland (; Latin: ''Regnum Poloniae'') was a monarchy in Central Europe during the Middle Ages, medieval period from 1025 until 1385. Background The West Slavs, West Slavic tribe of Polans (western), Polans who lived in what i ...
in 1832. While not explicitly
socialist Socialism is an economic ideology, economic and political philosophy encompassing diverse Economic system, economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production, as opposed to private ownership. It describes ...
with respect to their political program, the Democratic Society nonetheless was influenced by
French French may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France ** French people, a nation and ethnic group ** French cuisine, cooking traditions and practices Arts and media * The French (band), ...
Utopian socialist Utopian socialism is the term often used to describe the first current of modern socialism and socialist thought as exemplified by the work of Henri de Saint-Simon, Charles Fourier, Étienne Cabet, and Robert Owen. Utopian socialism is often ...
thinking of the era and advocated the right of citizens to own land or other means of production. The Polish Democratic Society continued in existence into the decade of the 1840s, when it was a leading voice for revolution in Galicia. It is recognized as a forerunner of the Polish socialist movement which culminated in the establishment of the
Polish Socialist Party The Polish Socialist Party (, PPS) is a democratic socialist political party in Poland. It was one of the most significant parties in Poland from its founding in 1892 until its forced merger with the communist Polish Workers' Party to form ...
.


Organizational history


Establishment

The Polish Democratic Society (TDP) was established in the
Kingdom of Poland The Kingdom of Poland (; Latin: ''Regnum Poloniae'') was a monarchy in Central Europe during the Middle Ages, medieval period from 1025 until 1385. Background The West Slavs, West Slavic tribe of Polans (western), Polans who lived in what i ...
in March 1832.M.K. Dziewanowski, ''The Communist Party of Poland.'' Second edition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1976; pg. 3. The first program of the TDP, a so-called "Small Manifesto," was adopted on March 17, 1832, in
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...
by a pair of the group's founders,
Tadeusz Krępowiecki ''Tadeusz'' is a Polish first name, derived from Thaddaeus. Tadeusz may refer to: * Tadeusz Bednarowicz (1906–1939), Polish footballer * Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski (1895–1966), Polish military leader * Tadeusz Borowski (1922–1951), Polish wr ...
and
Aleksandr Puławski Alexander () is a male name of Greek origin. The most prominent bearer of the name is Alexander the Great, the king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia who created one of the largest empires in ancient history. Variants listed here are A ...
.''Encyklopedia Powszechna PWN'' (Universal Encyclopedia PWN). Third Edition. Warsaw: State Publishing House, 1987; pp. 514-515. These individuals traced their organizational roots to earlier activity in the Polish National Committee established in 1831.


Program

The TDP argued for the need of drastic reforms in reconstituted Poland and published an official newspaper, ''Demokrata Polski'' (The Polish Democrat). The group gained support for its cause through its official slogan, "Everything by the People and for the People." In 1846, some members of the Polish Democratic Society participated in the
Kraków uprising The Kraków Uprising ( Polish: ''powstanie krakowskie'', ''rewolucja krakowska''; German: ''Krakauer Aufstand''; Russian: ''краковское восстание'') of 1846 was an attempt, led by Polish insurgents such as Jan Tyssowski and ...
. Other notable activists included
Stanisław Worcell Stanislav and variants may refer to: People *Stanislav (given name), a Slavic given name with many spelling variations (Stanislaus, Stanislas, Stanisław, etc.) Places * Stanislav, Kherson Oblast, a coastal village in Ukraine * Stanislaus County, ...
and
Ludwik Mierosławski Ludwik Adam Mierosławski (; January 17, 1814 – November 22, 1878) was a Polish general, writer, poet, historian and political activist. Mierosławski took part in the November Uprising of the 1830s, and after its failure he emigrated to France ...
.


Termination

The TDP was eventually disbanded in 1862.


See also

* Association of the Polish People


Footnotes

{{Authority control 1832 establishments in Poland 1862 disestablishments in Europe 1830s in Poland Great Emigration 1840s in Poland Political parties established in 1832 Political parties disestablished in 1862