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The Toru River or Batang Toru is a river in northern
Sumatra Sumatra () is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the list of islands by area, sixth-largest island in the world at 482,286.55 km2 (182,812 mi. ...
,
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...
, about 1200 km northwest of the capital
Jakarta Jakarta (; , Betawi language, Betawi: ''Jakartè''), officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta (; ''DKI Jakarta'') and formerly known as Batavia, Dutch East Indies, Batavia until 1949, is the capital and largest city of Indonesia and ...
.Batang Toru
at Geonames.org (cc-by); Last updated 2013-06-04; Database dump downloaded 2015-11-27


Geography

The river flows in the northern area of Sumatra with predominantly
tropical rainforest climate A tropical rainforest climate or equatorial climate is a tropical climate sub-type usually found within 10 to 15 degrees latitude of the equator. There are some other areas at higher latitudes, such as the coast of southeast Florida, United States ...
(designated as ''Af'' in the Köppen-Geiger climate classification). The annual average temperature in the area is 24 °C. The warmest month is February, when the average temperature is around 26 °C, and the coldest is May, at 22 °C. The average annual rainfall is 3379 mm. The wettest month is November, with an average of 520 mm rainfall, and the driest is July, with 156 mm rainfall. The area of the river is located on the Great Sumatran Fault Zone, providing the area with an abundance of geothermal energy sources and hot water springs, while also increasing the frequency of large earthquakes.


Ecology

The river flows at the heart of the area where the Tapanuli orangutan lives, a kind of orangutan which was identified as a separate species in 2017.


Uses

The Batang Toru hydropower project has started work on a dam and tunnel, financed by China, which is meant to provide electric power during 6 hours a day. As of 2022, Indonesian state-owned electronic distribution company
Perusahaan Listrik Negara PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara (Persero) (, abbreviated as PLN) is an Indonesian State-owned enterprise, government-owned corporation which has a monopoly on electric power distribution in Indonesia and generates the majority of the country's p ...
has also started to work with Indonesian private companies to establish a hydropower on the river.


See also

*
List of drainage basins of Indonesia This is a list of river catchment areas, also known as drainage basins, in Indonesia. Based on the National River Basin Classification map, Indonesia has a total of 42,210 river basins organized as a basis for determining watershed management poli ...
*
List of rivers of Indonesia This is a list of rivers in Indonesia.''Map of Indonesia''. Peta Indonesia. Wawasan Nusantara. CV. Indo Prima Sarana. Accessed 29 Juli 2017. By island This list is arranged by island in alphabetical order, with respective tributaries indented un ...
*
List of rivers of Sumatra This is a list of rivers flowing in the island of Sumatra, Indonesia.''Map of Indonesia''. Peta Indonesia. Wawasan Nusantara. CV. Indo Prima Sarana. Accessed 29 Juli 2017. In alphabetical order Mouth location North coast Northeast coast ...


References

{{Rivers of Sumatra Rivers of North Sumatra Batang Toru basin