Tonyquin
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Tonyquin (Irish derived place name, either ''Tonnaí Choinn'', meaning 'The Marsh of Conn' or ''Tamnach Choinn'', meaning 'The Pasture of Conn' or ''Tonnaí Uí Choinn'', meaning 'The Marsh of O'Quinn' or ''Tamnach Uí Choinn'', meaning 'The Pasture of O'Quinn') is a
townland A townland (; Ulster-Scots: ''toonlann'') is a traditional small land division used in Ireland and in the Western Isles of Scotland, typically covering . The townland system is of medieval Gaelic origin, predating the Norman invasion, and mo ...
in the
civil parish In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government. Civil parishes can trace their origin to the ancient system of parishes, w ...
of
Kinawley Kinawley or Kinawly () is a small village, townland (of 187 acres) and civil parish straddling County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland and County Cavan, Republic of Ireland. The village and townland are both in the civil parish of Kinawley (founded b ...
, barony of
Tullyhaw Tullyhaw (, which means 'the Territory of Eochaidh', an ancestor of the McGoverns, who lived ) is a Barony in County Cavan in Ireland. The area has been in constant occupation since pre-4000 BC. Located in the northwest of the county, it h ...
,
County Cavan County Cavan ( ; ) is a Counties of Ireland, county in Republic of Ireland, Ireland. It is in the Provinces of Ireland, province of Ulster and is part of the Northern and Western Region. It is named after the town of Cavan and is based on the hi ...
,
Ireland Ireland (, ; ; Ulster Scots dialect, Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean, in Northwestern Europe. Geopolitically, the island is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially Names of the Irish state, named Irelan ...
.


Geography

Tonyquin is bounded on the north by
Gortnaderrylea Gortnaderrylea (Irish derived place name, either ''Gort an Doire Léith'', meaning ''The Field of the Grey Oakwood'' or ''Gort an Doire Ard'', meaning ''The Field of the High Oakwood'' or ''Gort na Dairbhre'', meaning ''The Field of the Oak Tree' ...
townland, on the south by Gortlaunaght townland, on the west by
Killaghaduff Killaghaduff (Irish derived place name, either ''Cill Átha Dhuibh'', meaning ‘The Church of the Black Ford’ or ''Coill Achadh Dhuibh'', meaning ‘The Wood of the Black Ford’ or ''Cill Achadh Dhuibh'', meaning ‘The Church of the Black F ...
townland and on the east by Drumbar (Kinawley) townland. Its chief geographical features are Tonyquin Hill which reaches a height of 482 feet, a wood, a rivulet, a quarry and a dug well. Tonyquin is traversed by minor public roads and rural lanes. The townland covers 29 statute acres.


History

Tonyquin has been occupied continuously from about 2,800 B.C. to the present day, as is evident from recent archaeological excavations. In medieval times Tonyquin was owned by the McGovern Clan and formed part of a ballybetagh spelled (variously) Aghycloony, Aghcloone, Nacloone, Naclone and Noclone (Irish derived place name ''Áth Chluain'', meaning the 'Ford of the Meadow'). The 1609 Baronial Map depicts the ballybetagh as ''Naclone''. In the
Plantation of Ulster The Plantation of Ulster (; Ulster Scots dialects, Ulster Scots: ) was the organised Settler colonialism, colonisation (''Plantation (settlement or colony), plantation'') of Ulstera Provinces of Ireland, province of Irelandby people from Great ...
by grant dated 26 June 1615, King
James VI and I James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and King of Ireland, Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 M ...
granted, inter alia, ''The precinct or parcel of Nacloone otherwise Aghcloone to Sir George Graeme and Sir Richard Graeme to form part of the Manor of Greame''. A history of Richard and George Graham is viewable online. The Grahams took part in the
Irish Rebellion of 1641 The Irish Rebellion of 1641 was an uprising in Kingdom of Ireland, Ireland, initiated on 23 October 1641 by Catholic gentry and military officers. Their demands included an end to anti-Catholic discrimination, greater Irish self-governance, and ...
and after the war their lands were confiscated under the
Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652 The Act for the Settling of Ireland imposed penalties including death and land confiscation against Irish civilians and combatants after the Irish Rebellion of 1641 and subsequent unrest. British historian John Morrill wrote that the Act and a ...
. The 1652 Commonwealth Survey spells the name as ''Townyquin'' and gives the owner as ''Mr Thomas Worshipp'' and the tenants as ''William Graham & others'', so the Grahams had been reduced to tenant status. A deed by Thomas Enery dated 29 Jan 1735 includes the lands of ''Tawnequin''. A deed dated 10 December 1774 by John Enery spells the townland as ''Tawneyquin''. A deed dated 13 December 1774 by John Enery spells the townland as ''Tawneyquin otherwise Tawnyquin otherwise Taynequin''. The 1790 Cavan Carvaghs list, spells the name as ''Tawneenquin''. The 1821 Census of Ireland spells the name as ''Townyquin'' and states- ''Fertile fattening land''. The Tithe Applotment Books 1834 spell the name as ''Tonyquin''. The Tonyquin Valuation Office Field books are available for August 1838. On 23 March 1850, The Incumbered Estates Commission sold part of the Hassard estate, including Tonyquin, on 29 April 1853 as follows-''Sale of Incumbered Estates in Ireland, Notice to Claimants and Incumbrancers. In the Matter of the Estate of Francis Hassard, of Rockwood, in the County of Cavan, Owner, ex-parte William Thompson, Petitioner, Whereas, by an absolute Order, bearing date of the 23rd day of November, 1849, it was ordered, that the Lands of Rockwood, otherwise Tiercahan, situate in the Barony of Tullaha and County of Cavan; Gortnaleg, Upper and Lower, situate in same barony and county; Newtown, formerly part of Tiercahan, above-mentioned; Dunglave; Tonyquin; Gortmore; Gub, also called Gub Wallace; Maugherea, otherwise Moherre, otherwise Moherra; Finahoo; Cullion, otherwise Tawneanagra; All situate in the Barony of Tullaha and County of Cavan, should be sold for the purpose of discharging the incumbrances thereon. Now, all Persons claiming Estates or Interests on the said Premises, who may object to such Order are hereby informed that the Commissioners will hear any applications which any other person may desire to bring before them, on Notice, to be served at the Office, 14 Henrietta-Street, Dublin, within One Calendar Month from the date hereof. And all Persons claiming Charges or Incumbrances on the said Premises, or any part thereof, are required to lodge a brief statement of the Particulars thereof at the said Office, within two Calendar Months from the date hereof, and also to send their respective Addresses, in order that they may receive notice at what time and in what manner their claims should be established. Dated this 23rd day of March, 1850. S.Woulfe Flanagan, Secretary John Collum, Solicitor for the Petitioner, having the Carriage of the Sale--Offices, 70, Talbot-street. Dublin and Enniskillen''. The Incumbered Estates Commission sold part of the Hassard estate, including Tonyquin, on 29 April 1853 as follows- ''Final notice to Claimants. Incumbered Estates Commission. In the Matter of the estate of Francis Hassard, Esquire, Owner, Ex-parte Adam Thompson, Executor of William Thompson, Petitioner. Take Notice, that the Commissioners have Sold the Lands of Rockwood, otherwise Tiercahan (Lower), Tircahan (Upper), Gertaleg (Upper), Dunglave (part of), Tonyquin, Newtown, Gortmore, Cullion, otherwise Tawneanagra, Gub or Gub Wallace, Finagho, or Finahoo, and Magherea otherwise Mohers, situate in the Barony of Tullyhaw, and County of Cavan, And the Draft Schedule of Incumbrances being lodged in the Office of the General Clerk, if any person have a claim not therein inserted, or any objection to said Schedule, particularly in respect of the Deeds mentioned in the Schedule hereto, or any lien on the purchase money, a statement, duly verified, of the particulars of such claim, objection, or lien, must be lodged by such person in said Office, on or before the Fourteenth day of June next, and on the following Monday at the Hour of eleven o'Clock A.M., Mountifort Lougfield, L.L.D., one of the Commissioners, will give directions for the final settlement of said Schedule. And you are to take notice, that, within the time aforesaid, any person may file an objection to any demand reported to you in the Draft Schedule. Schedule referred to by the foregoing notice: -- Deed dated 2nd June, 1759, being a Mortgage For £1500 by John Enery to William Crookshank. Deed dated 7th May, 1760, being an annuity granted to one Francis Enery, until the consideration money, £2000, paid off. Deed dated 1st October, 1763, whereby a term of years was created to raise £3,000, which was subsequently appointed to one Catherine Enery. Deed dated 21st December, 1771, being a Mortgage for £1,975 16s., by John Enery to George Tandy. Dated 29th day of April, 1853 Henry Carey, Secretary. John Collum, Solicitor, having carriage of the proceedings, 70, Talbot-street, Dublin''.
Griffith's Valuation Griffith's Valuation was a boundary and land valuation survey of Ireland completed in 1868. Griffith's background Richard John Griffith started to value land in Scotland, where he spent two years in 1806–1807 valuing terrain through the examin ...
of 1857 lists one landholder (the O'Reilly family) in the townland. In 1878 the O'Reilly lands in Tonyquin were sold to Mr J. McGovern.


Census

In the 1821 Census of Ireland there was one household listed in the townland. In the 1901 census of Ireland, there was one family listed in the townland. In the 1911 census of Ireland, there was one family listed in the townland.


Antiquities

# Neolithic shelter. Located on a shelf on a W-facing slope overlooking the S-N Blackwater River which is c. 800m distant. Archaeological monitoring (09E0439) by The Archaeological Company over an extensive area (44.5 ha) in Tonyquin and Gortlaunaght townlands in advance of a quarry development identified numerous archaeological monuments including a Neolithic house, an oval enclosure and a ringfort (https://www.excavations.ie/report/2010/Cavan/0021290/). Further monitoring identified and excavated over 200 features, and intensive cleaning in particular areas identified 300 more, including two concentrations which proved to be a hut-site (CV017—019001-) and this structure, which is probably a shelter. These were excavated fully by Aidan O'Connell for Archer Heritage Planning under an extension of the same licence. This structure in Area 5 consists of an arc of stake-holes (Chord c. 10m NE-SW) curving out to the NW, with a smaller line of 6 stake-holes c. 3m to the NW. Four stake-holes placed c. 2m apart are at the E edge of the arc, and there are two large pits (dims 2m x 1.4m; D 0.8m) within the arc. (O'Connell and O'Hara 2010, 6) # Bronze Age house. Located on a shelf on a W-facing slope overlooking the S-N Blackwater River which is c. 800m distant. Archaeological monitoring (09E0439) by The Archaeological Company over an extensive area (44.5 ha) in Tonyquin and Gortlaunaght townlands in advance of a quarry development identified numerous archaeological monuments including a Neolithic house, an oval enclosure and a ringfort (wwwexcavations.ie/report/2010/Cavan/0021290/). Further monitoring identified and excavated over 200 features, and intensive cleaning in particular areas identified 300 more, including two concentrations which proved to be this hut-site and what is probably a shelter (CV007-019002-) c. 40m to the S. These were excavated fully by Aidan O'Connell for Archer Heritage Planning under an extension of the same licence. The house is a circular feature in Area 5 identified by two rings of post-holes. The inner ring of 9 post-holes were larger and load-bearing to support the roof while the outer ring (diam. c. 9m) of 18 slighter post-holes provided the wall. It had a doorway (Wth 1m) at ESE where the two lines converged, with a light screen outside it represented by a line of stake-holes, and there was a central hearth. Outside the house a NW-SE line of pits just to the NE created a congested group at its S end c. 6m to the SE, and a similar NW-SE line of eight pits curved around the SW side of the house. Therse was an arc of 13 stake-holes (L 8.5m) c. 6m S of the house. Pottery sherds of Cordoned Urns from the pits suggest an Early-Middle Bronze Age date (Grogan and Roche 2010), and a C14 date of 1680–1510 bc (SUERC–3945-3310 ± 30 bp) (www.excavations.ie/report/2010/Cavan/0021291/) was recovered from a post-hole in the house. (O'Connell and O'Hara 2010, 6-9)


References


External links


The IreAtlas Townland Data Base
{{County Cavan Townlands of County Cavan