Tokuhime (Oda)
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, also known as and was a Japanese noble lady from the
Sengoku period The was the period in History of Japan, Japanese history in which civil wars and social upheavals took place almost continuously in the 15th and 16th centuries. The Kyōtoku incident (1454), Ōnin War (1467), or (1493) are generally chosen as th ...
. She was the eldest daughter of ''
daimyō were powerful Japanese magnates, feudal lords who, from the 10th century to the early Meiji era, Meiji period in the middle 19th century, ruled most of Japan from their vast hereditary land holdings. They were subordinate to the shogun and no ...
''
Oda Nobunaga was a Japanese ''daimyō'' and one of the leading figures of the Sengoku period, Sengoku and Azuchi-Momoyama periods. He was the and regarded as the first "Great Unifier" of Japan. He is sometimes referred as the "Demon Daimyō" and "Demo ...
and his concubine, Lady
Kitsuno was a Japanese woman from the Sengoku period to the Azuchi–Momoyama period. She was a concubine of Oda Nobunaga, a Sengoku Daimyo, Daimyō of the Owari Province. Her posthumous Buddhist name is . Name The name of this woman, who was Nobunag ...
. She later married Matsudaira Nobuyasu, the first son of
Tokugawa Ieyasu Tokugawa Ieyasu (born Matsudaira Takechiyo; 31 January 1543 – 1 June 1616) was the founder and first ''shōgun'' of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan, which ruled from 1603 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868. He was the third of the three "Gr ...
. She is remembered as the person most responsible for the deaths of Nobuyasu and his mother, Ieyasu's wife, Lady Tsukiyama.


Biography

Tokuhime was engaged to
Tokugawa Ieyasu Tokugawa Ieyasu (born Matsudaira Takechiyo; 31 January 1543 – 1 June 1616) was the founder and first ''shōgun'' of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan, which ruled from 1603 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868. He was the third of the three "Gr ...
's five-year-old son Nobuyasu in early 1563, when she herself was only three and a half years old. Her marriage was politically motivated and was used to seal an alliance between Tokugawa Ieyasu and Oda Nobunaga. On July 3, 1567, the then-eight-year-old Tokuhime officially married the then-nine-year-old Nobuyasu in
Mikawa Province was an Provinces of Japan, old province in the area that today forms the eastern half of Aichi Prefecture.Louis-Frédéric, Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Mikawa''" in . Its abbreviated form name was . Mikawa bordered on Owari Province, O ...
. In 1570, once the 11-year-old Nobuyasu became the lord of Okazaki Castle, Tokuhime became known as Okazaki-dono. As the years went by, Nobuyasu and Tokuhime became quite attached to each other, however, Tokuhime's mother-in-law, Lady Tsukiyama, made life quite difficult for her and interfered in matters between her and her husband. Lady Tsukiyama was known as a jealous and contrary woman, and even her husband Ieyasu found it difficult to share the same residence as her. Because Tokuhime only gave birth to two daughters in 1576 and 1577, Lady Tsukiyama took a daughter from a couple of former Takeda's retainers to be Nobuyasu's concubines, and this action bothered Tokuhime. As a young woman, Tokuhime decided to retaliate against Lady Tsukiyama. When Tokuhime was about nineteen, she had had enough of her mother-in-law's interference and wrote a letter to her father, Oda Nobunaga, conveying her suspicion that Lady Tsukiyama had been in secret correspondence with
Takeda Katsuyori was a Japanese ''daimyō'' (military lord) of the Sengoku period, who was famed as the head of the Takeda clan and the successor to the legendary warlord Takeda Shingen. He was son-in-law of Hojo Ujiyasu, ''daimyō'' of Hojo clan. Early life H ...
, one of Nobunaga's worst enemies. Nobunaga relayed this suspicion of betrayal to his ally, Ieyasu, who promptly had his wife imprisoned. As Ieyasu needed to maintain his alliance with Nobunaga, the accusations were taken quite seriously, and as Lady Tsukiyama and her son were quite close, Ieyasu therefore had Nobuyasu put into custody. No solid evidence of treachery ever surfaced, but to assuage his ally, Ieyasu had his wife executed on September 19, 1579. Ieyasu did not believe his son would betray him, but to prevent him from seeking vengeance for the death of his mother, he ordered Nobuyasu to commit suicide by ''
seppuku , also known as , is a form of Japanese ritualistic suicide by disembowelment. It was originally reserved for samurai in their code of honor, but was also practiced by other Japanese people during the Shōwa era (particularly officers near ...
'' where he was held at Futamata Castle on October 5 the following month. Although Tokuhime wanted only to anonymously retaliate against Lady Tsukiyama, the situation snowballed, and by the end of 1579, her husband and her mother-in-law were killed and she was a widow. In 1580, Ieyasu visited Okazaki Castle and met up with Tokuhime on March 2. Three days later, on March 5, Tokuhime departed to return home, escorted by Matsudaira Ietada half of the trip. Her two daughters she had with Nobuyasu were left behind with their grandfather.


Family

* Father:
Oda Nobunaga was a Japanese ''daimyō'' and one of the leading figures of the Sengoku period, Sengoku and Azuchi-Momoyama periods. He was the and regarded as the first "Great Unifier" of Japan. He is sometimes referred as the "Demon Daimyō" and "Demo ...
(1536–1582) * Brothers: ** Oda Nobutada (1557–1582) ** Oda Nobukatsu (1558–1630) ** Oda Nobutaka (1558–1583) **
Hashiba Hidekatsu Hall, John Whitney ''et al.'' (1991). ''The Cambridge History of Japan'', volume 4, p. 115 was a Japanese samurai, also known as Oda Hidekatsu, the fourth son of the famed feudal warlord Oda Nobunaga and was adopted by Toyotomi Hideyoshi at a yo ...
(1567–1585) ** Oda Katsunaga (1568–1582) **
Oda Nobuhide was a Japanese ''daimyō'' and magistrate of the Sengoku period known as "Tiger of Owari" and also the father of Oda Nobunaga, the first "Great Unifier" of Japan. Nobuhide was a deputy ''shugo'' (Shugodai) of lower Owari Province and head of t ...
(1571–1597) ** Oda Nobutaka (1576–1602) ** Oda Nobuyoshi (1573–1615) ** Oda Nobusada (1574–1624) ** Oda Nobuyoshi (died 1609) ** Oda Nagatsugu (died 1600) ** Oda Nobumasa (1554–1647) * Sisters: ** Fuyuhime (1561–1641), wife of
Gamō Ujisato was a Japanese ''daimyō'' of the Sengoku and Azuchi–Momoyama periods. He was heir and son of Gamō Katahide, lord of Hino Castle in Ōmi Province, and next managed Ise Province as lord of Matsusaka Castle and finally 920,000 koku in ...
** Hideko (died 1632) ** Eihime (1574–1623) ** Hōonin ** Sannomaru-dono (d. 1603), one of
Toyotomi Hideyoshi , otherwise known as and , was a Japanese samurai and ''daimyō'' (feudal lord) of the late Sengoku period, Sengoku and Azuchi-Momoyama periods and regarded as the second "Great Unifier" of Japan.Richard Holmes, The World Atlas of Warfare: ...
's concubines. ** Tsuruhime * Husband: Matsudaira Nobuyasu (1559–1579) * children: ** Tokuhime (1576-1607), married Ogasawara Hidemasa ** Kumahime (1577-1626), married Honda Tadamasa


References

{{People of the Sengoku period , state=autocollapse 1559 births 1636 deaths 16th-century Japanese women 16th-century Japanese people 17th-century Japanese women 17th-century Japanese people Japanese nobility Matsudaira clan Oda clan Tokugawa clan Women of the Sengoku period