Titus Julius Maximus Manlianus was a Roman

senator A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or Legislative chamber, chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the Ancient Rome, ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior ...

active in the early second century who held a number of offices in the emperor's service. He was suffect consul for the '' nundinium'' July to September 112 as the colleague of Publius Stertinius Quartus. His complete name was Titus Julius Maximus Manlianus Brocchus Servilianus Aulus Quadronius erus?Lucius Servilius Vatia Cassius Cam rs''. The earlier portion of the ''

cursus honorum The , or more colloquially 'ladder of offices'; ) was the sequential order of public offices held by aspiring politicians in the Roman Republic and the early Roman Empire. It was designed for men of senatorial rank. The comprised a mixture of ...

'' of Manlianus is known from an inscription found in Nemausus, erected to acknowledge he was the

patron Patronage is the support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows on another. In the history of art, art patronage refers to the support that princes, popes, and other wealthy and influential people ...

of Calagurritanus in

Hispania Citerior Hispania Citerior (English: "Hither Iberia", or "Nearer Iberia") was a Roman province in Hispania during the Roman Republic. It was on the eastern coast of Iberia down to the town of Cartago Nova, today's Cartagena in the autonomous community of ...

. He began his public career as one of the ''decemviri stlitibus judicandis'', one of the four boards of minor magistrates that comprise the '' vigintiviri''; this board was attached to the Centumviral court of law. His next documented office was '' sevir equitum Romanorum'' at the annual review of the

equites The (; , though sometimes referred to as " knights" in English) constituted the second of the property/social-based classes of ancient Rome, ranking below the senatorial class. A member of the equestrian order was known as an (). Descript ...

at Rome. Manlianus was then commissioned as

military tribune A military tribune () was an officer of the Roman army who ranked below the legate and above the centurion. Young men of Equestrian rank often served as military tribunes as a stepping stone to the Senate. The should not be confused with the ...

Legio V Macedonica Legio V Macedonica (the Fifth Macedonian Legion) was a Roman legion. It was established in 43 BC by consul Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus and Augustus, Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (later known as the Roman Emperor, Emperor Augustus). and ...

. While assigned to this unit, Manlianus saw combat, for he was awarded '' dona militaria''; Valerie Maxfield, in her monograph on military decorations under the Empire, opines that Manlianus had participated in Domitian's Dacian War. Maxfield, V.br>"The Dona Militaria of the Roman Army"
(Durham theses, Durham University, 1972), p. 27 While the V Macedonica was stationed in

Syria Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant. It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to Syria–Turkey border, the north, Iraq to Iraq–Syria border, t ...

during Domitian's reign, it was deployed, either the entire unit or a vexillation, to Oescus in the year 81, where it replaced

Legio III Gallica Legio III Gallica ( Third Legion "Gallic") was a Roman legion, legion of the Imperial Roman army. The cognomen ''Gallica'' suggests that its earliest recruits came from veterans of the Gaul, Gallic legions of Julius Caesar, a supposition suppo ...

. His service as military tribune was followed by his term as

quaestor A quaestor ( , ; ; "investigator") was a public official in ancient Rome. There were various types of quaestors, with the title used to describe greatly different offices at different times. In the Roman Republic, quaestors were elected officia ...

, which he served in

Hispania Baetica Hispania Baetica, often abbreviated Baetica, was one of three Roman provinces created in Hispania (the Iberian Peninsula) in 27 BC. Baetica was bordered to the west by Lusitania, and to the northeast by Tarraconensis. Baetica remained one of ...

. Holding the office of quaestor enrolled him in the Senate, whereupon Manlianus advanced through the traditional Republican magistracies of

curule aedile Aedile ( , , from , "temple edifice") was an elected office of the Roman Republic. Based in Rome, the aediles were responsible for maintenance of public buildings () and regulation of public festivals. They also had powers to enforce public orde ...

and

praetor ''Praetor'' ( , ), also ''pretor'', was the title granted by the government of ancient Rome to a man acting in one of two official capacities: (i) the commander of an army, and (ii) as an elected ''magistratus'' (magistrate), assigned to disch ...

. Once Manlianus concluded the office of praetor, he was appointed '' juridicus'' in

Hispania Tarraconensis Hispania Tarraconensis was one of three Roman provinces in Hispania. It encompassed much of the northern, eastern and central territories of modern Spain along with modern North Region, Portugal, northern Portugal. Southern Spain, the region now ...

; perhaps in this role he first formed the connections that led him to becoming patron of Calagurritanus. Next Manlianus was given the commission as '' legatus legionis'' or commander of two legions, Legio I Adiutrix, then

Legio IV Flavia Felix Legio IV Flavia Felix ("Lucky Flavian Fourth Legion"), was a Roman legion, legion of the Imperial Roman army founded in AD 70 by the emperor Vespasian (r. 69–79) from the Cadre (military), cadre of the disbanded Legio IV Macedonica, Legio IV ' ...

. Successive command of two legions was uncommon in Imperial times;

Anthony Birley Anthony Richard Birley (8 October 1937 – 19 December 2020) was a British ancient historian, archaeologist and academic. He was one of the leaders of excavations at of the Roman fortress at Vindolanda and also published several books on Roman ...

has compiled a list of known cases, which totals thirty-three men. Maxfield explains that exigencies of

Trajan's Dacian Wars Trajan's Dacian Wars (101–102, 105–106) were two military campaigns fought between the Roman Empire and Dacia during Roman Emperor, Emperor Trajan's rule. The conflicts were triggered by the constant Dacian threat on the Danube, Danubian Rom ...

were the reason for Manlianus' opportunity here. Here the inscription from Nemausus ends its account; from a military diploma, we know Manlianus was appointed governor of the newly created imperial province of Pannonia Inferior; Werner Eck dates his tenure as extending from the year 107 to the year 111.Eck, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten der senatorischen Statthalter von 69/70 bis 138/139", ''

Chiron In Greek mythology, Chiron ( ; also Cheiron or Kheiron; ) was held to be the superlative centaur amongst his brethren since he was called the "wisest and justest of all the centaurs". Biography Chiron was notable throughout Greek mythology for ...

'', 12 (1982), pp. 345-350 After his consulate, Manlianus' life is a blank.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Julius Maximus Manlianus, Titus 1st-century births 2nd-century deaths 1st-century Romans 2nd-century Romans Roman governors of Pannonia Inferior Suffect consuls of Imperial Rome