Tinzouatine
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Tin Zaouatine () (also spelled Tinzouatine, Tin Zaoutine, Ti-n-Zaouatene or Tin Zaouaten) is a commune, coextensive with the
district A district is a type of administrative division that in some countries is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or county, counties, several municipality, municip ...
of Tin Zaouatine, in
In Guezzam Province In Guezzam Province () is a province ('' wilaya)'' in far southern Algeria that was created in 2019. It is the southernmost and least populous province of Algeria and lies on the border with Niger Niger, officially the Republic of the Nige ...
,
Algeria Algeria, officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It is bordered to Algeria–Tunisia border, the northeast by Tunisia; to Algeria–Libya border, the east by Libya; to Alger ...
. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 4,157, up from 2,314 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 6.2%, the highest rate in the province. Its postal code is 11150 and its municipal code is 1107.


History

The commune was created in 1984. Following the outbreak of the war in Mali, it was reported that there was a mass exodus of inhabitants seeking safety from the Malian town of
Tinzaouaten Tinzaouaten (var. Tinzawatene and Tin-Zaouatene; ) is a Saharan rural commune in the far northeast of Mali on the Algerian border. Geography The commune is in the Abeïbara Cercle of the Kidal Region. It included a stop on a trans-Saharan trad ...
towards the Algerian side. Between 2013 and 2016, Tin Zaouatine's population increased from 9,000 to more than 20,000 people. By 2020, only a few families were still living in Tinzaouaten, which was controlled by armed units from the
Coordination of Azawad Movements The Coordination of Azawad Movements ( (CMA); ; ) is a large coalition of Tuareg independentist and Arab nationalist groups that formed in Mali during the Northern Mali conflict in 2014. Organization The CMA was founded on 28 October 2014 as ...
. It became a popular transit point for refugees, who mostly crossed the border at midday, because of an increased security patrol at night. In May 2020, Algerian authorities erected a fence separating Tin Zaouatine from Tinzaouaten. On June 15, 2020, clashes between police and locals protesting over the decision left one man, Ayoub Ag Adji, dead and several others injured. Although the fence was eventually removed, police continue to patrol the areas extensively.


Geography

Tin Zaouatine lies at an elevation of in the far north-western part of the
Adrar des Ifoghas The Adrar des Ifoghas (also Adrar des Iforas; Tamasheq: ⴰⴷⵔⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵓⵖⴰⵙ in Tifinagh; Adrar n Ifoghas; Ifoghas' Mountains) is a massif located in the Kidal Region of Mali, reaching into Algeria. It has an area of aroun ...
mountain range, which lies mostly in
Mali Mali, officially the Republic of Mali, is a landlocked country in West Africa. It is the List of African countries by area, eighth-largest country in Africa, with an area of over . The country is bordered to the north by Algeria, to the east b ...
. A series of long, rocky ridges run from north-south to the west of the town.


Climate

Tin Zaouatine has a
hot desert climate The desert climate or arid climate (in the Köppen climate classification ''BWh'' and ''BWk'') is a dry climate sub-type in which there is a severe excess of evaporation over precipitation. The typically bald, rocky, or sandy surfaces in desert ...
(
Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification divides Earth climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on patterns of seasonal precipitation and temperature. The five main groups are ''A'' (tropical), ''B'' (arid), ''C'' (te ...
''BWh''), with long, extremely hot summers and short, very warm winters. Despite an extremely dry climate, some occasional rainfall occur during the months of August and September due to the influence of the far northern edge of the
West African Monsoon A monsoon () is traditionally a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with annual latitudinal oscill ...
, unlike most of the
Algerian Desert The Algerian Desert () is a desert located in central North Africa within Algeria, constituting part of the Sahara. The desert covers more than 90% of Algeria's total area. In 2018, it was home to a population of 3,600,000 inhabitants, or 10.5% of t ...
. Averages high temperatures soar during the height of the long summer season, with daytime highs always over 40 °C (104 °F) during nearly 4 months and even above 45 °C (113 °F), despite the high elevation of the site.


Education

1.9% of the population has a tertiary education, and another 3.6% has completed secondary education. The overall literacy rate is 47.2%, and is 58.1% among males and 35.3% among females; all three figures are the second lowest in the province (after
In Guezzam In Guezzam (Arabic: إن قزام, ''lit.'' Spring (hydrosphere), springs of Guezzam; Berber language, Berber spelling: Gezzam) is a town and Communes of Algeria, commune that is the capital of In Guezzam Province, Algeria, on the border with Nig ...
).


Localities

The commune is composed of four localities: *Tinzaouatene *Hassi In Tafouk (eastern part) *Oued Tassamak (western part) *Taouandart


Administration and infrastructure

The current mayor of Tin Zaoutine is Mohamed Mansouri (2020), a native of the city, who was in his fourth term in 2016. The municipality is judicially dependent on the In Guezzam court. A gendarmerie brigade is established there, as well as a local health center. Each year, 60 to 70 young high school graduates graduate from Tin Zaouatine high schools. No road connects the locality to its capital Tamanrasset.


References


External links

{{Commonscatinline Communes of In Guezzam Province Tuareg