Tin(IV) sulfide is a compound with the
formula
In science, a formula is a concise way of expressing information symbolically, as in a mathematical formula or a ''chemical formula''. The informal use of the term ''formula'' in science refers to the general construct of a relationship betwe ...
. A brown, water-insoluble solid, it is a
semiconductor
A semiconductor is a material with electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. Its conductivity can be modified by adding impurities (" doping") to its crystal structure. When two regions with different doping level ...
with
band gap
In solid-state physics and solid-state chemistry, a band gap, also called a bandgap or energy gap, is an energy range in a solid where no electronic states exist. In graphs of the electronic band structure of solids, the band gap refers to t ...
2.2 eV. It occurs naturally as the rare
mineral
In geology and mineralogy, a mineral or mineral species is, broadly speaking, a solid substance with a fairly well-defined chemical composition and a specific crystal structure that occurs naturally in pure form.John P. Rafferty, ed. (2011): Mi ...
berndtite.
Synthesis and structure
:
left, Fragment of the SnS2 lattice. Color code: yellow = S, gray = Sn., 120px
The compound precipitates as a brown solid upon the addition of to solutions containing tin(IV) species. This reaction is reversed at low
pH. It can also be prepared by heating finely ground Sn with excess sulfur.
The compound crystallizes in the
cadmium iodide
Cadmium iodide is an inorganic compound with the formula CdI2. It is a white hygroscopic solid. It also can be obtained as a mono- and tetrahydrate. It has few applications. It is notable for its crystal structure, which is typical for compounds ...
motif, with the Sn(IV) situated in "octahedral holes' defined by six sulfide centers.
The material reacts with sulfide salts to give a series of
thiostannates with the formula . A simplified equation for this depolymerization reaction is:
: + →
Potential uses
Crystalline has a bronze color and is used in decorative coating where it is known as
mosaic gold
Mosaic gold or bronze powder refers to tin(IV) sulfide as used as a pigment in bronzing and gilding wood and metal work. It is obtained as a yellow scaly crystalline powder. The alchemists referred to it as aurum musivum, or aurum mosaicum. The ...
.
Tin (IV) sulfide has various uses in electrochemistry. It serves as an anode in prototypes of lithium-ion batteries.
Intercalation with
organometallic
Organometallic chemistry is the study of organometallic compounds, chemical compounds containing at least one chemical bond between a carbon atom of an organic molecule and a metal, including alkali, alkaline earth, and transition metals, and so ...
reagents is reversible.
It has also been evaluated as a component of supercapacitors, which could be used for energy storage.
See also
*
Mosaic Gold
Mosaic gold or bronze powder refers to tin(IV) sulfide as used as a pigment in bronzing and gilding wood and metal work. It is obtained as a yellow scaly crystalline powder. The alchemists referred to it as aurum musivum, or aurum mosaicum. The ...
References
External links
Tin (IV) Sulfide Powder, Stanford Advanced MaterialsTin Sulfide (SnS2), PubChem
{{Sulfides
Tin(IV) compounds
IV-VI semiconductors
Disulfides