1938 map of interwar county Timis-Torontal

Timiș-Torontal was a county ( ro, județ) in the

Kingdom of Romania The Kingdom of Romania ( ro, Regatul României) was a constitutional monarchy that existed in Romania from 13 March ( O.S.) / 25 March 1881 with the crowning of prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen as King Carol I (thus beginning the Romanian ...

. Its capital was

Timișoara ), City of Roses ( ro, Orașul florilor), City of Parks ( ro, Orașul parcurilor) , image_map = Timisoara jud Timis.svg , map_caption = Location in Timiș County , pushpin_map = Romania#Europe , pushpin_ ...

. The territory of the county had been transferred to Romania in 1920 from the

Kingdom of Hungary The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephe ...

under the

Treaty of Trianon The Treaty of Trianon (french: Traité de Trianon, hu, Trianoni békeszerződés, it, Trattato del Trianon) was prepared at the Paris Peace Conference and was signed in the Grand Trianon château in Versailles on 4 June 1920. It formal ...

Geography

Timiș-Torontal County covered 7,600 km² and was located in western part of

Greater Romania The term Greater Romania ( ro, România Mare) usually refers to the borders of the Kingdom of Romania in the interwar period, achieved after the Great Union. It also refers to a pan-nationalist idea. As a concept, its main goal is the creatio ...

, in the

Banat Banat (, ; hu, Bánság; sr, Банат, Banat) is a geographical and historical region that straddles Central and Eastern Europe and which is currently divided among three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania (the counties of ...

. Currently, the territory that comprised Timiș-Torontal County is now mostly part of

Timiș County Timiș () is a county (''județ'') of western Romania on the border with Hungary and Serbia, in the historical region of Banat, with the county seat at Timișoara. It is the westernmost and the largest county in Romania in terms of land area. Th ...

except for the eastern part, the areas around

Lugoj Lugoj (; hu, Lugos; german: Lugosch; sr, Лугош, Lugoš; bg, Лугож; tr, Logoş) is a city in Timiș County, Romania. The Timiș River divides the city into two halves, the so-called "Romanian Lugoj" that spreads on the right bank and t ...

and Făget, which are in

Arad County Arad County () is an administrative division ( judeţ) of Romania roughly translated into county in the western part of the country on the border with Hungary, mostly in the region of Crișana and few villages in Banat. The administrative cente ...

History

On 27 July 1919, the first prefect of Timiș, appointed by the Royal Romanian authorities,

Aurel Cosma Aurel Cosma (September 26, 1867 – July 31, 1931) was a Romanian lawyer and politician. A leader of the National Party in Timișoara before World War I, Cosma was a representative of the Banat in the Great National Assembly of Alba Iulia that v ...

, was installed. The Timiş-Torontal County included the parts of the former counties Temes and Torontál which were awarded to the

as part of the

. The new county was composed, in the first phase, until 1925, the districts ('' plăși''): Buziaş, Centrală (Central), Ciacova, Comloş, Deta, Gătaia, Giulvăz, Jimbolia, Lipova, Periam, Sânnicolaul Mare, and Vinga. On 24 November 1923, there was a border correction between Romania and the

Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes Kingdom commonly refers to: * A monarchy ruled by a king or queen * Kingdom (biology), a category in biological taxonomy Kingdom may also refer to: Arts and media Television * ''Kingdom'' (British TV series), a 2007 British television drama ...

(the forerunner of Yugoslavia). The villages

Jimbolia Jimbolia (; hu, Zsombolya; german: Hatzfeld; sr, Жомбољ, Žombolj; Banat Bulgarian: ''Džimbolj'') is a town in Timiș County, Romania. Geography Jimbolia is located in the west of Timiș County, 39 km from Timișoara, with which it is ...

( hr, Žombolj, hu, Zsombolya),

Beba Veche Beba Veche ( hu, Óbéba; german: Altbeba; sr, Стара Беба, Stara Beba) is a commune in Timiș County. It is composed of three villages: Beba Veche, Cherestur ( hu, Pusztakeresztúr), and Pordeanu ( hu, Porgány). Beba Veche is the wester ...

(Stara Beba, Óbéba), Cherestur (Krstur, Pusztakeresztúr),

Ciortea Vrani ( hu, Alsóvarány) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, western Romania with a population of 1,070 people. It is composed of three villages: Ciortea (''Csorda''), Iertof (''Hévér''), and Vrani. The commune is located in the southwestern ...

(Csorda) and

Iam IAM may refer to: Concepts * Identity and access management, a concept that combines business processes, policies and technologies *Indo-Aryan migration, the theory that speakers of Indo-Aryan languages migrated into the Indian subcontinent duri ...

(Jám) were ceded to Romania, and

Meda Meda may refer to: Places * Meda de Mouros, a parish in Tábua Municipality, Portugal * Medas, a parish in Gondomar Municipality, Portugal * Meda-Ela, Sri Lanka * Međa (Leskovac), village in the municipality of Leskovac, Serbia * Meda, Lombard ...

(Međa, Párdány), Modoș (Modoš, Módos), Șurian (Šurjan, Surján), Căptălan (Busenje, Káptalanfalva), Crivobara (Markovićevo, Torontálújfalu) and

Gaiu Mare Veliki Gaj () is a village located in the Plandište municipality, in the South Banat District of Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. According to the 2002 census, the population of the village was 790 people, of wh ...

(Veliki Gaj, Nagygáj) were handed over to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. In 1925 the Law of Administrative Unification was promulgated. The Timiş-Torontal District was divided into two urban communes (

and Lipova) and 246 rural communes grouped in twelve districts. Subsequently, on 12 December 1926, a thirteenth district was established (Comloş or Comloşul Mare). The county neighbored Caraș County to the southeast,

Severin County Severin County was a county (Romanian: ''județ'') in the Kingdom of Romania, in the historical region of the Banat. Its capital was Lugoj. Severin County was established in 1926, disbanded with the administrative reform of 1938, re-created in 194 ...

to the east,

to the north,

Kingdom of Yugoslavia The Kingdom of Yugoslavia ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Kraljevina Jugoslavija, Краљевина Југославија; sl, Kraljevina Jugoslavija) was a state in Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 until 1941. From 1918 ...

to the west and southwest and

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croa ...

to the northwest. In 1929 Timis-Torontal County was integrated into the 7th Ministerial Directorate, led by

Sever Bocu Sever may refer to: Places in Portugal * Sever (Santa Marta de Penaguião), a civil parish in the municipality of Santa Marta de Penaguião * , a civil parish in Moimenta da Beira Municipality * Sever do Vouga Municipality, a municipality in the ...

.Ioan Munteanu, Rodica Munteanu - ''„Timiș. Monografie”'' (Ed. Marineasa, Timișoara, 1998) In 1938, Timiş-Torontal,

, Caraș County,

and

Hunedoara County Hunedoara County () is a county (''județ'') of Romania, in Transylvania, with its capital city at Deva. The county is part of the Danube–Criș–Mureș–Tisa Euroregion. Name In Hungarian, it is known as , in German as , and in Slovak ...

were merged into the newly founded

Ținutul Timiș Ținutul Timiș was one of the ten Romanian ''ținuturi'' ("lands"), founded in 1938 after King Carol II initiated an institutional reform by modifying the 1923 Constitution and the law of territorial administration. It comprised the Romanian Bana ...

. The counties were re-established in the 1940 administrative reform, only for Timiş-Torontal County to be disbanded with the administrative reform of 6 September 1950.

Administrative organization

Administratively, Timiș-Torontal County was originally divided into ten districts ('' plăși''):Portretul României Interbelice - Județul Timiș-Torontal
/ref> #Plasa Buziaş, with headquarters at Buziaş (with 25 communes) #Plasa Centrală, with headquarters at

(with 23 communes) #Plasa Ciacova, with headquarters at

Ciacova Ciacova ( hu, Csák; german: Tschakowa; sr, Чаково, Čakovo; tr, Çakova) is a town in Timiș County, Romania. It administers four villages: Cebza, Macedonia, Obad and Petroman. When it was declared a town in 2004, the villages of Gad and G ...

(with 17 communes) #Plasa Deta, with headquarters at Deta (with 16 communes) #Plasa Jimbolia, with headquarters at

(with 10 communes) #Plasa Lipova, with headquarters at Lipova (with 27 communes) #Plasa Periam, with headquarters at

Periam Periam (until 1925 Periamoș; german: Perjamosch; hu, Perjámos; sr, Перјамош, Perjamoš) is a communes of Romania, commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of a single village, Periam, and also included Pesac until it broke off ...

(with 17 communes) #Plasca Recaş, with headquarters at Recaş (with 29 communes) #Plasa Sânnicolaul Mare, with headquarters at

Sânnicolau Mare Sânnicolau Mare (; hu, Nagyszentmiklós; german: Großsanktnikolaus; sr, Велики Семиклуш, Veliki Semikluš; Banat Bulgarian: ''Smikluš'') is a town in Timiș County, Romania, and the westernmost of the country. Located in the Ba ...

(with 13 communes) #Plasa Vinga, with headquarters at Vinga (with 18 communes) Subsequently, three more districts were established:

Plastica Comloş, with headquarters at Comloşu Mare (with 9 communes)
Plasa Gătaia, with headquarters at Gătaia (with 17 communes)
Plasa Giulvăz, with headquarters at Giulvăz (with 16 communes)

Population

According to the 1930 census data, the county's population was 499,443, ethnically divided as follows: 37.6% Romanians, 34.9% Germans, 15.4% Hungarians, 5.8% Serbs and Croats, as well as other minorities.Recensământul general al populației României din 29 decemvrie 1930, Vol. II, pag. 468-475 From the religious point of view the inhabitants were Roman Catholic (48.6%), Eastern Orthodox (41.1%), Greek Catholic (2.8%), Reformed (2.5%), as well as other minorities.Recensământul general al populației României din 29 decemvrie 1930, Vol. II, pag. 755-758

Urban population

In the year 1930, the urban population of the county (the cities of

and Lipova) was 97,580 inhabitants, ethnically divided as follows: 30.5% Germans, 29.3% Hungarians, 27.7% Romanians, 7.6% Jews, 2.2% Serbs and Croats, as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, the urban population consisted of 52.1% Roman Catholic, 27.7% Eastern Orthodox, 9.9% Jewish, 5.0% Reformed, 2.8% Greek Catholic, 2.4% Lutheran, as well as other minorities.

References

External links

*
Timiş-Torontal County on memoria.ro
{{DEFAULTSORT:Timis-Torontal County Former counties of Romania 1919 establishments in Romania 1925 establishments in Romania 1938 disestablishments in Romania 1940 establishments in Romania 1950 disestablishments in Romania States and territories established in 1919 States and territories established in 1925 States and territories disestablished in 1938 States and territories established in 1940 States and territories disestablished in 1950