The following is a timeline of the
history
History is the systematic study of the past, focusing primarily on the Human history, human past. As an academic discipline, it analyses and interprets evidence to construct narratives about what happened and explain why it happened. Some t ...
of the city of
Isfahan
Isfahan or Esfahan ( ) is a city in the Central District (Isfahan County), Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan province, Iran. It is the capital of the province, the county, and the district. It is located south of Tehran. The city ...
,
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the nort ...
.
Prior to 16th century
* 771 -
Friday Mosque established in Yahudiyya (approximate date).
[ Retrieved 8 February 2017]
* 1051 - Isfahan besieged by Seljuk forces of
Tughril; city becomes capital of the
Seljuk Empire
The Seljuk Empire, or the Great Seljuk Empire, was a High Middle Ages, high medieval, culturally Turco-Persian tradition, Turco-Persian, Sunni Islam, Sunni Muslim empire, established and ruled by the Qiniq (tribe), Qïnïq branch of Oghuz Turks. ...
.
* 1070 -
Nezamiyeh Madrasa built (approximate date).
* 1107 - Chihil Dukhtaran (minaret) erected.
* 1194 -
Khwarazmian Ala ad-Din Tekish in power.
* 1226 - City sacked by Mongol forces.
* 1228 - City besieged by Mongol forces again.
* 1240/1241 - Isfahan taken by Mongol forces.
* 1325 -
Emamzadeh Jafar (tomb/shrine) built.
* 1341/1342 - Shaikh Abu Esḥāq Inju becomes governor of Isfahan.
* 1356 - Amir Mobārez-al-Din Mo-ḥammad Moẓaffari becomes governor of Isfahan.
* 1387 - Isfahan besieged by forces of
Timur.
16th-19th centuries
* 1503 - Safavid
Ismail I in power.
* 1598 - Isfahan becomes capital of the
Safavid Empire
The Guarded Domains of Iran, commonly called Safavid Iran, Safavid Persia or the Safavid Empire, was one of the largest and longest-lasting Iranian empires. It was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often considered the begi ...
;
Abbas I of Persia in power.
* 1602
**
Si-o-seh pol (bridge) built to newly developed
New Julfa
New Julfa (, ''Now Jolfā'', or , ''Jolfâ-ye Now''; , ''Nor Jugha'') is the Armenians, Armenian quarter of Isfahan, Iran, located along the south bank of the Zayanderud.
Established and named after the Gülüstan, Nakhchivan, older city of Julf ...
.
**
Maydān-i shāh (square) laid out.
* 1619 -
Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque built.
* 1627 - Armenian
Bedkhem Church
Holy Bethlehem Church of New Julfa or Bedkhem Church, (Armenian language, Armenian: , Persian: ), is an Armenian Apostolic Church, Armenian Apostolic church in the New Julfa, Julfa quarter in Isfahan, Iran. One of the most important historical chu ...
built in New Julfa.
* 1630 -
Shah Mosque built (approximate date).
* 1647 -
Chehel Sotoun
Chehel Sotoun (, ) is a Persian pavilion in the middle of a park at the far end of a long pool, in Isfahan, Iran, built by Shah Abbas II to be used for his entertainment and receptions. In this palace, Shah Abbas II and his successors would re ...
palace construction begins.
* 1650 -
Khaju Bridge built.
* 1660 -
Ālī Qāpū (palace) built (approximate date).
* 1670 -
Hasht Behesht palace built.
* 1722 -
Siege of Isfahan
The siege of Isfahan () was a six-month-long siege of Isfahan, the capital of the Safavid dynasty of Iran, by the Hotaki-led Afghan army. It lasted from March to October 1722 and resulted in the city's fall and the beginning of the end of the ...
by Afghan forces.
* 1736 - Persian capital relocated from Isfahan to
Mashhad
Mashhad ( ; ), historically also known as Mashad, Meshhed, or Meshed in English, is the List of Iranian cities by population, second-most-populous city in Iran, located in the relatively remote north-east of the country about from Tehran. ...
.
* 1804/1805 - Famine.
* 1836/1837 - Unrest.
* 1848/1849 - Unrest.
* 1869 - Isfahan economy affected by opening of the
Suez Canal
The Suez Canal (; , ') is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, Indo-Mediterranean, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez and dividing Africa and Asia (and by extension, the Sinai Peninsula from the rest ...
in Egypt.
* 1872 - Famine.
* 1874 -
Mass'oud Mirza Zell-e Soltan becomes governor of Isfahan.
* 1882 - Population: 73,634.
20th century
* 1919 - ''
Zaban-e Zanan'' women's magazine begins publication.
* 1920 - Population: 80,000 (approximate estimate).
* 1921 - Waṭan textile factory in business.
* 1941 - Population: 204,598.
* 1946 -
University of Isfahan established.
* 1953 -
Sepahan F.C. (football club) formed.
* 1959 - Hamadāniān cement factory in business.
* 1966 - Population: 424,045.
* 1970s - Polyacryl Iran Corporation established.
( en)
*1973 - First development organic program
* 1971 - Āryāmehr steel mill begins operating near city.
* 1973 -
Naqsh-e jahan derby (football contest) begins.
* 1976 - Population: 661,510.
* 1977 -
Ālī Qāpū,
Chehel Sotoun
Chehel Sotoun (, ) is a Persian pavilion in the middle of a park at the far end of a long pool, in Isfahan, Iran, built by Shah Abbas II to be used for his entertainment and receptions. In this palace, Shah Abbas II and his successors would re ...
, and
Hasht Behesht palaces
restored.
* 1977 -
Isfahan University of Technology established.
* 1979 -
Naqsh-e Jahan Square designated an UNESCO
World Heritage Site
World Heritage Sites are landmarks and areas with legal protection under an treaty, international treaty administered by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, or scientific significance. The sites are judged to contain "cultural and natural ...
.
* 1983 - becomes mayor.
( fa)
* 1984 -
Isfahan International Airport opens.
* 1986 - Population: 986,753.
* 1996 - Population: 1,266,072.
* 1999 - February:
Local election
In many parts of the world, local elections take place to select office-holders in local government, such as mayors and councillors. Elections to positions within a city or town are often known as "municipal elections". Their form and conduct var ...
held.
21st century
* 2003
**
Naghsh-e Jahan Stadium opens.
** becomes mayor.
( fa)
* 2011 - Population: 1,756,126.
* 2013 - 14 June:
Local election
In many parts of the world, local elections take place to select office-holders in local government, such as mayors and councillors. Elections to positions within a city or town are often known as "municipal elections". Their form and conduct var ...
held.
* 2014 - City becomes part of newly formed national administrative
Region 2.
* 2015
**
Isfahan Metro begins operating.
**
Mehdi Jamalinejad becomes
mayor of Isfahan.
* 2023
**
2023 Iran drone attacks
**99.54% of the population have natural gas network access.
**Unemployed: 180,000, jobs openings: 12000
**Shah Mosque tower and dome tilted; 14 billion toman allocated to renovate the buildings.
**5,994 city crossings named after martyrs of Iraq-Iran War by the municipal government.
**Isfahan province divided into 212 police blocks.
*2024
**19 April:
Isfahan missile strike
**Asian cooperation dialogue event held in the city.
See also
*
Isfahan history (
fr)
*
Other names of Isfahan
*
List of mayors of Isfahan (
fa)
*
List of historical structures in Isfahan Province
*
Timelines of other
cities
A city is a human settlement of a substantial size. The term "city" has different meanings around the world and in some places the settlement can be very small. Even where the term is limited to larger settlements, there is no universally agree ...
in Iran:
Bandar Abbas,
Hamadan
Hamadan ( ; , ) is a mountainous city in western Iran. It is located in the Central District of Hamadan County in Hamadan province, serving as the capital of the province, county, and district. As of the 2016 Iranian census, it had a po ...
,
Kerman,
Mashhad
Mashhad ( ; ), historically also known as Mashad, Meshhed, or Meshed in English, is the List of Iranian cities by population, second-most-populous city in Iran, located in the relatively remote north-east of the country about from Tehran. ...
,
Qom,
Shiraz,
Tabriz
Tabriz (; ) is a city in the Central District (Tabriz County), Central District of Tabriz County, in the East Azerbaijan province, East Azerbaijan province of northwestern Iran. It serves as capital of the province, the county, and the distric ...
,
Tehran
Tehran (; , ''Tehrân'') is the capital and largest city of Iran. It is the capital of Tehran province, and the administrative center for Tehran County and its Central District (Tehran County), Central District. With a population of around 9. ...
,
Yazd
References
''This article incorporates information from the
Persian Wikipedia and
German Wikipedia.''
Bibliography
in English
Published prior to 19th century
*
Published in the 20th century
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
* Eckart Ehlers. "Capitals and spatial organization in Iran: Esfahân, Shirâz, Tehran," in Chahryar Adle and Bernard Hourcade, eds., Téhéran: Capitale bicentenaire, (Paris and Teheran: Institut Français de Recherche en Iran, 1992), pp. 155–172.
*
*
* Stephen P. Blake. Half the World: A Social Architecture of Safavid Isfahan, 1590-1722 (Costa Mesa, Cal.: Mazda, 1999)
*
part 2, 2001
Published in the 21st century
*
*
*
*
*
* Sussan Babaie. Isfahan and Its Palaces: Statecraft, Shiʿism, and the Architecture of Conviviality in Early Modern Iran. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2008
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
* Kheirandish, Elaheh. ''Baghdad and Isfahan: A Dialogue of Two Cities in an Age of Science CA. 750-1750'' (Harvard UP, 2021
excerpt
in other languages
* (Biographical dictionary written in 10th century CE)
* (Written in 11th century CE)
* (Biographical dictionary written in 11th century CE)
*
*
*
* circa 1920s?
*
*
* H. Gaube and E. Wirth. Der Bazar von Isfahan, Tübinger Atlas des Vorderen Orients, Beihefte B/22, Wiesbaden, 1978.
*
* (Special issue on Isfahan)
External links
* (Includes multiple articles)
* (Bibliography)
Items related to Isfahan various dates (via
Qatar Digital Library)
Items related to Isfahan various dates (via
Europeana)
Items related to Isfahan various dates (via
Digital Public Library of America)
*
*
{{Years in Iran
Years in Iran
Isfahan
Isfahan
Isfahan or Esfahan ( ) is a city in the Central District (Isfahan County), Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan province, Iran. It is the capital of the province, the county, and the district. It is located south of Tehran. The city ...
History of Isfahan province