The following is a timeline of the

history History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the History of writing#Inventions of writing, invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbr ...

of the city of Aachen, Germany.

Prior to 14th century

* 451 – Town "pillaged by the Huns." * 786 – Palace of Charlemagne construction begins. * 796 – Palatine Chapel construction begins (approximate date). * 799 – (

militia A militia () is generally an army or some other fighting organization of non- professional soldiers, citizens of a country, or subjects of a state, who may perform military service during a time of need, as opposed to a professional force of r ...

) formed. * 813 – 13 September: Coronation of

Louis the Pious Louis the Pious (german: Ludwig der Fromme; french: Louis le Pieux; 16 April 778 – 20 June 840), also called the Fair, and the Debonaire, was King of the Franks and co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813. He was also King of Aqui ...

King of the Franks The Franks, Germanic-speaking peoples that invaded the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century, were first led by individuals called dukes and reguli. The earliest group of Franks that rose to prominence was the Salian Merovingians, who c ...

. * 814 – 28 January: Death of

Charlemagne Charlemagne ( , ) or Charles the Great ( la, Carolus Magnus; german: Karl der Große; 2 April 747 – 28 January 814), a member of the Carolingian dynasty, was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and the first Em ...

. * 816 – Catholic Council of Aachen establishes the Rule of Aix. * 936 – 7 August: Coronation of

King of Germany This is a list of monarchs who ruled over East Francia, and the Kingdom of Germany (''Regnum Teutonicum''), from the division of the Frankish Empire in 843 and the collapse of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806 until the collapse of the German Emp ...

Otto I Otto I (23 November 912 – 7 May 973), traditionally known as Otto the Great (german: Otto der Große, it, Ottone il Grande), was East Frankish king from 936 and Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973. He was the oldest son of Henr ...

Aachen Cathedral Aachen Cathedral (german: Aachener Dom) is a Roman Catholic church in Aachen, Germany and the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Aachen. One of the oldest cathedrals in Europe, it was constructed by order of Emperor Charlemagne, who was bu ...

. * 961 – Coronation of

Otto II Otto II (955 – 7 December 983), called the Red (''der Rote''), was Holy Roman Emperor from 973 until his death in 983. A member of the Ottonian dynasty, Otto II was the youngest and sole surviving son of Otto the Great and Adelaide of Ital ...

. * 983 ** Coronation of

Otto III Otto III (June/July 980 – 23 January 1002) was Holy Roman Emperor from 996 until his death in 1002. A member of the Ottonian dynasty, Otto III was the only son of the Emperor Otto II and his wife Theophanu. Otto III was crowned as King ...

as King of Germany. ** Chapel rebuilt. * 1028 – Coronation of Henry III as King of Germany. * 1054 – Coronation of Henry IV * 1087 – Coronation of

Conrad II Conrad II ( – 4 June 1039), also known as and , was the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire from 1027 until his death in 1039. The first of a succession of four Salian emperors, who reigned for one century until 1125, Conrad ruled the kingdoms ...

. * 1099 – Coronation of

Henry V Henry V may refer to: People * Henry V, Duke of Bavaria (died 1026) * Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor (1081/86–1125) * Henry V, Duke of Carinthia (died 1161) * Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine (c. 1173–1227) * Henry V, Count of Luxembourg (12 ...

as King of Germany. * 1125 – Coronation of

Lothair II Lothair II (835 – 8 August 869) was the king of Lotharingia from 855 until his death. He was the second son of Emperor Lothair I and Ermengarde of Tours. He was married to Teutberga (died 875), daughter of Boso the Elder. Reign For politi ...

as King of the Romans. * 1138 – Coronation of

Conrad III Conrad III (german: Konrad; it, Corrado; 1093 or 1094 – 15 February 1152) of the Hohenstaufen dynasty was from 1116 to 1120 Duke of Franconia, from 1127 to 1135 anti-king of his predecessor Lothair III and from 1138 until his death in 1152 ...

as King of the Romans. * 1147 – Coronation of

Henry Berengar Henry Berengar (1136/7–1150), sometimes numbered Henry (VI), was the eldest legitimate son of Conrad III of Germany and his second wife, Gertrude von Sulzbach. He was named after his father's maternal grandfather, the Emperor Henry IV, and his mo ...

as King of Germany. * 1152 – Coronation of

Frederick I Frederick I may refer to: * Frederick of Utrecht or Frederick I (815/16–834/38), Bishop of Utrecht. * Frederick I, Duke of Upper Lorraine (942–978) * Frederick I, Duke of Swabia (1050–1105) * Frederick I, Count of Zol ...

as King of the Romans. * 1169 – Coronation of Henry VI as King of the Romans. * 1198 – Coronation of

Otto IV Otto IV (1175 – 19 May 1218) was the Holy Roman Emperor from 1209 until his death in 1218. Otto spent most of his early life in England and France. He was a follower of his uncle Richard the Lionheart, who made him Count of Poitou in 119 ...

. * 1205 – Coronation of

Philip of Swabia Philip of Swabia (February/March 1177 – 21 June 1208) was a member of the House of Hohenstaufen and King of Germany from 1198 until his assassination. The death of his older brother Emperor Henry VI in 1197 meant that the Hohenstaufen rule ( ...

. * 1215 ** Coronation of Frederick II. **

Karlsschrein The Karlsschrein ( en, Shrine of Charlemagne) is located in Aachen Cathedral and contains the remains of Charlemagne. It was completed in 1215 in Aachen at the command of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor. Previously, Charlemagne's remains had ...

(shrine of Charlemagne) built in cathedral. * 1222 – Coronation of

Henry Henry may refer to: People * Henry (given name) *Henry (surname) * Henry Lau, Canadian singer and musician who performs under the mononym Henry Royalty * Portuguese royalty ** King-Cardinal Henry, King of Portugal ** Henry, Count of Portugal, ...

as German King. * 1248 – Siege of Aachen; followed by coronation of

William II of Holland William II (February 1227 – 28 January 1256) was the Count of Holland and Zeeland from 1234 until his death. He was elected anti-king of Germany in 1248 and ruled as sole king from 1254 onwards. Early life William was the eldest son and heir ...

. * 1257 – Coronation of

Richard Richard is a male given name. It originates, via Old French, from Old Frankish and is a compound of the words descending from Proto-Germanic ''*rīk-'' 'ruler, leader, king' and ''*hardu-'' 'strong, brave, hardy', and it therefore means 'stro ...

as King of the Romans. * 1273 – Coronation of Rudolph I. * 1292 – Coronation of

Adolf, King of Germany Adolf (c. 1255 – 2 July 1298) was the count of Nassau from about 1276 and the elected king of Germany from 1292 until his deposition by the prince-electors in 1298. He was never crowned by the pope, which would have secured him the imperia ...

. * 1298 – Coronation of

Albert I Albert I may refer to: People Born before 1300 * Albert I, Count of Vermandois (917–987) * Albert I, Count of Namur () * Albert I of Moha * Albert I of Brandenburg (), first margrave of Brandenburg * Albert I, Margrave of Meissen (1158–1195) *A ...

. *late 13th century – Ponttor (city gate) built, first mentioned in 1320. * 1300 – (gate) built (approximate date).

14th–18th centuries

* 1306 – Aachen becomes a

Free Imperial City In the Holy Roman Empire, the collective term free and imperial cities (german: Freie und Reichsstädte), briefly worded free imperial city (', la, urbs imperialis libera), was used from the fifteenth century to denote a self-ruling city that ...

of the Holy Roman Empire. * 1309 – Coronation of Henry VII as King of the Romans. * 1314 – Coronation of Louis IV as King of the Romans. * 1349 – Coronation of Charles IV as King of the Romans. * 1353 – Aachen Town Hall built. * 1376 – Coronation of Wenceslaus IV as King of Germany. * 1414 – Coronation of

Sigismund Sigismund (variants: Sigmund, Siegmund) is a German proper name, meaning "protection through victory", from Old High German ''sigu'' "victory" + ''munt'' "hand, protection". Tacitus latinises it '' Segimundus''. There appears to be an older form o ...

as King of the Romans. * 1442 – Coronation of Frederick III as King of the Romans. * 1486 – Coronation of Maximilian I as King of the Romans. * 1520 – Coronation of

Charles V Charles V may refer to: * Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (1500–1558) * Charles V of Naples (1661–1700), better known as Charles II of Spain * Charles V of France (1338–1380), called the Wise * Charles V, Duke of Lorraine (1643–1690) * Infant ...

as King of Germany. * 1531 – Coronation of

Ferdinand I Ferdinand I or Fernando I may refer to: People * Ferdinand I of León, ''the Great'' (ca. 1000–1065, king from 1037) * Ferdinand I of Portugal and the Algarve, ''the Handsome'' (1345–1383, king from 1367) * Ferdinand I of Aragon and Sicily, '' ...

. * 1580 –

Protestant Reformation The Reformation (alternatively named the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation) was a major movement within Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the Catholic Church and in ...

(approximate date). * 1601 – Population: 14,171. The Siege of Aachen

* 1614 – August: Siege of Aachen. * 1656 – Fire. * 1668 – May: Town hosts signing of the

Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1668) __NOTOC__ The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle or Aachen ended the War of Devolution between France and Spain. It was signed on 2 May 1668 in Aachen (french: Aix-la-Chapelle). Spain acceded on 7 May 1669. The treaty was mediated and guaranteed by ...

. * 1748 – April: Town hosts international Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle and signing of

treaty A treaty is a formal, legally binding written agreement between actors in international law. It is usually made by and between sovereign states, but can include international organizations, individuals, business entities, and other legal perso ...

. * 1787 – active. * 1794 – Town occupied by French forces. * 1795 – Population: 23,413.

19th century

* 1801 ** Town becomes part of

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan ar ...

, per Peace of Lunéville. **

Roman Catholic Diocese of Aachen The Diocese of Aachen is one of 27 dioceses in Germany and one of the six dioceses in the ecclesiastical province of Cologne. The incumbent bishop is Helmut Dieser, who was appointed by Pope Francis on 23 September 2016. The bishop's seat is Aa ...

established. * 1815 – Town becomes part of the

Kingdom of Prussia The Kingdom of Prussia (german: Königreich Preußen, ) constituted the German state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918. Marriott, J. A. R., and Charles Grant Robertson. ''The Evolution of Prussia, the Making of an Empire''. Rev. ed. Oxford: ...

, per

Congress of Vienna The Congress of Vienna (, ) of 1814–1815 was a series of international diplomatic meetings to discuss and agree upon a possible new layout of the European political and constitutional order after the downfall of the French Emperor Napoleon B ...

. * 1817 ** (bookseller) in business. ** Population: 32,300. * 1818 – October: Town hosts international Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle. * 1825 **

Theater Aachen Theater Aachen is a theatre in Aachen, Germany. It is the principal venue in that city for operas, musical theatre and plays. It is the home of the Aachen Symphony Orchestra. The original project was by Johann Peter Cremer, later altered by Kar ...

opens. **

Lower Rhenish Music Festival The Lower Rhenish Music Festival (German: Das Niederrheinische Musikfest) was one of the most important festivals of classical music, which happened every year between 1818 and 1958, with few exceptions, at Pentecost for 112 times. History In ...

held. * 1834 –

held; performers include

Frédéric Chopin Frédéric François Chopin (born Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin; 1 March 181017 October 1849) was a Polish composer and virtuoso pianist of the Romantic period, who wrote primarily for solo piano. He has maintained worldwide renown as a leadin ...

. * 1840 – Population: 44,289. * 1841 – Cologne-Aachen

railway Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport that transfers passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, which are incorporated in Track (rail transport), tracks. In contrast to road transport, where the ...

begins operating. * 1846 –

held, directed by Felix Mendelssohn; performers include

Jenny Lind Johanna Maria "Jenny" Lind (6 October 18202 November 1887) was a Swedish opera singer, often called the "Swedish Nightingale". One of the most highly regarded singers of the 19th century, she performed in soprano roles in opera in Sweden and a ...

* 1849 –

Reuters Reuters ( ) is a news agency owned by Thomson Reuters Corporation. It employs around 2,500 journalists and 600 photojournalists in about 200 locations worldwide. Reuters is one of the largest news agencies in the world. The agency was est ...

news agency in business. * 1853 – Aachen–Mönchengladbach railway begins operating. * 1857 –

held, directed by

Franz Liszt Franz Liszt, in modern usage ''Liszt Ferenc'' . Liszt's Hungarian passport spelled his given name as "Ferencz". An orthographic reform of the Hungarian language in 1922 (which was 36 years after Liszt's death) changed the letter "cz" to simpl ...

. * 1859 – Church of Our Lady built. * 1867 – Population: 67,923. * 1870 – Polytechnikum (school) opens. * 1880 –

Tram A tram (called a streetcar or trolley in North America) is a rail vehicle that travels on tramway tracks on public urban streets; some include segments on segregated right-of-way. The tramlines or networks operated as public transport ...

begins operating. * 1885 ** (history association) founded. ** Population: 95,321. * 1888 – Church of St. James built. * 1890 – Population: 103,470. * 1895 – Electric

tram A tram (called a streetcar or trolley in North America) is a rail vehicle that travels on tramway tracks on public urban streets; some include segments on segregated right-of-way. The tramlines or networks operated as public transport ...

begins operating. * 1897 –

Burtscheid Burtscheid ( la, Porcetum) is a district of the city of Aachen, part of the Aachen-Mitte Stadtbezirk. It is a health resort. History It was inhabited since ancient times by Celts and ancient Rome, Romans, who were attracted by the presence of ho ...

becomes part of Aachen. * 1900 –

Alemannia Aachen Alemannia Aachen () or ATSV Alemannia 1900 is a German football club from the western city of Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia. A long term fixture of the country's second division, ''Alemannia'' enjoyed a three-year turn in the Bundesliga in the ...

football club formed.

20th century

* 1905 – Aachen Hauptbahnhof (railway station) opens. * 1908 – Jünglingverein Sankt Jakob Aachen (sport club) formed. * 1919 – Population: 145,748. * 1923 – October:

Rhenish Republic The Rhenish Republic (german: Rheinische Republik) was proclaimed at Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle) in October 1923 during the occupation of the Ruhr by troops from France and Belgium (January 19231925) and subjected itself to French protectorate. I ...

established. * 1924 –

ends. * 1928 –

Tivoli Tivoli may refer to: * Tivoli, Lazio, a town in Lazio, Italy, known for historic sites; the inspiration for other places named Tivoli Buildings * Tivoli (Baltimore, Maryland), a mansion built about 1855 * Tivoli Building (Cheyenne, Wyoming), a ...

stadium opens. * 1942 – Forced labour camp established in the

district. * 1944 ** April: Forced labour camp moved from Burtscheid to the Steinebrück district. ** May: Forced labour camp in Steinebrück dissolved. ** October:

Battle of Aachen The Battle of Aachen was a combat action of World War II, fought by American and German forces in and around Aachen, Germany, between 2–21 October 1944. The city had been incorporated into the Siegfried Line, the main defensive network on ...

. Americans capture city. * 1949 –

Aachen I Aachen I is an electoral constituency (German: ''Wahlkreis'') represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 87. It is located i ...

parliamentary district created. * 1950 – Zimmertheater Aachen founded. * 1951 –

rebuilt. * 1954 – Elysee Theatre re-opens. * 1956 – Belvedere Water Tower built. * 1959 –

Scotch-Club The Scotch Club in Aachen was one of the first discothèque in Germany, opening on 19 October 1959. It was closed in 1992. Origin of the discothèque On Monday 19 October 1959, the former restaurant The Scotch Club in Aachen, North Rhine Westphali ...

opens. * 1960 – (zoo) established. * 1961 – Museum established in Frankenberg Castle. * 1965 – founded. * 1968 – built. * 1970 – July: Aachen Open Air Pop Festival held. * 1971 ** Aachen University of Applied Sciences established. ** Population: 176,626. * 1972 **

Brand A brand is a name, term, design, symbol or any other feature that distinguishes one seller's good or service from those of other sellers. Brands are used in business, marketing, and advertising for recognition and, importantly, to create a ...

becomes part of Aachen. ** Kurt Malangré becomes mayor. ** Population: 238,570. * 1980 – Rugby Club Aachen formed. * 1985 –

Klinikum Aachen The Uniklinikum Aachen, full German name ''Universitätsklinikum Aachen'' ("University Hospital Aachen", abbreviated ''UKA''), formerly known as ''Neues Klinikum'' ("New Clinic"), is the university hospital of the city of Aachen, Germany ...

opens. * 1986 ** First independent Theatre (Theater 99) opens ** (art nonprofit) founded. * 1989 –

Jürgen Linden Jürgen Linden (born January 13, 1947) is a German politician ( Social Democratic Party of Germany) and was Lord Mayor of Aachen from 1989 to 2009. Life Linden is the speaker of the board of directors of the Charlemagne Prize of the city of Aac ...

becomes mayor. * 2000 – Karlsgarten (garden) opens.

21st century

* 2003 –

Cologne–Aachen high-speed railway The Cologne–Aachen high-speed line is the German part of the Trans-European transport networks project ''high-speed line Paris–Brussels–Cologne''. It is not a newly built railway line, but a project to upgrade the existing railway line whic ...

in operation. * 2006 – Host of

World Equestrian Games The FEI World Equestrian Games are the major international championships for equestrianism, and are administered by the Fédération Equestre Internationale (FEI). The games have been held every four years, halfway between sets of consecutive S ...

. * 2009 ** New Tivoli stadium opens. ** becomes mayor. ** City becomes part of Städteregion Aachen. * 2012 – Population: 240,086. * 2015 – City hosts the

2015 European Dressage Championships The 2015 European Dressage Championships was held between August 12 and August 16, 2015 in Aachen, Germany. It formed part of the 2015 FEI European Championships; other disciplines included were jumping, reining and vaulting. It also served as ...

. * 2019 – Treaty on Franco-German Cooperation and Integration signed by French president

Macron Macron may refer to: People * Emmanuel Macron (born 1977), president of France since 2017 ** Brigitte Macron (born 1953), French teacher, wife of Emmanuel Macron * Jean-Michel Macron (born 1950), French professor of neurology, father of Emmanu ...

and German Federal Chancellor Merkel. * 2020 –

Sibylle Keupen Sibylle Keupen (* 1963 in Mayen) is a German politician (non-party, close to the Green Party) and a qualified pedagogue. She has been the Lord Mayor of Aachen since November 1, 2020. Education and personal life During 1982-83 she studied the ...

becomes first female mayor.

References

:''This article incorporates information from the

Dutch Wikipedia The Dutch Wikipedia ( nl, Nederlandstalige Wikipedia) is the Dutch-language edition of the free online encyclopedia, Wikipedia. It was founded on 19 June 2001. As of , the Dutch Wikipedia is the -largest Wikipedia edition, with articles. It w ...

and

German Wikipedia The German Wikipedia (german: Deutschsprachige Wikipedia) is the German-language edition of Wikipedia, a free and publicly editable online encyclopedia. Founded on March 16, 2001, it is the second-oldest Wikipedia (after the English Wikipedia) ...

.''

Bibliography

in English

;published in the 18th-19th centuries * * * * * * * * * * * ;published in the 20th century * * *

in German

* * . Circa 1647/1660 * Christian Quix. ''Beiträge zur Geschichte der Stadt Aachen und ihrer Umgebungen.'' Mit 14 Urkunden, Dritter Band, Jacob Anton Mayer, 1838. * (bibliography) * * Hugo Loersch. ''Aachener Rechtsdenkmäler aus dem 13., 14. und 15. Jahrhundert.'' Bonn 1871. * Friedrich Haagen. ''Geschichte Achens von seinen Anfängen bis zur neuesten Zeit.'' Band 2: Vom Jahre 1400–1865. Aachen 1874. * * * * Max Wohlhage: ''Aachen im Dreissigjährigen Kriege'' Aachen 1911. * * *

External links

* Europeana
Items related to Aachen
various dates {{Germany year nav Years in Germany Aachen aachen