Time diversity is used in digital communication systems to combat that the transmissions channel may suffer from

error burst In telecommunications, a burst error or error burst is a contiguous sequence of symbols, received over a communication channel, such that the first and last symbols are in error and there exists no contiguous subsequence of ''m'' correctly receiv ...

s due to time-varying channel conditions. The error bursts may be caused by

fading In wireless communications, fading is the variation of signal attenuation over variables like time, geographical position, and radio frequency. Fading is often modeled as a random process. In wireless systems, fading may either be due to mul ...

in combination with a moving receiver, transmitter or obstacle, or by intermittent electromagnetic interference, for example from

crosstalk In electronics, crosstalk (XT) is a phenomenon by which a signal transmitted on one circuit or channel of a transmission system creates an undesired effect in another circuit or channel. Crosstalk is usually caused by undesired capacitive, ...

in a cable, or

co-channel interference Co-channel interference or CCI is crosstalk from two different radio transmitters using the same channel. Co-channel interference can be caused by many factors from weather conditions to administrative and design issues. Co-channel interferen ...

from radio transmitters. Time diversity implies that the same data is transmitted multiple times, or a redundant

error correcting code In computing, telecommunication, information theory, and coding theory, forward error correction (FEC) or channel coding is a technique used for controlling errors in data transmission over unreliable or noisy communication channels. The centra ...

is added. By means of bit-interleaving, the error bursts may be spread in time.

See also