The ''Timarion'' () is a

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pseudo- Lucianic

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dialogue probably composed in the twelfth century (there are references to the eleventh-century Michael Psellus), though possibly later. The eponymous hero, on his way to a

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at Thessalonica, is unexpectedly taken to

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, which is ruled by pagan figures and pagan justice (including the emperor Theophilos as a judge), and where " Galilæans" (that is,

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) make up only one

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(αἵρεσις) of many. In one scene, a eunuch whose face "shines like the sun" whispers in Timarion's ear. His companion Theodore says it's his guardian angel.

Edition and translation

* R. Romano, "Pseudo-Luciano, ''Timarione''", in ''Byzantina et neo-hellenica neapolitana 2''.

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: Università di Napoli. Cattedra di filologia bizantina, 1974; pp. 49-92. * B. Baldwin, ''Timarion, Translated with Introduction and Commentary''.

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, 1984. * Anonim Bir Bizans Hicvi Timarion, çev: Engin ÖZTÜRK, İstanbul: Urzeni Yayınları, 2020.

References

* Kaldellis, A., ''Hellenism in Byzantium: The Transformations of Greek Identity and the Reception of the Classical Tradition''.

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: CUP, 2008; pp. 276-283. * ''Ejusdem'', "The ''Timarion'': Toward a Literary Interpretation", in P. Odorico (ed.), ''La face cachée de la littérature Byzantine: Le texte en tant que message immédiat''.

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: École des hautes études en sciences sociales, Centre d’études Byzantines, néo-helléniques et sud-est européennes (''Dossiers byzantins'', vol. 7, forthcoming). * Kazhdan, A. and A. Wharton-Epstein, ''Change in Byzantine Culture in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries''. Berkeley and

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, 1990; pp. 139''sq''. Byzantine literature 12th-century books {{Byzantine-stub

Edition and translation

See also

References