Timothy "Tim" George Hodgkinson (born 1 May 1949) is an English

experimental music Experimental music is a general label for any music or music genre that pushes existing boundaries and genre definitions. Experimental compositional practice is defined broadly by exploratory sensibilities radically opposed to, and questioning of, ...

composer and performer, principally on reeds, lap steel guitar, and keyboards. He first became known as one of the core members of the British avant-rock group Henry Cow, which he formed with

Fred Frith Jeremy Webster "Fred" Frith (born 17 February 1949) is an English multi-instrumentalist, composer, and improviser. Probably best known for his guitar work, Frith first came to attention as one of the founding members of the English avant-rock ...

in 1968. After the demise of Henry Cow, he participated in numerous bands and projects, eventually concentrating on composing contemporary music and performing as an improviser.

Biography

Tim Hodgkinson was born in Salisbury, Wiltshire in England on 1 May 1949, and was educated at

Winchester College Winchester College is a public school (fee-charging independent day and boarding school) in Winchester, Hampshire, England. It was founded by William of Wykeham in 1382 and has existed in its present location ever since. It is the oldest of ...

and

Trinity College, Cambridge Trinity College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Founded in 1546 by King Henry VIII, Trinity is one of the largest Cambridge colleges, with the largest financial endowment of any college at either Cambridge or Oxford. ...

. He graduated in social anthropology from

Cambridge Cambridge ( ) is a university city and the county town in Cambridgeshire, England. It is located on the River Cam approximately north of London. As of the 2021 United Kingdom census, the population of Cambridge was 145,700. Cambridge beca ...

in 1971, but chose to pursue a musical career instead. His interest in

anthropology Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures, societies, and linguistics, in both the present and past, including past human species. Social anthropology studies patterns of be ...

, however, remained and he drew on it later during a series of study trips to

Siberia Siberia ( ; rus, Сибирь, r=Sibir', p=sʲɪˈbʲirʲ, a=Ru-Сибирь.ogg) is an extensive geographical region, constituting all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has been a part o ...

Henry Cow

While still at university, Hodgkinson and fellow student Fred Frith formed the seminal avant-rock group Henry Cow in 1968. Hodgkinson remained with Henry Cow as one of the band's core members until their demise in 1978 and composed a number of their musical pieces, most notably, " Living in the Heart of the Beast" (recorded on their 1975 album, '' In Praise of Learning''), and " Erk Gah" (never formally recorded, but live versions appearing in '' The 40th Anniversary Henry Cow Box Set''). Henry Cow was the foundation of Hodgkinson's musical education, and it was an opportunity for him to work closely with other

instrumentalists A musician is a person who composes, conducts, or performs music. According to the United States Employment Service, "musician" is a general term used to designate one who follows music as a profession. Musicians include songwriters who ...

and develop new musical landscapes. After Henry Cow split, Hodgkinson and fellow band member Chris Cutler compiled ''The Henry Cow Book'', a collection of documents and information about the band, published in 1981. In November 1973, Hodgkinson (and other members of Henry Cow) participated in a live-in-the-studio performance of Mike Oldfield's ''

Tubular Bells Tubular bells (also known as chimes) are musical instruments in the percussion family. Their sound resembles that of church bells, carillon, or a bell tower; the original tubular bells were made to duplicate the sound of church bells wit ...

'' for the BBC. It is available on Oldfield's ''

Elements Element or elements may refer to: Science * Chemical element, a pure substance of one type of atom * Heating element, a device that generates heat by electrical resistance * Orbital elements, parameters required to identify a specific orbit of ...

'' DVD.

Other projects

In 1980 Hodgkinson formed The Work, a

post-punk Post-punk (originally called new musick) is a broad genre of punk music that emerged in the late 1970s as musicians departed from punk's traditional elements and raw simplicity, instead adopting a variety of avant-garde sensibilities and non-r ...

band with guitarist-composer Bill Gilonis, bassist

Mick Hobbs Mick is a masculine given name, usually a short form ( hypocorism) of Michael. Because of its popularity in Ireland, it is often used in England as a derogatory term for an Irish person or a person of Irish descent. In Australia the meaning broa ...

and drummer Rick Wilson. At the same time Hodgkinson and Gilonis formed the

independent record label An independent record label (or indie label) is a record label that operates without the funding or distribution of major record labels; they are a type of small- to medium-sized enterprise, or SME. The labels and artists are often represented ...

, Woof Records. Over the next few years, The Work toured Europe. After performing at a Rock in Opposition festival in

Bonn The federal city of Bonn ( lat, Bonna) is a city on the banks of the Rhine in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, with a population of over 300,000. About south-southeast of Cologne, Bonn is in the southernmost part of the Rhine-Ru ...

with vocalist

Catherine Jauniaux Catherine Jauniaux is a Belgian avant-garde singer. She has been described as a "one-woman-orchestra", a "human sampler", and "one of the best kept secrets in the world of improvised music". Her solo album, ''Fluvial'' (1983) is regarded as one ...

in 1982, the band and Jauniaux recorded '' Slow Crimes'' (1982) for the Woof label. Later that year, with a slightly altered line-up of Hodgkinson, Gilonis, Amos and Chris Cutler, they performed in Japan. A concert in

Osaka is a designated city in the Kansai region of Honshu in Japan. It is the capital of and most populous city in Osaka Prefecture, and the third most populous city in Japan, following Special wards of Tokyo and Yokohama. With a population of ...

in June 1982 was recorded with a cassette recorder halfway down the hall and was later cleaned up and released on an LP ''

Live in Japan ''Live in Japan'' can refer to one of the following albums or videos: Albums * ''Live in Japan'' (21st Century Schizoid Band album) * ''Live in Japan'' (22-20s album) * ''Live in Japan'' (B.B. King album) * ''Live in Japan'' (Beck, Bogert & Appice ...

'' (1982). After the Japanese tour, The Work disbanded but reformed again in 1989 with the original line-up to record two industrial/

noise Noise is unwanted sound considered unpleasant, loud or disruptive to hearing. From a physics standpoint, there is no distinction between noise and desired sound, as both are vibrations through a medium, such as air or water. The difference aris ...

albums, ''Rubber Cage'' (1989) and ''See'' (1992). In February 1987 Hodgkinson toured with South African band Kalahari Surfers, playing at the "Rote Lieder DDR" Festival of Political Songs. In 1990 Hodgkinson and Ken Hyder, a Scottish percussionist and improviser, who had been performing together since 1978 (and used to be called Shams), toured

Soviet Far East The Russian Far East (russian: Дальний Восток России, r=Dal'niy Vostok Rossii, p=ˈdalʲnʲɪj vɐˈstok rɐˈsʲiɪ) is a region in Northeast Asia. It is the easternmost part of Russia and the Asian continent; and is admin ...

and the heart of USSR (Moscow,

Leningrad Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...

) as a

duo Duo may refer to: Places *Duo, West Virginia, an unincorporated community and coal town in Greenbrier County, West Virginia *Duo, Tampere, a shopping centre in Hervanta, Tampere, Finland * DUO, a twin-tower development in Singapore Arts, enterta ...

under the banner "

Friendly British Invasion™ Friendly may refer to: Places * Friendly, West Yorkshire, a settlement in Calderdale, West Yorkshire, England * Friendly, Maryland, an unincorporated community in the United States * Friendly, Eugene, Oregon, a neighborhood in the United States * ...

: In Search for the Soviet Sham(an)s" – probably the longest tour produced at the time independently from major Soviet concert officials (by distant Far-Eastern member of the

Soviet Jazz Federation The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nation ...

and due to the latter's assistance). Later on, they made many other trips to Russia and study trips to Siberia particularly to make contact with local musicians and

ritual A ritual is a sequence of activities involving gestures, words, actions, or objects, performed according to a set sequence. Rituals may be prescribed by the traditions of a community, including a religious community. Rituals are characterized, b ...

specialists. It was during these times that they met shamanic musician Gendos Chamzyryn from Tuva and as a trio, they toured Altay villages in the summer of 1998. Chamzyryn played a variety of traditional Tuvan instruments and used the deep-vocal Kargiraa style of overtone-singing. The success of this "

shaman Shamanism is a religious practice that involves a practitioner (shaman) interacting with what they believe to be a Spirit world (Spiritualism), spirit world through Altered state of consciousness, altered states of consciousness, such as tranc ...

" project resulted in the formation of K-Space, a band comprising Hodgkinson, Hyder and Chamzyryn. K-Space's name came from Kozyrev-Space, a space/time warp named after Russian astrophysicist Nicolai Kozyrev using a device called Kozyrev's Mirrors. Their music was "sham beat", which incorporated elements of shamanic culture and

jazz Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, Louisiana in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with its roots in blues and ragtime. Since the 1920s Jazz Age, it has been recognized as a majo ...

. From 1999 they began touring Asia and Europe and have released four CDs since 2002. A free improvisation band Hodgkinson is deeply involved with is Konk Pack. Formed at the Szuenetjel Festival in

Budapest Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...

in 1997 with

Thomas Lehn Thomas Lehn (born 1958 in Fröndenberg) is a German piano and synthesizer player active in free improvisation and contemporary music. Lehn has recorded with Marcus Schmickler, Keith Rowe, John Butcher, Phil Minton, Phil Durrant, Radu Malf ...

from

Cologne Cologne ( ; german: Köln ; ksh, Kölle ) is the largest city of the German western state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) and the fourth-most populous city of Germany with 1.1 million inhabitants in the city proper and 3.6 millio ...

on synthesizer, Roger Turner from London on percussion and Hodgkinson on reeds and

prepared guitar A prepared guitar is a guitar that has had its timbre altered by placing various objects on or between the instrument's strings, including other extended techniques. This practice is sometimes called tabletop guitar, because many prepared guitar ...

, the trio performs a blend of psychedelia,

free jazz Free jazz is an experimental approach to jazz improvisation that developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s when musicians attempted to change or break down jazz conventions, such as regular tempos, tones, and chord changes. Musicians dur ...

and electroacoustic improvisation. In 1999 they released a CD of live recordings ''The Big Deep'' and made further CDs in 2001, 2005, 2010 and 2013. In 2005 Konk Pack toured the United Kingdom with Lol Coxhill replacing Thomas Lehn. In 2007 they toured The Netherlands, Belgium and Germany with the original line-up. As an improviser, Tim Hodgkinson performed with many musicians over the years, including Lol Coxhill, Fred Frith, Chris Cutler,

Tom Cora Thomas Henry Corra (September 14, 1953 – April 9, 1998), better known as Tom Cora, was an American cellist and composer, best known for his Free improvisation, improvisational performances in the field of Experimental music, experimental jazz ...

, Lindsay Cooper, John Zorn,

Evan Parker Evan Shaw Parker (born 5 April 1944) is a British tenor and soprano saxophone player who plays free improvisation. Recording and performing prolifically with many collaborators, Parker was a pivotal figure in the development of European free ...

, Catherine Jauniaux and Charles Hayward. In December 2006, Cutler, Frith and Hodgkinson performed together at The Stone in New York City, their first concert performance since Henry Cow's demise in 1978. From 1983 to 1985 Hodgkinson managed the Cold Storage Recording Studios in

Brixton Brixton is a district in south London, part of the London Borough of Lambeth, England. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London. Brixton experienced a rapid rise in population during the 19th centu ...

, London, producing records for Fred Frith's Skeleton Crew, Peter Blegvad and others. He has written a book on the

of music and contributed to periodicals such as ''Contemporary Music Review'', ''Musicworks'', ''Musica/Realta'', and ''Resonance'' on music and technology,

ethnomusicology Ethnomusicology is the study of music from the cultural and social aspects of the people who make it. It encompasses distinct theoretical and methodical approaches that emphasize cultural, social, material, cognitive, biological, and other dim ...

, improvisation and other topics. In 2016 his book ''Music and the Myth of Wholeness – Toward a New Aesthetic Paradigm'' was published by

MIT Press The MIT Press is a university press affiliated with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts (United States). It was established in 1962. History The MIT Press traces its origins back to 1926 when MIT publ ...

. Hodgkinson appeared in Nicolas Humbert and Werner Penzel's 1990 documentary film on Fred Frith, ''

Step Across the Border ''Step Across the Border'' is a 1990 avant-garde documentary film on English guitarist, composer and improviser Fred Frith. It was written and directed by Nicolas Humbert and Werner Penzel and released in Germany and Switzerland. The film was ...

'', rehearsing with Frith at Hodgkinson's home in

, London in December 1988. Tim Hodgkinson's first solo album was ''Splutter'' in 1986, consisting of improvisations on alto and baritone saxophones and clarinet, sometimes accompanied by electronics, sometimes multi-tracked. He followed it up with ''KLARNT'' in 2008, an album of eleven solo clarinet improvisations.

Composition

Beginning in the early 1990s Hodgkinson again applied himself to composition, initially returning to the approach developed in his Henry Cow period. In 1994 he released ''

Each in Our Own Thoughts ''Each in Our Own Thoughts'' is a 1994 solo album by English experimental music composer and performer Tim Hodgkinson from Henry Cow. It is his second solo album, after ''Splutter'' (1985), and comprises six unreleased pieces composed by Hodgkins ...

'', a collection of pieces including his first string quartet, and a piece written for Henry Cow in 1976 (" Hold to the Zero Burn, Imagine"), which was performed at the time (as "Erk Gah") but never recorded in the studio. When finally recorded in 1993 he brought in three other members of the original band: Chris Cutler, Lindsay Cooper and Dagmar Krause. A further piece "Numinous Pools For Mental Orchestra" was realised entirely with

MIDI MIDI (; Musical Instrument Digital Interface) is a technical standard that describes a communications protocol, digital interface, and electrical connectors that connect a wide variety of electronic musical instruments, computers, an ...

-instruments. However his work as an improviser by now made him far more aware of the limitations of his current way of writing. An encounter with Iancu Dumitrescu and the Romanian Spectralist school provided a turning point, after which he began to find new ways of developing musical structures out of the behaviours of sounds and unstable acoustic systems. This became evident with the release of the CD ''Pragma'' in 1998, on which the pieces are realised on a computer using a mix of live instruments and samples. In 2000 Hodgkinson made ''Sang'', a collection of new compositions. The first and third pieces were performed by Hodgkinson alone, playing viola, piano, alto saxophone, percussion and MIDI instruments; the second piece ''GUSHe'', which he has often performed live, is for clarinet with electronic accompaniment, while the last, ''MÀ'' was performed by

Federica Santoro Federica is a given name. Notable people with the name include: * Federica Di Giacomo * Federica Gori * Federica Luppi *12817 Federica (1996 FM16), a Main-belt Asteroid discovered in 1996 *Federica Angeli (born 1975), Italian journalist *Federica ...

(singing) with a montage made from recordings of other pieces of Hodgkinson's (a rehearsal with Banda Municipal de Barcelona and fragments of his second String Quartet). Hodgkinson then released ''Sketch of Now'' on the Mode label in 2006. It comprises three compositions for the Romanian

Hyperion Ensemble Hyperion Ensemble is a Romanian chamber music ensemble based in Bucharest. It was founded in 1976 by composer Iancu Dumitrescu and specializes in the performance of contemporary classical music. In particular, it is the main proponent of spectral m ...

, of which Hodgkinson conducted two and played on one (conducted by Iancu Dumitrescu); two compositions performed by Hodgkinson: one for bass clarinet and tape, one for computer-modified cello and electric guitar; one piece for two clarinets, one doubling on bass, and piano, performed by Isabelle Duthoit,

Jacques Di Donato Jacques Di Donato (born 27 August 1942) is a French musician and improviser. A clarinetist, saxophonist and drummer, he works in various fields ranging from jazz to contemporary music, classical music and improvised music. He was a clarinet teacher ...

and Pascale Berthelot. The track, "Fragor" appears in the 2010 film '' Shutter Island'', but was not featured on the soundtrack CD. This was followed up in 2014 with ''Onsets'', a second CD for the Mode label. Five of the six pieces are performed by the

, and one piece by the New York based ensemble Ne(x)tworks. Hodgkinson conducts all the pieces and also plays bass clarinet on “Ulaaraar.” In 2015, he released ''CUTS'' on the Freeform Association label, which groups together three compositions having a mathematical approach in their structure. “Hard without I” is performed by the composer on solo bass clarinet. “On Earth” is Hodgkinson's second piece to be performed by Ne(x)tworks, this time with

Joan La Barbara Joan Linda La Barbara (born June 8, 1947) is an American vocalist and composer known for her explorations of non-conventional or "extended" vocal techniques. Considered to be a vocal virtuoso in the field of contemporary music, she is credited wi ...

. “Ananké” is performed by the Hyperion Ensemble. The latter two pieces are conducted by the composer.

Music

Tim Hodgkinson's music displays many personalities: from the serious and complex musical structures of Henry Cow to the angry

crash of guitars in The Work; from free-wheeling improvisations with Konk Pack to the

contemporary classical music Contemporary classical music is classical music composed close to the present day. At the beginning of the 21st century, it commonly referred to the post-1945 modern forms of post-tonal music after the death of Anton Webern, and included se ...

of his recordings for the Mode label. The instruments he plays are principally reeds (clarinet, bass clarinet, and alto saxophone), but with Henry Cow he mostly played keyboards, and with The Work, K-Space and Konk Pack he played and plays

lap steel guitar The lap steel guitar, also known as a Hawaiian guitar, is a type of steel guitar without pedals that is typically played with the instrument in a horizontal position across the performer's lap. Unlike the usual manner of playing a traditional ...

. He also sang in The Work. For his solo recordings he added viola, percussion, sampling,

sequencing In genetics and biochemistry, sequencing means to determine the primary structure (sometimes incorrectly called the primary sequence) of an unbranched biopolymer. Sequencing results in a symbolic linear depiction known as a sequence which succi ...

and

. Hodgkinson is a self-taught musician. He started formal piano and clarinet lessons as a child, but quickly abandoned them. He then began writing down music, initially using a keyboard but soon switched to writing the sounds in his head directly onto paper. To assist with this process, he studied sight-singing with Andras Ranki at Morley College, London in 1983.

Works

*''Repulsion'' (1997) – for clarinet, electric guitar, trombone, percussion. c 10' *''SHHH'' (1996–97) – for taped voices. c 7' *''For Looking Inside'' (1997) – for 3 prepared violas. c 10'30" *''Interferogram'' (1997) – for large ensemble. c 10' *''Mala; Elated'' (1997) – for clarinet, harpsichord, organ, metal plates, cymbals. c 8' *''Black Death and Errors in Construction'' (1998) – for bass clarinet, prepared piano, electric guitar, 2 cellos, 2 violas, percussion, tape. c 12' *''The Road to Erzin'' (1999) – for viola, piano, alto saxophone, percussion (2 players) & live electronic sound-processing. c 15' *''Crackle of Forests'' (1999) – for many instruments. c 23' *''Gushe'' (1999) – solo clarinet and tape. c 13' *''Ma'' (1999) – montage. c 20' *''Apophasis'' (2001) – concrète sound-art piece with David Connearn. c 22' *''Fighting/Breathing'' (2001) – for bass clarinet and taped percussion. c 7'40" *''String Quartet 3'' (2000–1) *''Vers Kongsu'' (2002) – for clarinet and percussion. c 15' *''Fragor'' (2003) – computer-assisted music for arco electric guitar and cello. c 7' *''Vers Kongsu II'' (2003) – revised version of Vers Kongsu for clarinet and ensemble. *''De Yoknapatawpha'' (2003–04) – 2 clarinets (one doubling bass) + piano. c 12' *''Watching into a Hard Stone'' (2004) – tape music using sounds of clarinet, ringmodulator, prepared piano, pitch shifter. c 9' *''Aici Schiteaza Pe Acumul'' (2004) – for tape and instrumental ensemble (3 vln/vla, 2 celli, 2 cb, oboe, 2 flt, clar, bass-clar, bassoon, sax, trom, 2 percuss, piano). c 9' *''Further into Hard Stone'' (2004) – arranged for flute (+ pic), oboe, 2 clars, bassoon, fr horn, saxes, strings, piano, percussion. c 9' *''Piece for Harp and Cello'' (2004–05) – c 9' *''Nameless Tower'' (2005) – for Vln, 2 alto, cello, flute, clar, bass clar, trombone, piano, 2 percussion. *''Thrown'' (2005) – for bass clarinet doubling clarinet, harp, piano, double bass, percussion and live sound treatment and projection. c 9' *''Ulaaraar'' (2005) – for bass clarinet, string ensemble (min 2 altos, 2 cellos) and small gong. c 10' *''Untitled for solo Bb clarinet'' (2005–06) *''Carillon for Amplified Harpsichord and four pre-recorded Electric Guitars'' (2006) – for harpsichord and tape. c 4'45" *''Hearken'' (2006) – for bass clarinet and tape. c 12' *''Against Time'' (2006) – for 14 woodwind & brass instruments, percussion, keyboard. c 19'45" *''Amhas / Niritti'' (2006) – for tape and ensemble. c 14' *''Nomos-Yozu'' (2007) – for ensemble. c 13' Huddersfield Contemporary Music Festival Commission. *''the hum of destruction whirrs through the national cackle of love and produce'' (2007) – for (bass) flute, acoustic guitar, electronics. c 17' *''Tmesis'' (2007) – for tape, solo cello, 2 clarinets, 2 percussion, horn, trombone. c 10'30" *''Chasma'' (2008) – for Ensemble: flute, oboe, clarinet, trumpet, horn, trombone doubling cb. trom, piano, harp, 2 vlns, 2 vlas, 2 cellos, 2 basses. c23' *''ZUD'' (2008) – graphic score for elec guitar, piano, cello, bass, percussion. c 9'20" *''Ich Horig'' (2008) – graphic score for tape, clarinet, piano, cello, bass, percussion. c 7' *''Ici-bas'' (2009) – for flute, 2 clarinets, bassoon, 2 trombones, piano, 3 violins, 3 altos, 2 cellos, 2 basses. For Spectrum XXI 2009. c 14" *''Attaot'' (2009) – for flute, clarinet, bassoon, 2 trombones, 2 percussion, violin, alto, cello, 2 basses & tape. For Spectrum XXI 2009. 8'30" *''Jo-Ha-Qui'' (2010) – for string quartet, harp, trombone, synthesiser and bowed glass. c 16" *''The Glow and Zigzag'' (2011) – for French horn solo. London Sinfonietta commission. c 6" *''Tree Leaf Talk'' (2011) – for voice, violin, cello, trombone, harp, piano, live and pre-recorded electronic sound. Commissioned by Ne(X)tworks Ensemble, NYC. c 35" *''Hail and Flummox'' (2011) – flute, clarinet, horn, violin, cello. London Sinfonietta commission. 7" *''Ananké'' (2011) – flute, clarinet, violin, 2 cellos, double bass, piano, percussion, electric guitar, no-input mixer, and pre-recorded computer-modulated sound. For Spectrum XXI 2011. c 16" *''Landscape Theory of Mind'' (2012) – violin solo. Commissioned by Cornelius Dufallo.c 7" *''Ricochet'' (2013) – for strings, piano, electric guitar & tape. For Spectrum XXI 2013.

Discography

Bands and projects

;With Henry Cow * ''

Legend A legend is a genre of folklore that consists of a narrative featuring human actions, believed or perceived, both by teller and listeners, to have taken place in human history. Narratives in this genre may demonstrate human values, and possess ...

'' (1973, LP,

Virgin Records Virgin Records is a record label owned by Universal Music Group. It originally founded as a British independent record label in 1972 by entrepreneurs Richard Branson, Simon Draper, Nik Powell, and musician Tom Newman. It grew to be a worldw ...

, UK) * '' Unrest'' (1974, LP, Virgin, UK) * ''

Concerts A concert is a live music performance in front of an audience. The performance may be by a single musician, sometimes then called a recital, or by a musical ensemble, such as an orchestra, choir, or band. Concerts are held in a wide variety an ...

'' (1976, 2xLP,

Caroline Records Caroline Records is a record label originally founded in 1973. Initially founded in the United Kingdom to showcase British progressive rock groups, the label ceased releasing titles in 1976, and then re-emerged in the United States in 1986. ...

, UK) * ''

Western Culture image:Da Vinci Vitruve Luc Viatour.jpg, Leonardo da Vinci's ''Vitruvian Man''. Based on the correlations of ideal Body proportions, human proportions with geometry described by the ancient Roman architect Vitruvius in Book III of his treatise '' ...

'' (1979, LP, Broadcast, UK) * ''

The Virgin Years – Souvenir Box ''The Virgin Years – Souvenir Box'' is a three- CD limited edition box set by English avant-rock group Henry Cow. It was released in 1991 by Recommended Records and East Side Digital Records, and contains three albums Henry Cow made for ...

'' (1991, 3xCD, East Side Digital Records, US) * '' Henry Cow Box'' (2006, 7xCD, Recommended Records, UK) * '' Stockholm & Göteborg'' (2008, CD, Recommended Records, UK) * '' The 40th Anniversary Henry Cow Box Set'' (2009, 9xCD+DVD, Recommended Records, UK) * '' The Henry Cow Box Redux: The Complete Henry Cow'' (2019, 17xCD+DVD, Recommended, UK) ;With Henry Cow/ Slapp Happy *'' Desperate Straights'' (1975, LP, Virgin Records, UK) *'' In Praise of Learning'' (1975, LP, Virgin Records, UK) ;With

Art Bears Art Bears were an English avant-rock group formed during the disassembly of Henry Cow in 1978 by three of its members, Chris Cutler (percussion, texts), Fred Frith (guitar, bass guitar, violin, keyboards) and Dagmar Krause (vocals; previously of ...

*'' Hopes and Fears'' (1978, LP, Recommended Records, UK) ;With The Work *'' Slow Crimes'' (1982, LP, Woof Records, UK) *''

'' (1982, LP, Recommended Records, Japan) *''The Worst of Everywhere'' (1983, cassette, Woof Records, UK) *''Rubber Cage'' (1989, LP, Woof Records, UK) *''See'' (1992, CD, Woof Records, UK) *''The 4th World'' (2010, CD, Ad Hoc Records, US) ;With

*''Fluvial'' (1983, LP, Woof Records, UK) ;With Lindsay Cooper, Chris Cutler, Bill Gilonis and Robert Wyatt *''

The Last Nightingale ''The Last Nightingale'' is an album by various artists recorded and released in 1984 to raise money for striking coal miners in the 1984–1985 UK miners' strike. It features Chris Cutler, Tim Hodgkinson and Lindsay Cooper from the English ava ...

'' (1984, LP, Recommended Records, UK) ;With The Momes *''Spiralling'' (1989, Woof Records) ;With

God In monotheistic thought, God is usually viewed as the supreme being, creator, and principal object of faith. Swinburne, R.G. "God" in Honderich, Ted. (ed)''The Oxford Companion to Philosophy'', Oxford University Press, 1995. God is typically ...

*''Loco'' (1991, CD, Pathological Records, UK) *'' Possession'' (1992, CD, Caroline Records, UK) *''Consumed'' (1993, CD, Sentrax Records, UK) *'' The Anatomy of Addiction'' (1994, CD, Big Cat, UK) ;With

*''

Live Improvisations ''Live Improvisations'' is a 1992 collaborative live album of improvised music by English experimental musicians Fred Frith and Tim Hodgkinson. It was recorded in May 1990 in England and was released on Woof Records in the United Kingdom and Me ...

'' (1992, CD, Woof Records, UK) ;With Valentina Ponomareva & Ken Hyder *''The Goose'' (1992, CD, Megaphone Records US, Woof Records UK) ;With Konk Pack *''Big Deep'' (1999, CD, Grob, Germany) *''Warp Out'' (2001, CD, Grob, Germany) *''Off Leash'' (2005, CD, Grob, Germany) *''The Black Hills'' (2010, CD, Grob, Germany) *''Doing the Splash'' (2013, CD, Megaphone, US) ;With Black Paintings (Nikolai Galen / Tim Hodgkinson / Ken Hyder) *''Screams and Silence'' (2008, CD, Voice of Shade,

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

) ;With K-Space *''Bear Bones'' (2002, CD, Slam Records, UK) *''Going Up'' (2004, CD, Ad Hoc, US) *''

Infinity Infinity is that which is boundless, endless, or larger than any natural number. It is often denoted by the infinity symbol . Since the time of the ancient Greeks, the philosophical nature of infinity was the subject of many discussions am ...

'' (2008, CD-ROM, Ad Hoc, US) *''Black Sky'' (2013, CD, Setola Di Maiale Records, Italy) ;With The Orckestra *"Unreleased Orckestra Extract" (3" CD single, 2006, Recommended, UK) ;With RAZ3 (Lu Edmonds / Ken Hyder / Tim Hodgkinson) *''RAZ3'' (2008, CD, ??, UK)

Solo

*''Splutter'' (1985, LP, Woof Records, UK) *''

'' (1994, CD, Woof Records, UK) *''Pragma'' (1998, CD, Recommended Records, UK) *''Sang'' (2000, CD, Recommended Records, UK) *''Sketch of Now'' (2006, CD, Mode, US) *''Klarnt'' (2010, CD Recommended Records, UK) *''Onsets'' (2014, CD, Mode, US) *''Cuts'' (2015, CD, Freeform Association, Poland) *''Under the Void'' (2019, CD, Recommended Records, UK)

Bibliography

* *

References

External links

Tim Hodgkinson homepage
* .

at Calyx: The Canterbury Website.

Ken Hyder's homepage

''An essay by Tim Hodgkinson''. {{DEFAULTSORT:Hodgkinson, Tim 1949 births Living people People educated at Winchester College 20th-century British composers 21st-century composers English rock saxophonists British male saxophonists English keyboardists English electronic musicians English industrial musicians English experimental musicians English male composers Free improvisation Canterbury scene God (British band) members Henry Cow members Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge British post-punk musicians People from Salisbury 21st-century saxophonists The Orckestra members