Thīna (
Sanskrit styāna
Styāna (Sanskrit; Tibetan phonetic: ''mukpa'') is a Buddhist term that is translated as "lethargy", "gloominess", etc. In the Mahayana tradition, ''styāna'' is defined as a mental factor that causes the mind to be withdrawn, unclear, and unable ...
, स्त्यान; pi, थीन) is a
Buddhist term that is translated as "sloth". ''Thīna'' is defined as sluggishness or dullness of mind, characterized by a lack of driving power. In the Theravada tradition, ''thīna'' is said to occur in conjunction with
middha Not to be confused with ''surname Middha'', the 68,736th most widespread family name on earth peforebears.io
Middha ( Sanskrit: मिद्ध; Pali: मिद्ध ; Tibetan phonetic: ''nyi'') is a Buddhist term that is translated as "torpor", ...
(''torpor''), which is defined as a morbid state that is characterized by unwieldiness, lack of energy, and opposition to wholesome activity.
[Bhikkhu Bodhi (2003), p. 84]
/ref> The two mental factors in conjunction are expressed as thīna-middha (''sloth-torpor'').
Thīna is mentioned in the Pali canon as:
* One of the five hindrances to meditation practice (in combination with middha Not to be confused with ''surname Middha'', the 68,736th most widespread family name on earth peforebears.io
Middha ( Sanskrit: मिद्ध; Pali: मिद्ध ; Tibetan phonetic: ''nyi'') is a Buddhist term that is translated as "torpor", ...
, i.e. as ''sloth-torpor'')
* One of the fourteen unwholesome mental factors within the Theravada Abhidharma teachings
* Closely related to the Sanskrit term kausīdya (spiritual sloth), that is identified as one of the twenty secondary unwholesome factors within the Mahayana Abhidharma teachings
Explanation
Bhikkhu Bodhi explains:
The Atthasālinī (II, Book I, Part IX, Chapter II, 255) states about sloth and torpor: “Absence of striving, difficulty through inability, is the meaning.” We then read the following definitions of sloth and torpor:
Nina van Gorkom explains:
See also
* Kausīdya
* Mental factors (Buddhism)
* Moha (Buddhism)
Moha (Sanskrit, Pali: मोह; Tibetan phonetic: ''timuk'') is a concept in both Hinduism and Buddhism. In Hinduism, it is one of the six arishadvargas (also known as shadripus). In Buddhist thought, Moha, along with Raga (greed, sensual attach ...
* Middha Not to be confused with ''surname Middha'', the 68,736th most widespread family name on earth peforebears.io
Middha ( Sanskrit: मिद्ध; Pali: मिद्ध ; Tibetan phonetic: ''nyi'') is a Buddhist term that is translated as "torpor", ...
References
Sources
* Bhikkhu Bodhi (2003), ''A Comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma'', Pariyatti Publishing
* Nina van Gorkom (2010)
''Cetasikas''
Zolag
External links
* {{wikiquote-inline
Unwholesome factors in Buddhism
Sanskrit words and phrases