The three-hole pipe, also commonly known as tabor pipe or galoubet, is a

wind instrument A wind instrument is a musical instrument that contains some type of resonator (usually a tube) in which a column of air is set into vibration by the player blowing into (or over) a mouthpiece set at or near the end of the resonator. The pitch ...

designed to be played by one hand, leaving the other hand free to play a tabor drum,

bell A bell /ˈbɛl/ () is a directly struck idiophone percussion instrument. Most bells have the shape of a hollow cup that when struck vibrates in a single strong strike tone, with its sides forming an efficient resonator. The strike may be m ...

, psalterium or ''tambourin à cordes'', bones,

triangle A triangle is a polygon with three corners and three sides, one of the basic shapes in geometry. The corners, also called ''vertices'', are zero-dimensional points while the sides connecting them, also called ''edges'', are one-dimension ...

or other percussive instrument. The three-hole pipe's origins are not known, but it dates back at least to the 12th century. It was popular from an early date in

France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

, the

Iberian Peninsula The Iberian Peninsula ( ), also known as Iberia, is a peninsula in south-western Europe. Mostly separated from the rest of the European landmass by the Pyrenees, it includes the territories of peninsular Spain and Continental Portugal, comprisin ...

and

Great Britain Great Britain is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north-west coast of continental Europe, consisting of the countries England, Scotland, and Wales. With an area of , it is the largest of the British Isles, the List of European ...

and remains in use there today.The Pipe and Tabor Worldwide
In the Basque Country it has increasingly gained momentum and prestige during the last century, especially during the last years of the

Francoist State Francoist Spain (), also known as the Francoist dictatorship (), or Nationalist Spain () was the period of History of Spain, Spanish history between 1936 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title . ...

, following that it turned into a hallmark of Basque identity and folk culture. New pipe and tabor schools have cropped up since throughout the country, providing along with tabor the musical background for traditional Basque dance ensembles (see txistu). In

Andalusia Andalusia ( , ; , ) is the southernmost autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community in Peninsular Spain, located in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, in southwestern Europe. It is the most populous and the second-largest autonomou ...

these pipes (''flauta'' or ''gaita'' and the ''tambor'' or ''tamboril'') are played in celebrations, ''Cruces de Mayo'', sword dances and ''romerías''; in the music used around ''Romería'' of ''El Rocío'' (Huelva, Andalucía) this same pipe is denominated ''flauta rociera'', ''gaita rociera'' or sometimes ''pito rociero'' (a higher pitched whistle). The most common form of tabor pipe in the Basque region is tuned "tone, semitone, tone", as in the pipe of Andalusia. The most common form in Provence is tuned "tone, tone, tone". The English tabor pipe is commonly tuned "tone, tone, semitone", and corresponds to the three lowest holes of a tin whistle. File:Agricola, cornett and shawms.jpg, Instruments from Martin Agricola's book "Musica instrumentalis deudsch", published 1529. From left: straight

cornett The cornett (, ) is a lip-reed wind instrument that dates from the Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque periods, popular from 1500 to 1650. Although smaller and larger sizes were made in both straight and curved forms, surviving cornetts are most ...

, three-hole pipe, bombard,

shawm The shawm () is a Bore (wind instruments)#Conical bore, conical bore, double-reed woodwind instrument made in Europe from the 13th or possibly 12th century to the present day. It achieved its peak of popularity during the medieval and Renaissanc ...

. The three-hole pipe illustrated isn't a reedpipe but has a duct (making it a type of recorder. File:Potterpipe.png, Modern three-hole pipe from England. Has two holes in front and a thumb hole.

References

External links

The Taborers' Society
by Sir Francis Darwin {{Authority control European musical instruments Internal fipple flutes Medieval musical instruments

See also

References

External links