Thomas Mathiesen (5 October 1933 – 29 May 2021) was a Norwegian
sociologist.
Background
Mathiesen grew up in the Norwegian
county
A county is a geographic region of a country used for administrative or other purposes Chambers Dictionary, L. Brookes (ed.), 2005, Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh in certain modern nations. The term is derived from the Old French ...
of
Akershus
Akershus () is a traditional region and current electoral district in Norway, with Oslo as its main city and traditional capital. It is named after the Akershus Fortress in Oslo. From the middle ages to 1919, Akershus was a fief and main county ...
, as the only child of Einar Mathiesen (1903–1983) and Birgit Mathiesen (1908–1990).
[Mathiesen, Thomas: ''Cadenza. A Professional Autobiography'' (European Group Press), pp. 47–54.] He is the grandson of surgeon
Johan Berger Mathiesen
Johan Berger Mathiesen (13 November 1872 – 17 January 1923) was a Norwegian-born doctor and surgeon who worked for most of his adult life in Wisconsin, United States.
Mathiesen was born in Drammen, Norway, as the son of Colonel Thomas Mathie ...
(1872–1923).
Career
Mathiesen studied sociology at the
University of Wisconsin
A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. ''University'' is derived from the Latin phrase ''universitas magistrorum et scholarium'', which ...
(
B.A. 1955). He then returned to Norway, and graduated as
M.A. in 1958 (major subject: sociology, minor subject:
psychology
Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. Psychology includes the study of conscious and unconscious phenomena, including feelings and thoughts. It is an academic discipline of immense scope, crossing the boundaries betwe ...
and
social anthropology) from the
University of Oslo
The University of Oslo ( no, Universitetet i Oslo; la, Universitas Osloensis) is a public research university located in Oslo, Norway. It is the highest ranked and oldest university in Norway. It is consistently ranked among the top univers ...
, where he did his
doctorate
A doctorate (from Latin ''docere'', "to teach"), doctor's degree (from Latin ''doctor'', "teacher"), or doctoral degree is an academic degree awarded by universities and some other educational institutions, derived from the ancient formalism '' ...
in 1965. In 1972 he was appointed Professor of
sociology of law
The sociology of law (legal sociology, or law and society) is often described as a sub-discipline of sociology or an interdisciplinary approach within legal studies. Some see sociology of law as belonging "necessarily" to the field of sociology ...
at the
Faculty of Law, University of Oslo, (
emeritus
''Emeritus'' (; female: ''emerita'') is an adjective used to designate a retired chair, professor, pastor, bishop, pope, director, president, prime minister, rabbi, emperor, or other person who has been "permitted to retain as an honorary title ...
2004).
He was a
visiting professor at the
University of California
The University of California (UC) is a public land-grant research university system in the U.S. state of California. The system is composed of the campuses at Berkeley, Davis, Irvine, Los Angeles, Merced, Riverside, San Diego, San Fran ...
in Santa Barbara (1967) and Berkeley (1975), the
University of Tromsø (1980), also the
University of Warsaw (1988) and the
University of Bremen (1988).
Together with
Nils Christie
Nils Christie (24 February 1928 – 27 May 2015) was a Norwegian sociologist and criminologist. He was a professor of criminology at the Faculty of Law, University of Oslo.
Personal life
Christie was born in Oslo on 24 February 1928, a son of R ...
and
Louk Hulsman
Lodewijk Henri Christian Hulsman, known as Louk Hulsman (8 March 1923 in Kerkrade – 28 January 2009 in Dordrecht) was a Dutch legal scientist and criminologist.
Life
According to Hulsman, his childhood and adolescence were marked by the tim ...
he was a distinguished representative of the
prison abolition movement
The prison abolition movement is a network of groups and activists that seek to reduce or eliminate prisons and the prison system, and replace them with systems of rehabilitation that do not place a focus on punishment and government institutiona ...
. He wrote in Norwegian and English, several of his books have been translated into other languages, including Swedish, Danish, German, Italian and Spanish. Some of Mathiesen's books in English include ''The Politics of Abolition'' (1974), ''Silently Silenced'' (2004) and ''Towards a Surveillant Society'' (2013). His 1965 work ''The Defences of the Weak'' was selected for the
Norwegian Sociology Canon by the Norwegian newspaper ''Morgenbladet'' in 2011.
In ''The Viewer Society: Michel Foucault's 'Panopticon' revisited'' (1997), Mathiesen presented the concept of the ''Synopticon'' or "surveillance of the few by the many", as the sociological reciprocal of
Panopticism, which
Foucault Foucault may refer to:
*Foucault (surname)
*Léon Foucault (1819–1868), French physicist. Three notable objects were named after him:
**Foucault (crater), a small lunar impact crater
** 5668 Foucault, an asteroid
**Foucault pendulum
*Michel Fouca ...
described in
Discipline and Punish
''Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison'' (french: Surveiller et punir : Naissance de la prison) is a 1975 book by French philosopher Michel Foucault. It is an analysis of the social and theoretical mechanisms behind the changes tha ...
.
Mathiesen was one of the inspirers of the British prisoners movement,
Preservation of the Rights of Prisoners (PROP) and even spoke at their foundation meeting. He also presented a paper at the eleventh symposium of the
National Deviancy Conference in September 1972 entitled 'Strategies of Resistance within a Total Institution.'
Mathiesen's autobiography, entitled ''Cadenza: A Professional Autobiography'', was published by the British publisher European Group Press in fall 2017.
Cadenza - A Professional Autobiography. EG Press.
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Publications and articles (selections)
*Mathiesen, T. (1965) ''The Defences of the Weak: A Sociological Study of a Norwegian Correctional Institution'', London: Tavistock
*Mathiesen, T. (1972) ''Beyond the Boundaries of Organisations'', California: Glendessary Press
*Mathiesen, T. (1974) ''The Politics of Abolition'', London: Martin Robertson
*Mathiesen, T. (1983) "The future of control systems - the case of Norway" In: Garland, D. & Young, P. (eds) ''The Power to Punish'', London: Heinemann
*Mathiesen, T. (1986) "The Politics of abolition", ''Contemporary Crises'' 10: 81–94
*Mathiesen, T. (2004) ''Silently Silenced'', U.K.: Waterside Press
*Mathiesen, T. (2010) ''Prisons on Trial: A Critical Assessment. London: Sage.
*Mathiesen, T. (2013) ''Towards a Surveillant Society'', U.K.: Waterside Press
*Mathiesen, T. et al. (2015) ''The Politics of Abolition Revisited'', U.K.: Routledge
*Mathiesen, T. (2017) ''Cadenza: A Professional Autobiography'', U.K.: European Group Press
References
External links
Thomas Mathiesen's staff page
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mathiesen, Thomas
1933 births
2021 deaths
Norwegian sociologists
Norwegian expatriates in the United States
Academics of the Faculty of Law, University of Oslo
University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science alumni
Prison abolitionists
People from Akershus