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Thomas Martyn (probably 1760 – 1816) was an English
zoologist Zoology ( , ) is the scientific study of animals. Its studies include the structure, embryology, classification, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinct, and how they interact with their ecosystems. Zoology is one ...
,
conchologist Conchology, from Ancient Greek κόγχος (''kónkhos''), meaning "cockle (bivalve), cockle", and -logy from λόγος (''lógos''), meaning "study", is the study of mollusc shells. Conchology is one aspect of malacology, the study of mollus ...
and
entomologist Entomology (from Ancient Greek ἔντομον (''éntomon''), meaning "insect", and -logy from λόγος (''lógos''), meaning "study") is the branch of zoology that focuses on insects. Those who study entomology are known as entomologists. In ...
. There is a botanist of the same name who lived in the same period.


Life

Little is known about Thomas Martyn's life, and nothing is known about his parents, his wife and his children. It is believed that he was born in 1760 in
Coventry Coventry ( or rarely ) is a City status in the United Kingdom, cathedral city and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands (county), West Midlands county, in England, on the River Sherbourne. Coventry had been a large settlement for centurie ...
. Later he lived at several addresses in London. At 10 Great Marlborough Street,
Westminster Westminster is the main settlement of the City of Westminster in Central London, Central London, England. It extends from the River Thames to Oxford Street and has many famous landmarks, including the Palace of Westminster, Buckingham Palace, ...
he established an academy for the painting of Natural History. Besides English, Martyn spoke French and Latin.


Works

In 1784, Martyn started his major work, ''The Universal Conchologist'', which he completed and published in London in 1784, dedicating it to the King. His publications included: * ''Hints of important Uses to be derived from Aerostatic Globes. With a Print of an Aerostatic Globe … originally designed in 1783'', 1784. * ''The Universal Conchologist, exhibiting the figure of every known Shell'', with second title ''Figures of non-descript Shells collected in the different Voyages to the South Seas since the year 1764'', 1784, 4 vols. in French and English, including descriptions of British collections and forty coloured plates. * ''The Soldiers and Sailors' Friend'', 1786, a pamphlet suggesting a national assessment for the maintenance of superannuated and disabled soldiers and sailors. * ''A short Account of the Nature, Principle, and Progress of a Private Establishment …'', 1789, in French and English, an account of Martyn's academy of painting. * ''The English Entomologist, exhibiting all the Coleopterous Insects found in England, including upwards of five hundred different Species, the Figures of which have never before been given to the Public … Drawn and Painted after Nature, arranged and named according to the Linnean System, … at his Academy for Illustrating and Painting Natural History'', 1792. * ''Aranei, or a Natural History of Spiders …'', 1793, with a coloured frontispiece and seventeen plates; the preface states that the editor purchased Eleazar Albin's original drawings at the sale of the Duchess Dowager of Portland's Museum. * ''Figures of Plants'', 1795; forty-three plates of exotics without names or other imprints. * ''Psyche: Figures of non-descript Lepidopterous Insects …'', 1797, with thirty-two plates, containing ninety-six figures with scientific descriptions supplied in the manuscript. * ''A Dive into Buonaparte's Councils on his projected Invasion of old England'', 1804. * ''Great Britain's Jubilee Monitor and Briton's Mirror … of their most sacred Majesties George III and Charlotte his Queen'', 1810. Martyn edited ''Natural System of Colours'' by Moses Harris, 1811, with a dedication to
Benjamin West Benjamin West (October 10, 1738 – March 11, 1820) was a British-American artist who painted famous historical scenes such as ''The Death of Nelson (West painting), The Death of Nelson'', ''The Death of General Wolfe'', the ''Treaty of Paris ( ...
.


References


Further reading

*


External links

* Harry B. Weiss
Thomas Martyn's "English Entomologist"
Journal of the New York Entomological Society, Vol. 46, No. 3, Sep. 1938, p. 321.

(University of Glasgow Library: Book of the Month, July 2009, Thomas Martyn)
Plates from Thomas Martyn's "The Universal Conchologist"
;Attribution {{DEFAULTSORT:Martyn, Thomas 1760s births 1816 deaths English zoologists English malacologists English entomologists People from Coventry British conchologists