Thiosulfurous acid is a

hypothetical chemical compound A hypothetical chemical compound is a chemical compound that has been conceived of, but is not known to have been synthesized, observed, or isolated (identified or shown to exist). Some hypothetical compounds cannot form at all. Others might tur ...

with the formula HS−S(=O)−OH or HO−S(=S)−OH. Attempted synthesis leads to polymers. It is a low oxidation state (+1) sulfur acid. It is the

Arrhenius acid Arrhenius may refer to * Birgit Arrhenius (born 1932), Swedish archaeologist * Carl Axel Arrhenius (1757–1824), Swedish army lieutenant and amateur mineralogist who discovered ytterbite, a mineral that led to the discovery of yttrium by Johan Gad ...

for

disulfur monoxide Disulfur monoxide or sulfur suboxide is an inorganic compound with formula S2O, one of the lower sulfur oxides. It is a colourless gas and condenses to give a roughly dark red coloured solid that is unstable at room temperature. occurs rarely in ...

. Salts derived from thiosulfurous acid, which are also unknown, are named "thiosulfites", "thionosulfites" or "sulfurothioites". The ion is .

Structures

Other possible isomers are

dihydroxydisulfane Dihydroxydisulfane or hypodithionous acid is a reduced sulfur oxyacid with sulfur in a formal oxidation state of +1. The structural formula is HOSSOH, with all atoms arranged in a chain. It is an isomer of thiosulfurous acid but is lower in energy ...

hypodithionous acid Dihydroxydisulfane or hypodithionous acid is a reduced sulfur oxyacid with sulfur in a formal oxidation state of +1. The structural formula is HOSSOH, with all atoms arranged in a chain. It is an isomer of thiosulfurous acid but is lower in energy ...

HOSSOH, a linear chain, and thiothionyl hydroxide (S=S(OH)₂) a tautomer where the hydrogen has moved from a sulfur to an oxygen. HOSSOH can have two different

rotamer In chemistry, conformational isomerism is a form of stereoisomerism in which the isomers can be interconverted just by rotations about formally single bonds (refer to figure on single bond rotation). While any two arrangements of atoms in a mole ...

s with symmetry C₁ and C₂. The isomer with one hydrogen on sulfur and one on oxygen is the most stable according to calculations.

Dithiosulfurous acid

The sulfur analog of

thiosulfuric acid Thiosulfuric acid is the inorganic compound with the formula . It has attracted academic interest as a simple, easily accessed compound that is labile. It has few practical uses. Preparation and degradation The acid cannot be made by acidifying ...

(), in which two sulfur atoms branch off of the central sulfur atom of a linear dihydrogen trisulfide structure (tetrathiosulfuric acid, or ) has also been computationally studied.

Reactions

It apparently decomposes to

polysulfane oxide A polysulfane is a chemical compound of formula , where ''n'' > 1 (although disulfane () is sometimes excluded). Polysulfanes consist of unbranched chains of sulfur atoms terminated with hydrogen atoms. Compounds containing 2 – 8 concatenated s ...

polythionic acid Polythionic acid is an oxoacid which has a straight chain of sulfur atoms and has the chemical formula Sn(SO3H)2 (''n'' > 2). Trithionic acid (H2S3O6), tetrathionic acid (H2S4O6) are simple examples. They are the conjugate acids of polythionates. ...

s in water, which is termed

Wakenroder's liquid Polythionic acid is an oxoacid which has a straight chain of sulfur atoms and has the chemical formula Sn(SO3H)2 (''n'' > 2). Trithionic acid (H2S3O6), tetrathionic acid (H2S4O6) are simple examples. They are the conjugate acids of polythionates. ...

. In alkaline conditions thiosulfurous acid rapidly deteriorates forming a mixture of sulfide, sulfur, sulfite, and thiosulfate. In acidic conditions it will form hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide as well. Some of these react to form pentathionate and other

polythionates Polythionates are oxoanions with the formula (''n'' ≥ 0). They occur naturally and are the products of redox reactions of thiosulfate. Polythionates are readily isolable, unlike the parent polythionic acids. Preparation Many members of the po ...

. Thiosulfurous acid reacts with

sulfurous acid Sulfurous acid (also sulfuric(IV) acid, sulphurous acid (UK), sulphuric(IV) acid (UK)) is the chemical compound with the formula . There is no evidence that sulfurous acid exists in solution, but the molecule has been detected in the gas phase. ...

to give tetrathionate, and with

to make hexathionate.

Esters

Four isomers are possible for R₂S₂O₂, at least restricting sulfur to di- and tetravalency: (RO)₂S=S, ROSSOR, RS(O)₂SR, and RS(O)SOR. For the first two, the R groups are equivalent, and in the latter two they are nonequivalent. A simple example is diethylthiosulfite, (EtO)₂S=S. It is also known as diethylthionosulfite. It is a stereochemically rigid on the NMR timescale to about 140 °C, somewhat similar to diethylsulfoxide. Many derivatives have been prepared from glycols. From meso-hydrobenzoin (PhCH(OH)−CH(OH)Ph), one obtains two isomers; a third isomer results from ''d'',''l''-PhCH(OH)−CH(OH)Ph.Eli Zysman-Colman David N. Harpp "Dialkoxy Disulfides And Their Branch-bonded Thionosulfite Isomers" J. Sulfur Chemistry 2004, vol. 25, pp. 155–182. The reaction with simple alkoxide sources with

disulfur dichloride Disulfur dichloride is the inorganic compound of sulfur and chlorine with the formula S2Cl2. Some alternative names for this compound are ''sulfur monochloride'' (the name implied by its empirical formula, SCl), ''disulphur dichloride'' (British ...

gives the unbranched ROSSOR. They are immiscible in water, but dissolve in benzene or carbon tetrachloride. These species are less rigid than the thiosulfite esters.

References

{{Reflist Sulfur oxoacids