Theodor Ludwig Wilhelm Bischoff
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Theodor Ludwig Wilhelm von Bischoff (28 October 1807 in
Hannover Hanover ( ; ; ) is the capital and largest city of the States of Germany, German state of Lower Saxony. Its population of 535,932 (2021) makes it the List of cities in Germany by population, 13th-largest city in Germany as well as the fourth-l ...
– 5 December 1882 in
Munich Munich is the capital and most populous city of Bavaria, Germany. As of 30 November 2024, its population was 1,604,384, making it the third-largest city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg. Munich is the largest city in Germany that is no ...
) was a German physician and biologist.


Biography

He lectured on
pathological Pathology is the study of disease. The word ''pathology'' also refers to the study of disease in general, incorporating a wide range of biology research fields and medical practices. However, when used in the context of modern medical treatme ...
anatomy at
Heidelberg Heidelberg (; ; ) is the List of cities in Baden-Württemberg by population, fifth-largest city in the States of Germany, German state of Baden-Württemberg, and with a population of about 163,000, of which roughly a quarter consists of studen ...
(1835-1843) and held professorships in
anatomy Anatomy () is the branch of morphology concerned with the study of the internal structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old scien ...
and physiology at
Giessen Giessen, spelled in German (), is a town in the Germany, German States of Germany, state () of Hesse, capital of both the Giessen (district), district of Giessen and the Giessen (region), administrative region of Giessen. The population is appro ...
(1843-1855) and
Munich Munich is the capital and most populous city of Bavaria, Germany. As of 30 November 2024, its population was 1,604,384, making it the third-largest city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg. Munich is the largest city in Germany that is no ...
, where he was appointed to the chair of anatomy and
physiology Physiology (; ) is the science, scientific study of function (biology), functions and mechanism (biology), mechanisms in a life, living system. As a branches of science, subdiscipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ syst ...
in 1854. In 1843, Theodor von Bischoff was elected as member of the German Academy of Sciences. His most important contributions were made in
embryology Embryology (from Ancient Greek, Greek ἔμβρυον, ''embryon'', "the unborn, embryo"; and -λογία, ''-logy, -logia'') is the branch of animal biology that studies the Prenatal development (biology), prenatal development of gametes (sex ...
with a series of four exhaustive memoirs on the development of the mammalian
ovum The egg cell or ovum (: ova) is the female reproductive cell, or gamete, in most anisogamous organisms (organisms that reproduce sexually with a larger, female gamete and a smaller, male one). The term is used when the female gamete is not capa ...
; published in 1842 (rabbit), 1845 (dog), 1852 (
guinea pig The guinea pig or domestic guinea pig (''Cavia porcellus''), also known as the cavy or domestic cavy ( ), is a species of rodent belonging to the genus ''Cavia'', family Caviidae. Animal fancy, Breeders tend to use the name "cavy" for the ani ...
), and 1854 ( roe deer). His studies concerning animal metabolism by measuring
urea Urea, also called carbamide (because it is a diamide of carbonic acid), is an organic compound with chemical formula . This amide has two Amine, amino groups (–) joined by a carbonyl functional group (–C(=O)–). It is thus the simplest am ...
were less successful, as was his research on the anatomy of skull and brain. He was elected a foreign member of the
Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (, KNAW) is an organization dedicated to the advancement of science and literature in the Netherlands. The academy is housed in the Trippenhuis in Amsterdam. In addition to various advisory a ...
in 1878.


Selected works

* ''Beiträge zur Lehre von den Eyhüllen des menschlichen Fötus'', 1834 – Contributions to the study of the human fetus. * ''Entwickelungsgeschichte der Säugethiere und des Menschen'', 1842 – Developmental history of mammals and man. * ''Entwicklungsgeschichte des kaninchen-eies'', 1842 – Developmental history of the rabbit ovum. * ''Entwicklungsgeschichte des hunde-eies'', 1845 – Developmental history of the dog ovum. * ''Entwicklungsgeschichte des meerschweinchens'', 1852 – Developmental history of the guinea pig. * ''Entwicklungsgeschichte des Rehes'', 1854 – Developmental history of the roe deer. * ''Die Grosshirnwindungen des Menschen : mit Berücksichtigung ihrer Entwicklung bei dem Fötus und ihrer Anordnung bei den Affen'', 1868 – The cerebral convolutions of man. * ''Das Studium und die Ausübung der Medicin durch Frauen'', 1872 – The study and practice of medicine by women.Most widely held works by Th. Ludw. Wilh Bischoff
WorldCat Identities


Notes


References

* *

at Deutsche Biographie.


Further reading

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Bischoff, Theodor Von 1807 births 1882 deaths German anatomists Academic staff of Heidelberg University Academic staff of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich German embryologists German physiologists Science teachers Foreign members of the Royal Society Corresponding members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Academic staff of the University of Giessen Physicians from Hanover Members of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina Members of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities