Theodor Hartig (21 February 1805 – 26 March 1880) was a German

forestry Forestry is the science and craft of creating, managing, planting, using, conserving and repairing forests and woodlands for associated resources for human and Natural environment, environmental benefits. Forestry is practiced in plantations and ...

biologist and botanist.

Biography

Hartig was born in

Dillenburg Dillenburg, officially Oranienstadt Dillenburg, is a town in Hesse's Gießen region in Germany. The town was formerly the seat of the old Dillkreis district, which is now part of the Lahn-Dill-Kreis. The town lies on the German- Dutch holiday roa ...

. He was educated in

Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...

(1824–1827), and was successively lecturer and professor of forestry at the University of Berlin (1831–1838) and at the Carolinum, Braunschweig. Hartig was the first to discover and name the

sieve tube element Sieve elements or sieve tube elements are specialized cells that are important for the function of phloem, which is a highly organized tissue that transports organic compounds made during photosynthesis. Sieve elements are the major conducting cell ...

cells (as ''Siebfasern'' - sieve fibres and ''Siebröhren'' - sieve tubes) in 1837. His zoologist author abbreviation is Hartig. He described many

gall wasp Gall wasps, also traditionally called gallflies, are hymenopterans of the family Cynipidae in the wasp superfamily Cynipoidea. Their common name comes from the galls they induce on plants for larval development. About 1,300 species of this gene ...

species. In 1842, Theodor Hartig described what is now known as the

Hartig net The Hartig net is the network of inward-growing hyphae, that extends into the plant host root, penetrating between plant cells in the root epidermis and cortex in ectomycorrhizal symbiosis. This network is the internal component of fungal morpholo ...

, a network of fungal hyphae that penetrate feeder roots and surround epidermal cells. The Hartig net is part of the structure of ectomycorrizae, mutualistic symbioses between fungi and plant roots. He died in

Braunschweig Braunschweig () or Brunswick ( ; from Low German , local dialect: ) is a List of cities and towns in Germany, city in Lower Saxony, Germany, north of the Harz Mountains at the farthest navigable point of the river Oker, which connects it to the ...

Works

*1836
Forstliches und forstnaturwissenschaftliches Conversations-Lexicon. Georg Ludwig Hartig and Theodor Hartig
*1840. Über die Familie der Gallwespen
Zeitschrift für die Entomologie, ed. von E.F. Germar, 2: 176–209
*1841. Erster Nachtrag zur Naturgeschichte der Gallwespen
Zeitschrift für die Entomologie, ed. von E.F. Germar, 3: 322–358
*1843. Zweiter Nachtrag zur Naturgeschichte der Gallwespen
Zeitschrift für die Entomologie, ed. von E.F. Germar, 4: 395–422
*1851. Vergleichende Untersuchungen über den Ertrag der Rotbuche (2nd ed.) *1860. Die Aderflügler Deutschlands (2nd ed.) *1866
Forstwissenschaftliches Examinatorium den Waldbau betreffend
*187
Luft-, Boden- und Pflanzenkunde in ihrer Anwendung auf Forstwirtschaft und Gartenbau, bearbeitet von Theodor Hartig für alle Freunde und Pfleger der wissenschaftlicher Botanik
*1878
Anatomie und physiologie der holzpflanzen. Dargestellt in der entstehungsweise und im entwickelungsverlaufe der einzelzelle, der zellsysteme, der pflanzenglieder und der gesammtpflanze
In collaboration with his father, Georg Ludwig Hartig, he published the work entitled, ''Forstliches und naturwissenschaftliches Konversationslexikon''. The eleventh edition of his father's ''Lehrbuch für Förster'', the later reprints of which he had revised, was published in 1877.

Family

He was the son of Georg Ludwig Hartig (1764–1837), a German forester. His son

Robert The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of ''Hrōþ, Hruod'' () "fame, glory, honour, prais ...

(1839–1901) was a forest scientist and mycologist who is considered the "father of forest pathology".

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hartig, Theodor 1805 births 1880 deaths Academic staff of TU Braunschweig 19th-century German botanists German entomologists German foresters Humboldt University of Berlin alumni Academic staff of the Humboldt University of Berlin Scientists from the Kingdom of Prussia