The School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised (SRAS-R), developed by Christopher Kearney and Wendy Silverman, is a psychological assessment tool designed to evaluate

school refusal School refusal is a child-motivated refusal to attend school or difficulty remaining in class for the full day. Child-motivated absenteeism occurs autonomously, by the volition of the child. This behavior is differentiated from non-child-motivate ...

disorder symptoms in children and identify their reasons for avoiding school. This

self-report inventory A self-report inventory is a type of psychological test in which a person fills out a survey or questionnaire with or without the help of an investigator. Self-report inventories often ask direct questions about personal interests, values, symp ...

, which is also available in parent response form, consists of 24 questions that measure the frequency with which a child experiences emotions and behaviors related to school attendance. Respondents are asked to answer each of the 24 items on a scale of 0 ("never") to 6 ("always"). The questionnaire takes about 10 minutes to complete and it is designed for use with children ages 5 and up. Several research studies support the SRAS-R as a

reliable Reliability, reliable, or unreliable may refer to: Science, technology, and mathematics Computing * Data reliability (disambiguation), a property of some disk arrays in computer storage * Reliability (computer networking), a category used to des ...

and valid measure of children's school refusal symptoms. __TOC__

Scoring and interpretation

Scoring the SRAS-R is based on a 0–6 scale, with each question being scored as follows based on participant response: *0 points: 0, meaning "never" *1 point: 1, meaning "seldom" *2 points: 2, meaning "sometimes" *3 points: 3, meaning "half the time" *4 points: 4, meaning "usually" *5 points: 5, meaning "almost always" *6 points: 6, meaning "always" Each item in the question set contributes to a different function which may be contributing to the child's school refusal behavior. Total scores may be computed by adding the scores of each of four functions on both the parent and child versions. These function scores are each divided by 6 (the number of scores in each set). Parent and child function scores are then summed and divided by 2 to determine the mean function score. The function with the highest mean score is considered the primary cause of the child's school avoidance. The function divisions are as follows: *Function one ("avoidance of stimuli provoking negative affectivity"): items 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, and 21 *Function two ("escape from aversive social and/or evaluative situations"): items 2, 6, 10, 14, 18, and 22 *Function three ("attention seeking"): items 3, 7, 11, 15, 19, and 23 *Function four ("tangible rewards"): items 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24

References

External links

full SRAS-R
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Diagnostic classification and rating scales used in psychiatry Diagnosis (: diagnoses) is the identification of the nature and cause of a certain phenomenon. Diagnosis is used in a lot of different disciplines, with variations in the use of logic, analytics, and experience, to determine " cause and effect". ...

Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent PsychologyEffectiveChildTherapy.Org information on rule-breaking, defiance, and acting out
Mental disorders screening and assessment tools {{psych-stub