''Thaxterogaster'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

fungi A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from ...

in the family Cortinariaceae.

Taxonomy

The genus was created in 1951 by the German mycologist

Rolf Singer Rolf Singer (June 23, 1906 – January 18, 1994) was a Germany, German-born mycologist and one of the most important Taxonomy (biology), taxonomists of gilled mushrooms (agarics) in the 20th century. After receiving his Ph.D. at the University ...

to contain the novel species ''Thaxterogaster magellanicum'' and ''Thaxterogaster violaceum.'' Several other species were placed in this genus in the subsequent decades but then reclassified as '' Cortinarius'' or ''

Descolea ''Descolea'' is a genus of fungi in the family Bolbitiaceae. Described by mycologist Rolf Singer in 1952, the widespread genus contains about 15 species. It was formerly placed in the family Cortinariaceae because of its limoniform basidiospores ...

'' species. In 2022 the family Cortinariaceae, which previously contained only the one genus of '' Cortinarius'' was reclassified based on genomic data and split into the genera of ''Cortinarius'', '' Aureonarius'', '' Austrocortinarius'', '' Calonarius'', '' Cystinarius'', '' Hygronarius'', '' Mystinarius'', '' Phlegmacium'', ''Thaxterogaster'' and '' Volvanarius''. Numerous ''Cortinarius'' species were transferred into the genus of ''Thaxterogaster'' as a result of this work. The genus is further divided with subgenus and section classifications: * ''Thaxterogaster'' subgenus Cretaces includes the section: ''Cretaces.'' * ''Thaxterogaster'' subgenus Thaxterogaster includes the sections: ''Alboaggregati'' and ''Thaxterogaster.'' * ''Thaxterogaster'' subgenus Multiformes includes the sections: ''Multiformes.'' * ''Thaxterogaster'' subgenus Riederorum includes the sections: ''Riederorum.'' * ''Thaxterogaster'' subgenus Scauri includes the sections: ''Scauri'' and ''Purpurascentes.'' * ''Thaxterogaster'' subgenus Variegati includes the sections: ''Variegati.''

Etymology

''Thaxterogaster'' is named for the mycologist

Roland Thaxter Roland Thaxter (August 28, 1858 – April 22, 1932) was an American mycologist, plant pathologist, botanist, and entomologist, renowned for his contribution to the insect parasitic fungi—Laboulbeniales. His college education was completed at Har ...

who deposited a specimen at the

Farlow Herbarium Farlow may refer to: * Farlow, Shropshire, England * Farlow (surname) * Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, a herbarium and library at Harvard University See also * Farlow and Kendrick Parks Historic District, Newton, Massachusetts * Farlow ...

under the name ''Secotium magellanicum''. This specimen was examined by Singer and used as the basis for his description of ''Thaxterogaster magellanicum''. The genus is named for Thaxter whilst 'gaster' refers to the, now obsolete, class Gasteromycetes since the species is

gasteroid The gasteroid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota. Species were formerly placed in the obsolete class Gasteromycetes Fr. (literally "stomach fungi"), or the equally obsolete order Gasteromycetales Rea, because they produce spores ins ...

in form.

Species

As of January 2023, Species Fungorum accepted 136 species of ''Thaxterogaster''. # '' Thaxterogaster aggregatus'' (Kauffman) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster alboaggregatus'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster alboamarescens'' (Kytöv., Niskanen & Liimat.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster anomalochrascens'' (Chevassut & Rob. Henry) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster argenteolilacinus'' (M.M. Moser) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster argyrionus'' (Danks, T. Lebel & Vernes) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster armenicorius'' (Soop & Brandrud) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster aurantionapus'' (Bidaud & Reumaux) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster australis'' (Gasparini) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster austrocyanites'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster austrosaginus'' (Gasparini) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster austroturmalis'' (M.M. Moser & E. Horak) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster austrovaginatus'' (Gasparini) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster barbatus'' (Batsch) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster burlinghamiae'' (Bojantchev) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster caesibulga'' (Vernes, Danks & T. Lebel) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster caesiolamellatus'' (Bidaud) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster caesiophylloides'' (Kytöv., Liimat., Niskanen, Brandrud & Frøslev) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster caledoniensis'' (P.D. Orton) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster castoreus'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster causticus'' (Fr.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster cervinus'' (M.M. Moser & E. Horak) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster chalybeus'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster chlorophyllus'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster cinereoroseolus'' (Danks, T. Lebel & Vernes) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster collocandoides'' (Reumaux) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster columbinus'' (M.M. Moser & E. Horak) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster comarostaphylidis'' (Ammirati, Halling & Garnica) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster comparoides'' (Ammirati, Halling & Garnica) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster corrugis'' (A.H. Sm.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster cremeolina'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster cremeorufus'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster crenulatus'' (Rob. Henry ex Bidaud & Reumaux) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster cretax'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster croceocoeruleus'' (Pers.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster crypticus'' (E. Horak) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster dulcamarus'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster dulciorum'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster eburneus'' (Velen.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster effundens'' (M.M. Moser, E. Horak & Singer) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster emollitoides'' (Bidaud, Moënne-Locc. & Reumaux) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster emollitus'' (Fr.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster eumarginatus'' (Rob. Henry ex Bidaud, Carteret & Reumaux) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster fiordlandensis'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster frondosomultiformis'' (Bellù, Brandrud & Dima) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster fuligineofolius'' (M.M. Moser) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster fulvo-ochrascens'' ochrascens (Rob. Henry) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster galeobdolon'' (Melot) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster genuinus'' (Bidaud & Carteret) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster glacialis'' (Bidaud & Reumaux) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster glaucocyanopus'' (Rob. Henry) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster herpeticus'' (Fr.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster imbricatoides'' (Rob. Henry) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster iringa'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster ixomolynus'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster kaimanawa'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster laquellus'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster largoides'' (Rob. Henry ex Bidaud, Carteret & Reumaux) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster leucoluteolus'' (Rob. Henry) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster leucophanes'' (P. Karst.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster lilaceolamellatus'' (Lebeuf, A. Paul, J. Landry & Y. Lamoureux) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster lustratus'' (Fr.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster luteofuscus'' (Peck) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster magellanicus'' Singer (1951) # '' Thaxterogaster magicus'' (Eichhorn) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster malachioides'' (P.D. Orton) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster malvaceus'' (E. Horak) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster mariae'' (E. Horak) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster medioscaurus'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster melleicarneus'' (Kytöv., Liimat., Niskanen & Brandrud) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster mendax'' (Bidaud, Mahiques & Reumaux) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster microspermus'' (J.E. Lange) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster monaensis'' Liimat., Danhao Wang & Niskanen (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster montanus'' (Kauffman) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster multiformis'' (Fr.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster mutabilis'' (A.H. Sm.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster myxenosma'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster myxoclaricolor'' (M.M. Moser) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster nebulobrunneus'' (Danks, T. Lebel & Vernes) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster occidentalis'' (A.H. Sm.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster ochroamarus'' (Niskanen, Kytöv. & Liimat.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster ochroleucus'' (Schaeff.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster ochropudorinus'' (Rob. Henry ex Bidaud & Reumaux) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster olivaceus'' (Peck) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster olorinatus'' (E. Horak) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster oregonensis'' (A.H. Sm.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster ovreboi'' (Ammirati, Halling & Garnica) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster pallidirimosus'' (Kytöv., Liimat. & Niskanen) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster pallidoriederi'' (Brandrud, Dima & Bellù) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster parapluvius'' (Bidaud & Reumaux) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster parksianus'' (A.H. Sm.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster parolivascens'' (Moënne-Locc. & Reumaux) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster periclymenus'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster peristeris'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster permagnificus'' (E. Horak) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster persicanus'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster picoides'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster pinophilus'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster pluvialis'' (Kühner) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster pluvius'' (Fr.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster porphyropus'' (Alb. & Schwein.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster pseudoarquatus'' (A.H. Sm.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster pseudominor'' (Rob. Henry ex Reumaux) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster pseudotalus'' (Rob. Henry ex Bidaud & Reumaux) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster pseudotriumphans'' (M.M. Moser & E. Horak) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster psilomorphus'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster pugionipes'' (M.M. Moser) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster purpurascens'' (Fr.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster reginae'' Niskanen, Liimat., Kytöv. & Danhao Wang (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster rhipiduranus'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster rhodophyllus'' (M.M. Moser & E. Horak) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster riederi'' (Weinm.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster rufoallutus'' (Rob. Henry ex Bidaud & Reumaux) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster scaurus'' (Fr.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster singularis'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster sphagnophilus'' (Peck) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster stilazureus'' (Rob. Henry) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster subinops'' (Reumaux) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster submagellanicus'' (Gasparini) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster subporphyropus'' (Pilát) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster subpurpurascens'' (Batsch) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster subsebaceus'' (Bidaud, Carteret & Reumaux) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster talimultiformis'' (Kytöv., Liimat., Niskanen, A.F.S. Taylor & Seslı) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster talus'' (Fr.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster thalliopurpurascens'' (Rob. Henry) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster turcopes'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster turmalis'' (Fr.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster ultimus'' Liimat., Danhao Wang, D. Savage & Niskanen (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster urbiculus'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster variegatus'' (Bres.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster verniciorum'' (Soop) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster vespertinus'' (Fr.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster vibratilis'' (Fr.) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster violaceonitens'' (Rob. Henry) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster virentophyllus'' (Kauffman) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022) # '' Thaxterogaster xiphidipus'' (M.M. Moser & E. Horak) Niskanen & Liimat. (2022)

References

Agaricales genera Cortinariaceae {{Cortinariaceae-stub