''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...

s in the arum family,

Araceae The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe (or leaf-like bract). Also ...

. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America.

Taxonomy

The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by

Heinrich Wilhelm Schott Heinrich Wilhelm Schott (7 January 1794 – 5 March 1865) was an Austrian botanist. He is known for his extensive work on aroids ( Araceae). Biography Schott was born on 7 January 1794 in Brno, Moravia. He studied botany, agriculture and chemi ...

in 1859, with the sole species '' Thaumatophyllum spruceanum''. In 1962, G.M. Barroso transferred ''T. spruceanum'' to '' Philodendron'', though the transfer was not made correctly and Barroso's name ''Philodendron spruceanum'' is illegitimate. While in ''Philodendron'', ''T. spruceanum'' was placed, along with other species, in subgenus ''Meconostigma''. A series of

molecular phylogenetic Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...

studies, particularly from 2008 onwards, suggested that, when broadly circumscribed, ''Philodendron'' was not

monophyletic In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of organisms which meets these criteria: # the grouping contains its own most recent co ...

. In 2018, it was proposed that subgenus ''Meconostigma'' should be raised to the rank of genus, under the name ''Thaumatophyllum''. The proposal has been accepted by

Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online taxonomic database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. History Following the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew launched Plants of the World Online i ...

, among other taxonomic databases. The generic epithet ''Thaumatophyllum'' comes from

Ancient Greek Ancient Greek (, ; ) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the classical antiquity, ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Greek ...

(, "miracle") + (, "leaf").

Phylogeny

Relationships among the former subgenera of ''Philodendron'' and related genera are not yet fully resolved. Several studies that have produced a resolved tree suggest that relationships may be of the form:

Species

accepted the following species: *''

Thaumatophyllum adamantinum ''Thaumatophyllum adamantinum'' is a plant in the genus ''Thaumatophyllum'', in the family Araceae. It is native to South America, namely to Southeast Brazil, but is also cultivated as a houseplant in cooler climates. Previously ''Thaumatophyllu ...

'' (Mart. ex Schott) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum ''Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum'' (common names: split-leaf philodendron, lacy tree philodendron, selloum, horsehead philodendron, guaimbé) is a plant in the genus ''Thaumatophyllum'', in the family Araceae. Previously it was classified in the ...

'' (Schott ex Endl.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum brasiliense ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (Engl.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum corcovadense ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (Kunth) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum dardanianum ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (Mayo) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum leal-costae ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (Mayo & G.M.Barroso) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum lundii ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (Warm.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum mello-barretoanum ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (Burle-Marx ex G.M.Barroso) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum paludicola ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (E.G.Gonç. & Salviani) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum petraeum ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (Chodat & Vischer) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum saxicola ''Philodendron saxicola'', the rock philodendron, is a species of flowering plant in the family Araceae. It is endemic to Bahia Bahia () is one of the 26 Federative units of Brazil, states of Brazil, located in the Northeast Region, Brazil, ...

'' (K.Krause) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum solimoesense ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (A.C.Sm.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum speciosum ''Thaumatophyllum speciosum'' is a species of plant in the family Araceae, native to Brazil and Bolivia Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. The country features d ...

'' (Schott ex Endl.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum spruceanum'' Schott *''

Thaumatophyllum stenolobum ''Philodendron stenolobum'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Araceae. It is native to Espírito Santo, Brazil. A epiphytic subshrub, it is typically found in the wet tropical biome, but along with other members of its subgenus ''Meco ...

'' (E.G.Gonç.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum tweedieanum ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (Schott) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum uliginosum ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly ''Philodendron#Modern classification, Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' ...

'' (Mayo) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum undulatum ''Thaumatophyllum'' (formerly '' Meconostigma'') is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus ''Thaumatophyllum'' was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Sch ...

'' (Engl.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum venezuelense'' (G.S.Bunting) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *'' Thaumatophyllum williamsii'' (Hook.f.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo *''

Thaumatophyllum xanadu ''Thaumatophyllum xanadu'' is a perennial plant belonging to the arum family Araceae and the genus ''Thaumatophyllum'', formerly classified under the '' Meconostigma'' subgenus of '' Philodendron''. This plant is native to Brazil, but is widel ...

'' (Croat, J.Boos & Mayo) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo

References

{{Taxonbar, from1=Q58336068 Araceae genera