Thaʾrān Yuhanʿim (c. 324–375) was a king (

Tubba' This is a list of rulers of Saba' and Himyar, ancient Arab kingdoms which are now part of present-day Yemen. The kingdom of Saba' became part of the Himyarite Kingdom in the late 3rd century CE. The title Mukarrib (Old South Arabian: , romanize ...

, ) of the

Himyarite Kingdom Himyar was a polity in the southern highlands of Yemen, as well as the name of the region which it claimed. Until 110 BCE, it was integrated into the Qataban, Qatabanian kingdom, afterwards being recognized as an independent kingdom. According ...

(in modern-day

Yemen Yemen, officially the Republic of Yemen, is a country in West Asia. Located in South Arabia, southern Arabia, it borders Saudi Arabia to Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, the north, Oman to Oman–Yemen border, the northeast, the south-eastern part ...

), and was the second king of the new dynasty founded by his father Dhamar Ali Yahbur II. He had an unusually long reign, on the order of fifty to fifty-five years and his son,

Malkikarib Yuhamin Malkīkarib Yuha’min (r. 375–400) was a king (Tubba', ) of the Himyarite Kingdom (in modern-day Yemen), succeeding his father Tharan Yuhanim. Byzantine sources and contemporary historians credit him with converting the ruling class of the Himy ...

, appears to have entered the throne at an advanced age. Iwona Gajda has proposed that the oldest known monotheistic Himyarite inscription (YM 1950), dating either to 363 or 373, comes from his reign. More recently, Christian Julien Robin has identified an earlier monotheistic inscription from his reign that dates earlier than 355. Byzantine historians more prominently know of a conversion to

Judaism Judaism () is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic, Monotheism, monotheistic, ethnic religion that comprises the collective spiritual, cultural, and legal traditions of the Jews, Jewish people. Religious Jews regard Judaism as their means of o ...

during the reign of his son and successor, Malkikarib. He is known to the Islamic-era Yemeni traditionalist al-Hasan al-Hamdani as Yunʿim Tārān, and was conceived by this author to be the founder of a dynasty. He is also known to

Muhammad ibn Habib al-Baghdadi Muhammad ibn Habib al-Baghdadi (Arabic: محمد بن حبيب البغدادي), full name Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Habib ibn Umayyah ibn 'Amr al-Hashimi, was a ninth-century historian, writer and linguist who lived in Baghdad, Iraq. Career Al- ...

as Bārān Yuhanʿim in his ''al-Muḥabbar''.

Inscriptions

Tharan Yuhanim is known from the following inscriptions (though he authors none of them): * Maṣnaʿat Māriya 1 ** This inscription invokes Tharan as sole ruler, though it is possible he had a coregent. * ʿAbadān 1 ** Commemorates military achievements of a prominent family from eastern Yemen that were made over the course of three generations. * YM 1950 ** This inscription provides evidence that some high-ranking officials already adhered to monotheism. The king is invoked here with more than one, and so this inscription likely dates to the latter part of the reign of Tharan. * JA 669 * JA 670 * JA 671 + 788 * DhM 201 * DhM 204 * MQ Minkath 1 * Khaldūn Balās 1.

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* * * {{Cite book , last=Robin , first=Christian Julien , title=The Oxford Handbook of Late Antiquity , date=2012 , publisher=Oxford University Press , editor-last=Johnson , editor-first=Scott Fitzgerald , pages=247–332 , chapter=Arabia and Ethiopia 4th-century Arab people Kings of Himyar Middle Eastern kings Yemenite Jews Yemeni monarchy

Inscriptions

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