''Thais'', sometimes known by the

common name In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of everyday life; and is often con ...

s dog winkles or rock shells, is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

of medium to large

predatory Predation is a biological interaction in which one organism, the predator, kills and eats another organism, its prey. It is one of a family of common feeding behaviours that includes parasitism and micropredation (which usually do not kill ...

sea snail Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...

s with an operculum, marine

gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...

mollusc Mollusca is a phylum of protostome, protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant taxon, extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum ...

s in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as murex snails or rock snails. With over 1,700 living species, the Muricidae represent almost 10% of the Neog ...

.Houart, R.; Gofas, S. (2010). Thais Röding, 1798. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138207 on 2011-01-10

Species

Species within the genus ''Thais'' include: * '' Thais ambustulata'' Hedley, 1912 * '' Thais dayunensis'' Z.-Y. Chen & Z.-J. You, 2009 * † '' Thais demissa'' Finlay, 1930 * ''

Thais nodosa ''Thais nodosa'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Description The length of the shell attains . Distribution Inhabits rocky shores of Brazil and western Africa, ( ...

'' (

Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...

1758 Events January–March * January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the starting point of modern zoologic ...

) * ''

Thais pseudodiadema ''Thais pseudodiadema'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as m ...

'' (Yokoyama, 1928) * '' Thais tricolorata'' Bozzetti, 2010

Synonyms

* ''Thais aculeata''

Deshayes Deshayes is a surname of French origin. * André-Jean-Jacques Deshayes (1777–1846), French ballet dancer and choreographer * Arnouph Deshayes de Cambronne (1768–1846), French governor * Catherine Deshayes, widow Monvoisin, known as "La Voisin ...

& Milne-Edwards, 1844: synonym of ''

Tylothais aculeata ''Tylothais aculeata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Tylothais aculeata'' (Deshayes, 1844). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Speci ...

'' (Deshayes, 1844) * '' Thais alouina'' ( Röding, 1798): synonym of ''

Mancinella alouina ''Mancinella alouina'', common names alou rock shell, alou rock snail, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Mancinella alouina'' (Röding, 1798). A ...

'' (Röding, 1798) * ''Thais aperta'' Blainville, 1832: synonym of ''

Drupa aperta ''Drupa aperta'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as murex sna ...

'' ( Blainville, 1832) * ''Thais bimaculata'' (Jonas, 1845): synonym of ''

Menathais bimaculata ''Menathais bimaculata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as ...

'' (Jonas, 1845) * ''Thais bitubercularis'' (

Lamarck Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolo ...

, 1822): synonym of ''

Reishia bitubercularis ''Reishia bitubercularis'', common names bituberculate rock shell, bituberculate rock snail, chestnut rock shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.MolluscaBase (2018) ...

'' (Lamarck, 1822) * ''Thais blanfordi'' (Melvill, 1893): synonym of ''

Indothais blanfordi ''Indothais blanfordi'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as m ...

'' (Melvill, 1893) * ''Thais bronni'' (Dunker, 1860): synonym of ''

Reishia bronni ''Reishia luteostoma'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Reishia luteostoma'' (Holten, 1803). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Specie ...

'' (Dunker, 1860) * ''Thais callaoensis'' (Gray, 1828): synonym of '' Acanthais callaoensis'' (J. E. Gray, 1828) (superseded combination) * ''Thais callifera'' (

, 1822): synonym of ''

Thaisella callifera ''Thaisella'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Thaisella'' Clench, 1947. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marin ...

'' (Lamarck, 1822) * ''Thais carinifera'': synonym of ''Thais lacera'' (Born, 1778) * ''Thais chocolata'' (Duclos, 1832): synonym of ''

Thaisella chocolata ''Thaisella chocolata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Thaisella chocolata'' (Duclos, 1832). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Speci ...

'' (P.L. Duclos, 1832) * ''Thais clavigera'' Köster, 1858: synonym of ''

Reishia clavigera ''Reishia clavigera'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. This species has been found to be useful as an indicator of the environmental contamination levels of arsenic, ...

'' (Küster, 1860) * ''Thais coronata'' (

, 1816): synonym of ''

Thaisella coronata ''Thaisella coronata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Thaisella coronata'' (Lamarck, 1816). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Specie ...

'' (Lamarck, 1816) * ''Thais delessertiana'' (

D'Orbigny Alcide Charles Victor Marie Dessalines d'Orbigny (6 September 1802 – 30 June 1857) was a French naturalist who made major contributions in many areas, including zoology (including malacology), palaeontology, geology, archaeology and anthropol ...

, 1841): synonym of '' Stramonita delessertiana'' (d'Orbigny, 1841) * ''Thais deltoidea'' (

, 1822) - deltoid rocksnail: synonym of '' Vasula deltoidea'' (Lamarck, 1822) * ''Thais dubia'' (

Schepman Mattheus Marinus Schepman (17 August 1847 – 19 November 1919) was a Dutch malacologist. He was one of the foremost collectors of mollusc shells in the Netherlands, and was also high on the overall list of European collectors. Dutch collectors ...

, 1922): synonym of '' Indothais dubia'' (Schepman, 1919) * ''Thais echinata'' ( Blainville, 1832): synonym of '' Mancinella echinata'' (Blainville, 1832) * ''Thais echinulata'' (

, 1822): synonym of '' Mancinella echinulata'' (Lamarck, 1822) * ''Thais emarginata'' (

, 1839): synonym of ''

Nucella emarginata ''Nucella emarginata'', common name the emarginate dogwinkle, is a species of medium-sized predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Description ''N. emarginata'' is a rocky inter ...

'' (

, 1839) * ''Thais gemmulata'': synonym of '' Thais (Mancinella) alouina'' ( Röding, 1798) * ''Thais gradata'' (Jonas, 1846): synonym of ''

Indothais gradata ''Indothais gradata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as mur ...

'' (Jonas, 1846) * ''Thais grandis'' (Sowerby, 1835): synonym of '' Neorapana grandis'' (Sowerby I, 1835) * ''Thais grossa'' Houart, 2001: synonym of '' Mancinella grossa'' (Houart, 2001) (basionym) * ''Thais haemastoma'' (

): synonym of ''

Stramonita haemastoma ''Stramonita haemastoma'', common name the red-mouthed rock shell or the Florida dog winkle, is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Muricidae, the rock snails. Subspecies ''Stramonita haemastoma'' contains ...

'' (

, 1767) * ''Thais herberti'' Houart, 1998: synonym of '' Mancinella herberti'' (Houart, 1998) (basionym) * ''Thais hippocastanum'' (

): synonym of '' Thais (Thalessa) virgata'' (Dillwyn, 1817) * ''Thais intermedia'' ( Kiener, 1835): synonym of '' Menathais intermedia'' (Kiener, 1835) * ''Thais javanica'' (Philippi, 1848): synonym of ''

Indothais javanica ''Indothais javanica'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Indothais javanica'' (Philippi, 1848). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Spec ...

'' (Philippi, 1848) * ''Thais jubilaea'' Tan & Sigurdsson, 1990:Tan K. S. & Sigurdsson J. B. (1990). "A new species of ''Thais'' (Gastropoda: Muricidae) from Singapore and Peninsular Malaysia". ''

The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology ''The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology'' is a peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal published by the Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum at the National University of Singapore. Overview It covers the taxonomy, ecology, and conservation of S ...

'' 38(2): 205-211
PDF
. synonym of ''

Reishia jubilaea ''Reishia jubilaea'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as mur ...

'' (K.-S. Tan & Sigurdsson, 1990): synonym of ''

Reishia luteostoma ''Reishia luteostoma'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Reishia luteostoma'' (Holten, 1803). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Specie ...

'' (Holten, 1802) * ''Thais keluo'' Tan & Liu, 2001: synonym of ''

Reishia keluo ''Reishia keluo'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as murex ...

'' (K.-S. Tan & L.-L. Liu, 2001) * ''Thais kiosquiformis'' (Duclos, 1832): synonym of ''

Thaisella kiosquiformis ''Thaisella'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Thaisella'' Clench, 1947. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marin ...

'' (Duclos, 1832) * ''Thais lacera'' (

Born Born may refer to: * Childbirth * Born (surname), a surname (see also for a list of people with the name) * ''Born'' (comics), a comic book limited series Places * Born, Belgium, a village in the German-speaking Community of Belgium * Born, Luxe ...

, 1778): synonym of ''

Indothais lacera ''Indothais lacera'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Indothais lacera (Born, 1778). Accessed through: World Register of Marin ...

'' (Born, 1778) * ''Thais lamellosa'' (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of ''

Nucella lamellosa ''Nucella lamellosa'', commonly known as the frilled dogwinkle or wrinkled purple whelk, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. This species occurs in the eastern Pacific O ...

'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Thais langi'' Clench & Turner, 1948: synonym of ''

Thaisella forbesii ''Thaisella forbesii'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Thaisella forbesii'' (Dunker, 1853). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species ...

'' (Dunker, 1853) * ''Thais lapillus''

- the

dog whelk The dog whelk, dogwhelk, or Atlantic dogwinkle (''Nucella lapillus'') is a species of predatory sea snail, a carnivorous marine gastropod in the family Muricidae, the rock snails. ''Nucella lapillus'' was originally described by Carl Linnaeus i ...

: synonym of''

Nucella lapillus ''Nucella'', common name dog whelks or dog winkles, is a genus of small to medium-sized predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Ocenebrinae which is part of the large family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. ...

'' (

) * ''Thais lata'' ( Kuroda, 1931): synonym of '' Mancinella lata'' (Kuroda, 1931) * ''Thais luteostoma'' Holton, 1803: synonym of ''

'' (Holten, 1802) * ''Thais malayensis'' Tan & Sigurdsson, 1996: synonym of ''

Indothais malayensis ''Indothais malayensis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Indothais malayensis (Tan & Sigurdsson, 1996). Accessed through: Wor ...

'' (Tan & Sigurdsson, 1996) * ''Thais mancinella''

: synonym of ''

'' (Röding, 1798) * ''Thais mariae'' Morettes, 1954: synonym of ''

Thaisella mariae ''Thaisella'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Thaisella'' Clench, 1947. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marin ...

'' (Morretes, 1954) (basionym) * ''Thais marmorata'' ( Pease, 1865): synonym of '' Mancinella marmorata'' (Pease, 1865) * ''Thais melones'' (Duclos, 1832): synonym of '' Vasula melones'' (Duclos, 1832) * ''Thais muricata'' (Broderip, 1832): synonym of '' Neorapana muricata'' (Broderip, 1832) * ''Thais orbita'' (

Gmelin Gmelin may refer to: * Karl Christian Gmelin, Carl Christian Gmelin (1762–1837), German botanist, author of ''Flora Badensis, Alsatica et confinium regionum cis- et transrhenania'' (1806) * Charles Gmelin (1872–1950), British Olympic athlete * ...

, 1791) - White rock shell: synonym of ''

Dicathais orbita ''Dicathais'' is a genus of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family (biology), family Muricidae, the rock snails. This genus is monotypic; the only species in it is ''Dicathais orbita'', common name the white rock shell or c ...

'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Thais pica'' Blainville: synonym of '' Thais (Thalessa) tuberosa'' ( Röding, 1798) * ''Thais pinangensis'' Tan & Sigurdsson, 1996: synonym of ''

Indothais pinangensis ''Indothais pinangensis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known a ...

'' (K. S. Tan & Sigurdsson, 1996) * ''Thais rufotincta'' Tan & Sigurdsson, 1996: synonym of ''

Indothais rufotincta ''Indothais rufotincta'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Indothais rufotincta'' (K. S. Tan & Sigurdsson, 1996). Accessed through: World Regist ...

'' (K. S. Tan & Sigurdsson, 1996) * ''Thais rustica'' (

, 1822) Rustic rocksnail: synonym of '' Stramonita rustica'' (Lamarck, 1822) * ''Thais sacellum'' (

, 1791): synonym of ''

Indothais sacellum ''Indothais sacellum'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Indothais sacellum'' (Gmelin, 1791). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species ...

'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Thais savignyi'' (

, 1844): synonym of ''Thalessa savignyi'' (Deshayes, 1844); synonym of '' Tylothais savignyi'' (Deshayes, 1844) * '' Thais siro'' Kuroda, 1931: synonym of '' Mancinella siro'' (Kuroda, 1931) * ''Thais speciosa'' (Valenciennes, 1832): synonym of '' Vasula speciosa'' (Valenciennes, 1832) * ''Thais stellata'' Röding, 1798: synonym of ''

'' (

, 1767) * ''Thais tissoti'' (

Petit Petit is a French-language surname literally meaning "small" or "little". Notable people with the surname include: *Adriana Petit (born 1984), Spanish multidisciplinary artist *Alexis Thérèse Petit (1791–1820), French physicist * Amandine Pet ...

, 1852): synonym of ''

Semiricinula tissoti ''Semiricinula tissoti'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Semiricinula tissoti'' (Petit de la Saussaye, 1852). Accessed through: World Register ...

'' (Petit de la Saussaye, 1852) * ''Thais triangularis'' ( Blainville, 1832): synonym of '' Acanthais triangularis'' (Blainville, 1832) * ''Thais trinitatensis'' (Guppy, 1869): synonym of '' Thaisella trinitatensis'' (Guppy, 1869) (superseded combination) * ''Thais tuberculata'' (Sowerby, 1835): synonym of '' Neorapana tuberculata'' (Sowerby I, 1835) * ''Thais tuberosa'' ( Röding, 1798): synonym of '' Menathais tuberosa'' (Röding, 1798) * ''Thais tumulosa'' ( Reeve, 1846): synonym of ''Thalessa tumulosa'' (Reeve, 1846): synonym of '' Thaisella tumulosa'' (Reeve, 1846) * ''Thais undata''

: synonym of ''

'' (Lamarck, 1822) * ''Thais virgata'' ( Dillwyn, 1817): synonym of '' Tylothais virgata'' (Dillwyn, 1817) * ''Thais woodwardi'' (Roxo, 1924): synonym of † '' Melongena woodwardi'' (Roxo, 1924) - from

Miocene The Miocene ( ) is the first epoch (geology), geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and mea ...

of the

Pebas Formation The Pebas Formation is a stratigraphic unit#Lithostratigraphic units, lithostratigraphic unit of Miocene age, found in western Amazon rainforest, Amazonia. The geological formation, formation extends over , including parts of Brazil, Peru, Ecuador ...

Vermeij J. & Wesselingh F. P. (2002). "Neogastropod molluscs from the Miocene of western Amazonia, with comments on marine to freshwater transitions in molluscs". ''

Journal of Paleontology The ''Journal of Paleontology'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the field of paleontology. It is managed and published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Paleontological Society. Indexing The ''Journal of Paleontology ...

'' 76(2): 265-270. . * ''Thais wutingi'' Tan, 1997: synonym of ''

Indothais wutingi ''Indothais wutingi'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Distribution This marine species occurs off Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Aus ...

'' (Tan, 1997) (original combination)

References

* Vaught, K.C. (1989). ''A classification of the living Mollusca''. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). . XII, 195 pp * Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). ''European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a Hedley bibliography of guides to their identification''. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213

External links

Röding, P. F. (1798). Museum Boltenianum sive Catalogus cimeliorum e tribus regnis naturæ quæ olim collegerat Joa. Fried Bolten, M. D. p. d. per XL. annos proto physicus Hamburgensis. Pars secunda continens Conchylia sive Testacea univalvia, bivalvia & multivalvia. Trapp, Hamburg. viii, 199 pp.
* {{Authority control Rapaninae Taxa named by Peter Friedrich Röding Gastropod genera

Species

Synonyms

References

Further reading

External links