Tetiiv (, ) or Tetiyev () is a city in

Bila Tserkva Raion Bila Tserkva Raion () is a raion (district) in Kyiv Oblast of Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Bila Tserkva. Population: . On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Kyiv Oblast was ...

in the Kyiv Region in

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

. Tetiiv has a railway station on the

Southwestern Railways Southwestern Railways (PZZ), () headquartered in Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine, is a component part of the Ukrainian Railways, Ukrzaliznytsia company, its regional branch. It is named "Southwestern" because it is Southwest of Moscow, despite bei ...

Koziatyn Koziatyn (also referred to as Kozyatyn; , ; ; ) is a city in the Vinnytsia Oblast (province) in central Ukraine. It served as the administrative center of the Koziatyn Raion (district); the city itself was not a part of the district and was separ ...

Zhashkiv Zhashkiv (, ) is a city in Uman Raion, Cherkasy Oblast (province) of Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Zhashkiv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. It had a population of Administrative status Zhashkiv gained status as a city ...

line. It hosts the administration of Tetiiv urban hromada, one of the

hromada In Ukraine, a hromada () is the main type of municipality and the third level Administrative divisions of Ukraine, local self-government in Ukraine. The current hromadas were established by the Cabinet of ministers of Ukraine, Government of Uk ...

s of Ukraine. The population is The city is located on two banks of the Roska River, into which the right tributaries of the Rosishka and Dubravka flow.

Transport

The main form of transportation is the Koziatyn-Zhashkiv railway, which passes through the city. There are two railway stations: Tetiiv and Sloboda Post, which are both located in the western part of the city.

History

Tetyjów, as it was known in Polish, was granted Magdeburg town rights with a weekly market and two annual

fair A fair (archaic: faire or fayre) is a gathering of people for a variety of entertainment or commercial activities. Fairs are typically temporary with scheduled times lasting from an afternoon to several weeks. Fairs showcase a wide range of go ...

s by Polish King

Sigismund III Vasa Sigismund III Vasa (, ; 20 June 1566 – 30 April 1632 N.S.) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1587 to 1632 and, as Sigismund, King of Sweden from 1592 to 1599. He was the first Polish sovereign from the House of Vasa. Re ...

in 1606. It was a

private town Private towns in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth were privately owned towns within the lands owned by magnates, bishops, knights and princes, among others. Amongst the most well-known former private magnate towns are Białystok, Zamość, R ...

of the

Ostrogski The House of Ostrogski (; ; ) was one of the more prominent families in the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Kingdom of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The family spanned from the 14th century Rut ...

, Zasławski,

Sanguszko The House of Sanguszko is a Polish and Lithuanian noble and aristocratic family of Lithuanian and Ruthenian origin, connected to the Gediminid dynasty. Like other princely houses of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, its origins are considered m ...

, Leduchowski and Ostrowski

noble families Nobility is a social class found in many societies that have an aristocracy. It is normally appointed by and ranked immediately below royalty. Nobility has often been an estate of the realm with many exclusive functions and characteristics. Th ...

, administratively located in the Bracław County in the

Bracław Voivodeship The Bracław Voivodeship (; ; , ''Braclavśke vojevodstvo'') was a unit of administrative division of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Created in 1566 as part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, it was passed to the Crown of the Kingdom of Pola ...

in the Lesser Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland. Tetiiv was first inhabited by Jews since the 17th century, with many members of the community dying in a

massacre A massacre is an event of killing people who are not engaged in hostilities or are defenseless. It is generally used to describe a targeted killing of civilians Glossary of French words and expressions in English#En masse, en masse by an armed ...

Haydamak The haydamaks, also haidamakas or haidamaky or haidamaks ( ''haidamaka''; ''haidamaky'', from and ) were soldiers of Ukrainian Cossack paramilitary outfits composed of commoners (peasants, craftsmen), and impoverished noblemen in the easter ...

s in 1768. Despite this, Tetiiv continued to exist as a

shtetl or ( ; , ; Grammatical number#Overview, pl. ''shtetelekh'') is a Yiddish term for small towns with predominantly Ashkenazi Jews, Ashkenazi Jewish populations which Eastern European Jewry, existed in Eastern Europe before the Holocaust. The t ...

and held a 95% Jewish population in 1897. In August 1919,

Cossacks The Cossacks are a predominantly East Slavic languages, East Slavic Eastern Christian people originating in the Pontic–Caspian steppe of eastern Ukraine and southern Russia. Cossacks played an important role in defending the southern borde ...

from the

White Army The White Army, also known as the White Guard, the White Guardsmen, or simply the Whites, was a common collective name for the armed formations of the White movement and Anti-Sovietism, anti-Bolshevik governments during the Russian Civil War. T ...

ransacked the city, killing dozens of Jews. This was followed by a larger

pogrom A pogrom is a violent riot incited with the aim of Massacre, massacring or expelling an ethnic or religious group, particularly Jews. The term entered the English language from Russian to describe late 19th- and early 20th-century Anti-Jewis ...

in March 1920, in which anti-Bolshevik insurgents went door to door destroying Jewish houses and killing civilians on sight, culminating in an arson attack on the synagogue while it housed 2,000 worshipers inside, followed by the gunning down of any survivors who tried to escape. An estimated 3,000-4,000 Jews died due to the Tetiyev pogroms and the remaining Jewish population completely fled the city, only returning a decade later. A significant diaspora from Tetiyev immigrated to

Cleveland Cleveland is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Cuyahoga County. Located along the southern shore of Lake Erie, it is situated across the Canada–U.S. maritime border and approximately west of the Ohio-Pennsylvania st ...

Ohio Ohio ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Erie to the north, Pennsylvania to the east, West Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Indiana to the ...

, where they established the Oheb Zedek-Cedar Sinai Synagogue. During

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

, the city was occupied by

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German Reich, German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a Totalit ...

from 1941 to 1944. Until 18 July 2020, Tetiiv was the administrative center of Tetiiv Raion. The raion was abolished that day as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Kyiv Oblast to seven. The area of Tetiiva Raion was merged into Bila Tserkva Raion.

Sights

* is a Polish Catholic stone church built at the beginning of the 19th century. * The partially damaged Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The

Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland The Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland and other Slavic Countries () is a monumental Polish gazetteer, published 1880–1902 in Warsaw Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns ...

writes that ... "Latins have in Tetiiv their church a stone parish named after St. John of Nepomucen, Build in the current century (XIX)." In Soviet times, the church became part of the Electronmash factory. * Monument to the

Magdeburg Law Magdeburg rights (, , ; also called Magdeburg Law) were a set of town privileges first developed by Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (936–973) and based on the Flemish Law, which regulated the degree of internal autonomy within cities and villages gr ...

, erected on May 2, 2016 in honor of the 410 anniversary of the receipt. * Memorial on the site of the Tetiiv city hall * Barrow "Red Grave", four ancient burial places * , built in 1812 *Monument to the victims of the Holodomor of 1932-1933 *Monument to executed members of

Koliivshchyna The Koliivshchyna (; ) was a major haidamaky rebellion that broke out in Right-bank Ukraine in June 1768, caused by the dissatisfaction of peasants with the treatment of Orthodox Christians by the Bar Confederation and serfdom, as well as b ...

*Monument to Andrew the First-Called *Monument to Princess Olga * Memorial at the city's old Jewish cemetery

Politics

Since May 17, 2018, Tetiiv has been a member of the European Union's Mayors for Economic Growth Initiative. The city has made an

emissions reduction Emissions reduction can refer to: * Climate change mitigation * Air pollution Air pollution is the presence of substances in the Atmosphere of Earth, air that are harmful to humans, other living beings or the environment. Pollutants can be Gas, ...

program that intends to cut down on

carbon emissions Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from human activities intensify the greenhouse effect. This contributes to climate change. Carbon dioxide (), from burning fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, oil, and natural gas, is the main cause of climate chan ...

by 30% by 2030, with a long-term goal of 50%. Since 2017, the Tetiiv City has been the administrative center of the Tetiiv city united territorial community. The community includes 13 counties. Tetiiv is a member of the following organizations: * * The mayor of Tetiiv is Bogdan Balagura.

Local celebrations

Tetiiv City Day

Since 2016,

City Day A City Day () is a type of annual festival celebrated in several cities in Russia and other countries of the former Soviet Union. The date varies from city to city, but it is often celebrated on a weekend. For example, Moscow City Day is typica ...

celebrations have been postponing to the first decade of May, when Tetiiv received self-government under Magdeburg Law, namely on May 4, 1606, at the request of Prince Janush Ostrozhskiy.

Notable people

Phil Spitalny Phil Spitalny (November 7, 1890 – October 11, 1970) was a Russian-born American musician, music critic, composer, and bandleader heard often on radio during the 1930s and 1940s. He rose to fame after he led an all-female orchestra, a novelty at ...

(1890–1970), musician, H Leopold Spitalny (1887-1971) musician, NBC music director

Gallery

File:Тетіїв. В'їзд у місто.jpg, Place name sign File:Тетіїв. Міська рада.jpg, City Council File:Тетіїв. Районний будинок культури.jpg, House of Culture File:Тетіїв. Церква.jpg, Church File:Тетіїв. Залізнична станція.jpg, Railway station File:Лебединий заказник, Тетіїв.jpg, Nature reserve near Tetiiv

References

External links

tetiev.net.ua
{{Authority control Cities in Kyiv Oblast Historic Jewish communities in Ukraine 1185 establishments in Europe Cities of district significance in Ukraine