Telephone numbers in Russia are administered by

Roskomnadzor The Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Media, abbreviated as ''Roskomnadzor'' (RKN), is the Russian federal executive agency responsible for monitoring, controlling and censoring Russian mass media. ...

, and the

Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media The Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation, often abbreviated as ''Minkomsvyaz'', is a ministry of the Government of Russia responsible for telecommunications, media and the post. History The Mi ...

of the Russian Federation.

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

's national

telephone numbering plan A telephone numbering plan is a type of numbering scheme used in telecommunication to assign telephone numbers to subscriber telephones or other telephony endpoints. Telephone numbers are the addresses of participants in a telephone network, reach ...

comprises four levels of destination routing codes with local, zone, country, and international scopes, implementing a

closed numbering plan A telephone numbering plan is a type of numbering scheme used in telecommunication to assign telephone numbers to subscriber telephones or other telephony endpoints. Telephone numbers are the addresses of participants in a telephone network, reach ...

, in which the number of digits of all national significant numbers assigned to subscriber telephones is fixed at ten, with three digits for the area code, and a seven-digit subscriber number which includes a zone code of up to two digits. Russia is a member of the

International Telecommunication Union The International Telecommunication Union (ITU)In the other common languages of the ITU: * * is a list of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for many matters related to information ...

(ITU) and participates in the international numbering plan provided by recommendations E.164 and E.123, using the

telephone country code A telephone country code is a country-specific telephone number prefix for international direct dialing (IDD), a system for reaching telephone service subscribers in foreign areas via international telecommunication networks. Country codes are de ...

7, which is shared with

Kazakhstan Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a landlocked country primarily in Central Asia, with a European Kazakhstan, small portion in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the Kazakhstan–Russia border, north and west, China to th ...

, designating two area codes for routing calls to that country. Country code 7 was originally assigned to the

Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

, and continued to be used by the fifteen

successor states Succession of states is a concept in international relations regarding a successor state that has become a sovereign state over a territory (and populace) that was previously under the sovereignty of another state. The theory has its roots in 19th ...

after the 1991

dissolution of the Soviet Union The Soviet Union was formally dissolved as a sovereign state and subject of international law on 26 December 1991 by Declaration No. 142-N of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. Declaration No. 142-Н of ...

. All but two successor states switched to new, individual country codes from the ''3xx'' and ''9xx'' ranges between 1993 and 1998.

Dialing pattern

Calls within Russia

8 ABC xxx-xx-xx (where ABC is the area code) * e.g. 8 499 xxx-xx-xx (to Moscow, fixed line) * e.g. 8 812 234-56-78 (to St. Petersburg, fixed line) * e.g. 8 985 xxx-xx-xx (to a mobile number issued by MTS in

Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...

)

International calls from Russia

Pre-Selected Operator: 8-tone-10 International number or + * e.g. 8-10 44 20 7946-0123 (to London/UK) or +44 20 7946-0123 * e.g. +7 727 xxx-xx-xx (to Almaty/Kazakhstan)

International calls to Russia

* +7 ABC xxx-xx-xx (where ABC is the area code)

Area codes

Geographic area codes

The dialing code range 4xx was introduced on 1 December 2005 to replace 0xx, in order to make it possible to adopt the

ITU The International Telecommunication Union (ITU)In the other common languages of the ITU: * * is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for many matters related to information and communication technologies. It was established ...

recommendation of 0 and 00 dialing prefixes for local and international dialing respectively. The old '095' dialing code, along with 19 other Russian area codes starting with '0', expired on 31 January 2006. On 7 May 2022, following the annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporozhye oblasts, the four oblasts were integrated into the Russian numbering plan.

Russian mobile phones, toll-free, and pay-line codes

Special numbers (emergencies)

In a press conference in December 2013 Minister of Emergency Situations, Vladimir Puchkov said that the unified system runs in a full pilot mode from 2014 and will fully enter to operational mode in 2016.

Codes assigned to Abkhazia

Telephone numbers in

Abkhazia Abkhazia, officially the Republic of Abkhazia, is a List of states with limited recognition, partially recognised state in the South Caucasus, on the eastern coast of the Black Sea, at the intersection of Eastern Europe and West Asia. It cover ...

use two area codes – 840 and 940 – in the Russian dialing plan. Until 1992, Abkhazia had a single telephone numbering system with Russia. In April 1996, the Ministry of Communications of the Russian Federation limited international telephone communications in Abkhazia, retaining only 16 outgoing and 24 incoming telephone channels of the 151 incoming and 182 outgoing channels that operated previously. On 15 February 1997, an agreement was signed between Russia and Georgia, which provided for a change in the communication scheme of Abkhazia with the outside world and switching channels to Georgia. The agreement met with resentment in Abkhazia, whose leadership accused Georgia and Russia of violating an earlier agreement that provided for the restoration of the communications that existed before 1992. On 28 September 2009, after Russia recognised Abkhazia's independence, Russia and Abkhazia signed a Memorandum of Cooperation through which Abkhazia was given a telephone code from numbering zone 7 and switched to the Russian numbering plan on 1 January 2010. Abkhazian numbers can be accessed from abroad through country code 7 assigned by the

. Until 2009, they could also be accessed via the Georgian country code ''+995''.

Codes assigned to South Ossetia

Telephone numbers in

South Ossetia South Ossetia, officially the Republic of South Ossetia or the State of Alania, is a landlocked country in the South Caucasus with International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, partial diplomatic recognition. It has an offici ...

use two area codes – 850 and 929 – in the Russia numbering plan zone.

References

{{Economy of Russia

Telecommunications in Russia

Telephone numbers A telephone number is the address of a telecommunication endpoint, such as a telephone, in a telephone network, such as the public switched telephone network (PSTN). A telephone number typically consists of a sequence of digits, but histori ...