''Tegenaria'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of fast-running
funnel weavers that occupy much of the
Northern Hemisphere
The Northern Hemisphere is the half of Earth that is north of the equator. For other planets in the Solar System, north is defined by humans as being in the same celestial sphere, celestial hemisphere relative to the invariable plane of the Solar ...
except for
Japan
Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...
and
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...
. It was first described by
Pierre André Latreille
Pierre André Latreille (; 29 November 1762 – 6 February 1833) was a French zoology, zoologist, specialising in arthropods. Having trained as a Roman Catholic priest before the French Revolution, Latreille was imprisoned, and only regained hi ...
in 1804,
though many of its species have been moved elsewhere. The majority of these were moved to ''
Eratigena
''Eratigena'' is a genus of spider in the family Agelenidae. Most of its species were moved from the genus ''Tegenaria'' in 2013, of which the genus name is an anagram. Two species that frequently build webs in and around human dwellings are now ...
'',
including the
giant house spider
The giant house spider has been treated as either one species, under the name ''Eratigena atrica'', or as three species, ''E. atrica'', '' E. duellica'' and '' E. saeva''. , the three species view was accepted by the World Spider Catalog. T ...
(''Eratigena atrica'') and the
hobo spider
The hobo spider (''Eratigena agrestis'', formerly ''Tegenaria agrestis'') is a member of the family of spiders known colloquially as funnel web spiders, but not to be confused with the Australian funnel-web spider. Individuals construct a funn ...
(''Eratigena agrestis'').
They can be difficult to identify because they resemble
wolf spiders
Wolf spiders are members of the family Lycosidae (), named for their robust and agile hunting skills and excellent eyesight. They live mostly in solitude, hunt alone, and usually do not spin webs. Some are opportunistic hunters, pouncing upon pre ...
and other funnel-web spiders in their area,
unless found in an area where they do not occur naturally.
They live on sheet webs, usually stretching across the corner between two walls. They have eight eyes in two straight or almost straight rows.
Size varies from one species to another, but the body length of adults can range from to , not including the legs.
The
cardinal spider is the largest funnel weaver, with females that can grow up to long.
Species
it contains 129 species:
*''
T. abchasica''
Charitonov, 1941 — Caucasus (Russia, Georgia)
*''
T. achaea''
Brignoli, 1977 — Greece, Turkey
*''
T. adomestica''
Guseinov, Marusik & Koponen, 2005 — Azerbaijan
*''
T. africana''
Lucas, 1846 — Algeria
*''
T. agnolettii''
Brignoli, 1978 — Turkey
*''
T. alamto''
Zamani, Marusik & Malek-Hosseini, 2018 — Iran
*''
T. angustipalpis''
Levy, 1996 — Greece, Israel
*''
T. anhela''
Brignoli, 1972 — Turkey
*''
T. annae''
Bolzern, Burckhardt & Hänggi, 2013 — Greece
*''
T. annulata''
Kulczyński, 1913 — Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia, Montenegro
*''
T. argaeica''
Nosek, 1905 — Bulgaria, Turkey
*''
T. ariadnae''
Brignoli, 1984 — Greece (Crete)
*''
T. armigera''
Simon, 1873 — France (Corsica), Italy (Sardinia)
*''
T. arsacia''
Zamani & Marusik, 2019 — Iran
*''
T. averni''
Brignoli, 1978 — Turkey
*''
T. bayeri''
Kratochvíl, 1934 — Bosnia-Hezcegovina, Serbia, Montenegro
*''
T. bayrami''
Kaya, Kunt, Marusik & Uğurtaş, 2010 — Turkey
*''
T. bosnica''
Kratochvíl & Miller, 1940 — Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro
*''
T. bozhkovi''
(Deltshev, 2008) — Bulgaria, Greece
*''
T. campestris''
(C. L. Koch, 1834) — Europe to Azerbaijan
*''
T. capolongoi''
Brignoli, 1977 — Italy
*''
T. carensis''
Barrientos, 1981 — Spain
*''
T. chebana''
Thorell, 1897 — Myanmar
*''
T. chiricahuae''
Roth, 1968 — USA
*''
T. chumachenkoi''
Kovblyuk & Ponomarev, 2008 — Russia (Europe, Caucasus), Georgia
*''
T. circeoensis''
Bolzern, Burckhardt & Hänggi, 2013 — Italy
*''
T. comnena''
Brignoli, 1978 — Turkey
*''
T. comstocki''
Gajbe, 2004 — India
*''
T. concolor''
Simon, 1873 — Syria
*''
T. cottarellii''
Brignoli, 1978 — Turkey
*''
T. croatica''
Bolzern, Burckhardt & Hänggi, 2013 — Croatia
*''
T. daiamsanesis''
Kim, 1998 — Korea
*''
T. dalmatica''
Kulczyński, 1906 — Mediterranean to Ukraine
*''
T. daylamanica''
Zamani & Marusik, 2019 — Iran
*''
T. decolorata''
Kratochvíl & Miller, 1940 — Croatia
*''
T. dentifera''
Kulczyński, 1908 — Cyprus
*''
T. domestica''
(Clerck, 1757) (
type species
In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ...
) — Europe to China, Japan. Introduced to Australia, New Zealand, the Americas
*''
T. eleonorae''
Brignoli, 1974 — Italy
*''
T. elysii''
Brignoli, 1978 — Turkey
*''
T. epacris''
Levy, 1996 — Israel
*''
T. eros''
Zamani & Marusik, 2019 — Iran
*''
T. euxinica''
Dimitrov, 2022 — Bulgaria, Turkey
*''
T. faniapollinis''
Brignoli, 1978 — Greece, Turkey
*''
T. femoralis''
Simon, 1873 — France, Italy
*''
T. ferruginea''
(Panzer, 1804) — Europe, Azores. Introduced to Venezuela
*''
T. forestieroi''
Brignoli, 1978 — Turkey
*''
T. frumkini''
Aharon & Gavish-Regev, 2023 — Israel
*''
T. gainesteros''
Aharon & Gavish-Regev, 2023 — Israel
*''
T. gordani''
Komnenov, 2020 — Montenegro
*''
T. guseinovi''
Zamani & Marusik, 2019 — Iran
*''
T. halidi''
Guseinov, Marusik & Koponen, 2005 — Azerbaijan
*''
T. hamid''
Brignoli, 1978 — Turkey
*''
T. hasperi''
Chyzer, 1897 — France to Turkey, Russia (Europe)
*''
T. hauseri''
Brignoli, 1979 — Greece
*''
T. hemanginiae''
Reddy & Patel, 1992 — India
*''
T. henroti''
Dresco, 1956 — Sardinia
*''
T. ismaillensis''
Guseinov, Marusik & Koponen, 2005 — Azerbaijan
*''
T. karaman''
Brignoli, 1978 — Turkey
*''
T. komarovi''
Ponomarev, 2022 — Russia (Caucasus)
*''
T. lapicidinarum''
Spassky, 1934 — Ukraine, Russia (Europe)
*''
T. latens''
Ponomarev, 2022 — Russia (Caucasus)
*''
T. lazarovi''
Dimitrov, 2020 — Turkey
*''
T. lehtineni''
(Guseinov, Marusik & Koponen, 2005) — Azerbaijan
*''
T. lenkoranica''
(Guseinov, Marusik & Koponen, 2005) — Azerbaijan, Iran
*''
T. lepida''
Ponomarev, 2022 — Russia (Caucasus)
*''
T. levantina''
Barrientos, 1981 — Spain
*''
T. longimana''
Simon, 1898 — Turkey, Caucasus (Russia, Georgia)
*''
T. lunakensis''
Tikader, 1964 — Nepal
*''
T. lyncea''
Brignoli, 1978 — Turkey, Azerbaijan
*''
T. maelfaiti''
Bosmans, 2011 — Greece
*''
T. mamikonian''
Brignoli, 1978 — Turkey
*''
T. maroccana''
Denis, 1956 — Morocco
*''
T. maronita''
Simon, 1873 — Syria, Lebanon, Israel
*''
T. mediterranea''
Levy, 1996 — Israel
*''
T. melbae''
Brignoli, 1972 — Turkey
*''
T. mercanturensis''
Bolzern & Hervé, 2010 — France
*''
T. michae''
Brignoli, 1978 — Lebanon
*''
T. mirifica''
Thaler, 1987 — Switzerland, Austria. Italy
*''
T. montana''
Deltshev, 1993 — Bulgaria
*''
T. montiszasensis''
Bolzern, Burckhardt & Hänggi, 2013 — Greece
*''
T. naasane''
(Aharon & Gavish-Regev, 2023) — Israel
*''
T. nakhchivanica''
(Guseinov, Marusik & Koponen, 2005) — Azerbaijan
*''
T. occulta''
Ponomarev, 2022 — Russia (Caucasus)
*''
T. oribata''
Simon, 1916 — France
*''
T. ornit''
Aharon & Gavish-Regev, 2023 — Israel
*''
T. osetica''
Ponomarev, 2022 — Russia (Caucasus)
*''
T. pagana''
C. L. Koch, 1840 — Europe to Central Asia. Introduced to USA, Mexico, Brazil, Chile
*''
T. pallens''
Zamani & Marusik, 2023 — Iran
*''
T. parietina''
(Fourcroy, 1785) — Europe, North Africa to Israel and Central Asia. Introduced to Jamaica, Paraguay, South Africa, Sri Lanka
*''
T. parmenidis''
Brignoli, 1971 — Italy
*''
T. parvula''
Thorell, 1875 — Italy, Romania
*''
T. pasquinii''
Brignoli, 1978 — Turkey
*''
T. percuriosa''
Brignoli, 1972 — Bulgaria, Turkey
*''
T. pieperi''
Brignoli, 1979 — Greece (Crete)
*''
T. pindosiensis''
Bolzern, Burckhardt & Hänggi, 2013 — Greece
*''
T. podoprygorai''
(Kovblyuk, 2006) — Ukraine
*''
T. pontica''
Charitonov, 1947 — Georgia
*''
T. prisnyi''
Ponomarev, 2021 — Russia (Caucasus)
*''
T. pseudolyncea''
(Guseinov, Marusik & Koponen, 2005) — Azerbaijan
*''
T. racovitzai''
Simon, 1907 — Spain, France
*''
T. rahnamayi''
Zamani & Marusik, 2019 — Iran
*''
T. ramblae''
Barrientos, 1978 — Portugal, Spain
*''
T. regispyrrhi''
Brignoli, 1976 — Bulgaria, Greece, Balkans
*''
T. rhodiensis''
Caporiacco, 1948 — Greece (Rhodes), Turkey
*''
T. rilaensis''
Deltshev, 1993 — Macedonia, Bulgaria
*''
T. sbordonii''
Brignoli, 1971 — Italy
*''
T. schmalfussi''
Brignoli, 1976 — Greece (Crete)
*''
T. schoenhoferi''
Bolzern, Burckhardt & Hänggi, 2013 — Greece
*''
T. scopifera''
Barrientos, Ribera & Pons, 2002 — Spain (Balearic Is.)
*''
T. shillongensis''
Barman, 1979 — India
*''
T. shirin''
Zamani & Marusik, 2019 — Iran
*''
T. silvestris''
L. Koch, 1872 — Europe
*''
T. talyshica''
Guseinov, Marusik & Koponen, 2005 — Azerbaijan
*''
T. taurica''
Charitonov, 1947 — Ukraine, Georgia
*''
T. tekke''
Brignoli, 1978 — Turkey
*''
T. terskovi''
Ponomarev, 2023 — Russia (Caucasus)
*''
T. tridentina''
L. Koch, 1872 — Europe
*''
T. trogalil''
Aharon & Gavish-Regev, 2023 — Israel
*''
T. tyrrhenica''
Dalmas, 1922 — France, Italy
*''
T. vallei''
Brignoli, 1972 — Libya
*''
T. vanensis''
Danişman & Karanfil, 2015 — Turkey
*''
T. vankeerorum''
Bolzern, Burckhardt & Hänggi, 2013 — Greece (Rhodes), Turkey
*''
T. vignai''
Brignoli, 1978 — Turkey
*''
T. wittmeri''
Brignoli, 1978 — Bhutan
*''
T. yaaranford''
Aharon & Gavish-Regev, 2023 — Israel
*''
T. yotami''
Aharon & Gavish-Regev, 2023 — Israel
*''
T. zagatalensis''
Guseinov, Marusik & Koponen, 2005 — Azerbaijan
*''
T. zamanii''
Marusik & Omelko, 2014 — Iran
References
External links
*
{{Authority control
Araneomorphae genera
Cosmopolitan spiders