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Tattaguine (or Tataguine) is a town in the west of
Senegal Senegal, officially the Republic of Senegal, is the westernmost country in West Africa, situated on the Atlantic Ocean coastline. It borders Mauritania to Mauritania–Senegal border, the north, Mali to Mali–Senegal border, the east, Guinea t ...
. It is also the name of the
rural community Rural Sociologists have identified a number of different types of rural communities, which have arisen as a result of changing economic trends within rural regions of industrial nations. The basic trend seems to be one in which communities a ...
. République du Sénégal, Région de Fatick, Département de Fatick, Arrondissement de Tattaguine, Communauté Rurale de Diouroup, « ''Comvention locale de la gestion des ressources naturelles du terror communataire de Diouroup'' », (Elaborée avec l’appui de la composante AG/GRN GTZ-Programme Bassin Arachidier), October 2005 (Retrieved : 13 July 2012


Religion and toponymy

Tattaguine Toponymy, derives its name from a
bird Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class (biology), class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the Oviparity, laying of Eggshell, hard-shelled eggs, a high Metabolism, metabolic rate, a fou ...
called ''Tatta'' or ''Tat'' in the
Serer language Serer, often broken into differing regional dialects such as Serer-Sine and Serer-Saloum, is a language of the Senegambian branch of the Niger–Congo family spoken by 1.2 million people in Senegal and 30,000 in the Gambia as of 2009. It is the ...
. According to Serer mythology, prior to human habitation of this locality, it was these birds that lived there. The word ''Guine'' is the name of the bird's egg, i.e. the nesting of these birds. Several Serer religious festivals and
customs Customs is an authority or Government agency, agency in a country responsible for collecting tariffs and for controlling International trade, the flow of goods, including animals, transports, personal effects, and hazardous items, into and out ...
are observed in Tattaguine. The Ndut rite of passage (the
circumcision Circumcision is a procedure that removes the foreskin from the human penis. In the most common form of the operation, the foreskin is extended with forceps, then a circumcision device may be placed, after which the foreskin is excised. T ...
rite for boys) is just one of many rituals that are observed. It is in this rite that they receive their education about the cosmos and the paranormal world. The classical Ndut teachings prepare boys to be brave and honourable men. The ''Ndut'' (nest) is the hut where they receive their education. It is also the place they develop their artistic skills : singing, dancing and composing songs which are religious in nature (see Njuup). The initiation usually takes place at night around a camp fire, where they are taught about the mysteries of the
Universe The universe is all of space and time and their contents. It comprises all of existence, any fundamental interaction, physical process and physical constant, and therefore all forms of matter and energy, and the structures they form, from s ...
, Serer medicine, etc. Serer religion and culture forbids the circumcision of girls ( FGM). Serer girls receive their initiation by tattooing of the gum. There is also the ''Bok'' ceremony for young married women. This is a fertility rite. The ''Misse'' is a religious dance. It takes place once year in April which coincides with the Raan festival. It is a dance that implores the Serer deities for rain in order to have good harvest. It is sometimes referred to as the rain dance by some scholars. Somewhat similar to Misse is the '' Xooy'' or ''Khoy'' ceremony. The Xooy is not a dance but a religious ceremony where the Serer priestly class (the Saltigues) gather once a year to
divine Divinity (from Latin ) refers to the quality, presence, or nature of that which is divine—a term that, before the rise of monotheism, evoked a broad and dynamic field of sacred power. In the ancient world, divinity was not limited to a singl ...
the future and the rainy season.


History

Tattaguine is one of the old Serer countries though much younger than the historic and spiritual village of Yaboyabo. In Serer medieval and dynastic history, Tattaguine, which was in the pre-colonial Serer Kingdom of Sine was partnered with Ngouye because of their geographical affinity hence Ngouye-Tattaguine. Ngouye-Tattaguine gained particular prominence in the latter part of the 14th century, during the reigne of Maad a Sinig Diessanou Faye (king of Sine). It was one of the royal villages at that time. Diessanou Faye was the cousin and brother in law of Jaraff Boureh Gnilane Joof founder of the Royal House of Boureh Gnilane Joof, the first royal house founded by the Joof family. During France's colonization of Senegal, old Tattaguine was divided due to population growth. This demarcation led to the creation of new localities : i.e. Tattaguine-Sérère (or ''Tattaguine-Serer'') and Tattaguine-Mbabara (Tattaguine-Bambara). The division of the old Tattaguine created Tattaguine-Sérère founded in 1901. Its first chief as of 1901 was Ngor Tine. The first chief of Tattaguine-Mbabara was Thierkoro Diakhate (also the same year). Since the division, position for the chief has become hereditary.


Administration

Tattaguine is the chief town of the Tattaguine Arrondissement in the Fatick Department, which lies within the Fatick Region of Senegal.


Geography

The closest localities are Yaboyabo (a holy place), Mbefel, Gaskor, Mboudaye Sek, Ndiefer and Gaolamboura Diarab.Fallingrain


Population

Tattaguine's population consists mostly of the
Serer people The Serer people (''Serer language, Serer proper'': Seereer or Sereer) are a West African ethnoreligious groupGastellu, Jean-Marc, ''Petit traité de matrilinarité. L'accumulation dans deux sociétés rurales d'Afrique de l'Ouest'', Cahiers ORST ...
, the original inhabitants of this area. They make up 99% of the total population. Other groups include the Bambara people. According to the site of PEPAM (Programme d'eau potable et d'assainissement du Millénaire ( 2012), the rural community of Tattaguine consists of 22,561 people and 2,552 houses. That is equivalent to 2423 people for 274 homes."Localité de Tattaguine Serere" nPEPAM As of May 2003, the estimated population was 20394.


Economic activities

This Serer country used to be green and fertile, however, the peanut-
monoculture In agriculture, monoculture is the practice of growing one crop species in a field at a time. Monocultures increase ease and efficiency in planting, managing, and harvesting crops short-term, often with the help of machinery. However, monocultur ...
has led to a decline in
agricultural Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created f ...
production and income. The main activity is seasonal subsistence farming. Crops grown include:
millet Millets () are a highly varied group of small-seeded grasses, widely grown around the world as cereal crops or grains for fodder and human food. Most millets belong to the tribe Paniceae. Millets are important crops in the Semi-arid climate, ...
, groundnut,
cowpea The cowpea (''Vigna unguiculata'') is an annual herbaceous legume from the genus '' Vigna''. Its tolerance for sandy soil and low rainfall have made it an important crop in the semiarid regions across Africa and Asia. It requires very few inpu ...
(beans),
watermelon The watermelon (''Citrullus lanatus'') is a species of flowering plant in the family Cucurbitaceae, that has a large, edible fruit. It is a Glossary of botanical terms#scandent, scrambling and trailing vine-like plant, and is plant breeding ...
, peppers,
sorrel Sorrel (''Rumex acetosa''), also called common sorrel or garden sorrel, is a perennial herbaceous plant in the family Polygonaceae. Other names for sorrel include spinach dock and narrow-leaved dock ("dock" being a common name for the genus ''Ru ...
, bissap and
tomato The tomato (, ), ''Solanum lycopersicum'', is a plant whose fruit is an edible Berry (botany), berry that is eaten as a vegetable. The tomato is a member of the nightshade family that includes tobacco, potato, and chili peppers. It originate ...
. Electriciens sans frontieres Ile de France Comite Paris. « De l’énergie pour les cases de santé du département de M’Bour Sénégal » Mission identification conception n°2007050 (2007), pp 5-7


Personalities

*Philippe seck NGOM of Ngohé Ndoffongor is the current president of the
rural community Rural Sociologists have identified a number of different types of rural communities, which have arisen as a result of changing economic trends within rural regions of industrial nations. The basic trend seems to be one in which communities a ...
*Doudou Diop, the former director of Ngohé Secco Primary School (French: ''l'école primaire de Ngohé Secco'') *Babacar Ndiaye, the former director of El Hadji Moustapha Sarr Primary School of Tattaguine (Fr. l'école primaire El Hadji Moustapha Sarr de Tattaguine'')


References


External links

* Communaute Rurale de Tattaguin
"Données sociodémographiques"
(Retrieved : 13 July 2012) * Fallingrain

(Retrieved : 13 July 2012) * PEPAM
La communauté rurale de Tattaguine sur le site du PEPAM
(Retrieved : 13 July 2012) * PEPA
"Localité de Tattaguine Serere" [in] PEPAM
(Retrieved : 13 July 2012) * Project of « Terre des Hommes Association �
''Développement rural intégré. Tattaguine, Sénégal''
(Retrieved : 13 July 2012) {{Serer topics, state=collapsed Serer holy places Villages in Senegal Rural communities of Senegal Arrondissements of Senegal Populated places in Fatick region