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Task Analysis, Environment Modeling, and Simulation (TAEMS or TÆMS) is a problem domain independent
modeling language A modeling language is any artificial language that can be used to express information or knowledge or systems in a structure that is defined by a consistent set of rules. The rules are used for interpretation of the meaning of components in the ...
used to describe the task structures and the
problem-solving Problem solving is the process of achieving a goal by overcoming obstacles, a frequent part of most activities. Problems in need of solutions range from simple personal tasks (e.g. how to turn on an appliance) to complex issues in business an ...
activities of intelligent agents in a multi-agent environment.{{cite web , author=Bryan Horling , author2=Victor Lesser , author3=Regis Vincent , author4=Tom Wagner , author5=Anita Raja , author6=Shelley Zhang , author7=Keith Decker , author8=Alan Garvey , title=The Taems White Paper , year=1999 , url=https://mas.cs.umass.edu/research_old/taems/white/taemswhite.pdf , location=Multi-Agent Systems Lab , publisher=University of Massachusetts The intelligent agent operates in environments where: * responses by specific deadlines may be required * the information required for the optimal performance of a computational task may not be available * the results of the computations of multiple agents to interdependent subproblems may need to be aggregated together in order to solve a high-level goal * an agent may be contributing concurrently to the solution of multiple goals


Tasks

The modeling language represents a task structure so that an intelligent agent can reason about its potential actions in the context of its working environment. The intelligent agent needs to determine what goals can and should be achieved, and what actions are needed to achieve those goals. This includes determining the implications of those actions, and of actions performed by other agents in the environment. The modeling language represents a task structure including the quantitative representation of complex task interrelationships, with the task structure model divided into generative, objective, and subjective viewpoints. The generative viewpoint describes the statistical characteristics required to generate the objective and subjective episodes in an environment; it is a workload generator. The objective viewpoint is the actual, real, instantiated task structures that are present in an episode. The subjective viewpoint is the view that the agents have of objective reality.


Coordination

Coordination of agents is accomplished by the Generalized Partial Global Planning (GPGP) family of algorithms that are used to respond to particular features of the task structure. GPGP is a cooperative (team-oriented) coordination component that is built of modular mechanisms that work in conjunction with, but do not replace, a fully functional agent with a local scheduler. GPGP can be adapted to different problem domains, it allows agent heterogeneity, it exchanges global information, it communicates at multiple levels of abstraction, and it allows the use of a separate local scheduling component.


See also

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Automated planning and scheduling Automation describes a wide range of technologies that reduce human intervention in processes, namely by predetermining decision criteria, subprocess relationships, and related actions, as well as embodying those predeterminations in machines ...
* Multi-agent planning *
Multi-agent systems A multi-agent system (MAS or "self-organized system") is a computerized system composed of multiple interacting intelligent agents.Hu, J.; Bhowmick, P.; Jang, I.; Arvin, F.; Lanzon, A.,A Decentralized Cluster Formation Containment Framework fo ...
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Software agent In computer science, a software agent or software AI is a computer program that acts for a user or other program in a relationship of agency, which derives from the Latin ''agere'' (to do): an agreement to act on one's behalf. Such "action on behal ...
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Distributed artificial intelligence Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI) also called Decentralized Artificial Intelligence is a subfield of artificial intelligence research dedicated to the development of distributed solutions for problems. DAI is closely related to and a pred ...
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Cooperative distributed problem solving In computing cooperative distributed problem solving is a network of semi-autonomous processing nodes working together to solve a problem, typically in a multi-agent system. That is concerned with the investigation of problem subdivision, sub-pro ...
* STRIPS *
Hierarchical task network In artificial intelligence, hierarchical task network (HTN) planning is an approach to automated planning in which the dependency among actions can be given in the form of hierarchically structured networks. Planning problems are specified in th ...


References

Multi-agent systems Automated planning and scheduling