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Tao-Rusyr Caldera () is a 
Остров Онекотан. Курильские острова (52720668664).jpg, Oblique aerial photo
Iss069e071110 lrg Krenitsyna Volcano.jpg, Astronaut photograph from International Space Station
Onekotan, an uninhabited volcanic island (iss071e046421).jpg, Photo from ISS in late April, with Kol'tsevoe Lake partially frozen
Onekotan-Kurile-Islands.jpg, View of Krenitsyn Peak from the rim of Tao-Rusyr Caldera
Volcanic Activity and Recent Tephras in the Kuril Islands: Field Result during the International Kuril Island Project (IKIP) 2000
* Onekotan Calderas of Russia Volcanic crater lakes Stratovolcanoes of Russia Active volcanoes VEI-6 volcanoes Volcanoes of the Kuril Islands Mountains of the Kuril Islands Holocene calderas {{SakhalinOblast-geo-stub
stratovolcano
A stratovolcano, also known as a composite volcano, is a typically conical volcano built up by many alternating layers (strata) of hardened lava and tephra. Unlike shield volcanoes, stratovolcanoes are characterized by a steep profile with ...
located at the southern end of Onekotan Island, Kuril Islands, Russia
Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...
. It has 7.5 km wide caldera
A caldera ( ) is a large cauldron-like hollow that forms shortly after the emptying of a magma chamber in a volcanic eruption. An eruption that ejects large volumes of magma over a short period of time can cause significant detriment to the str ...
formed during a catastrophic eruption less than 10,000 years ago (reported ages range from 5,550 to 9,400 Before Present
Before Present (BP) or "years before present (YBP)" is a time scale used mainly in archaeology, geology, and other scientific disciplines to specify when events occurred relative to the origin of practical radiocarbon dating in the 1950s. Because ...
). The waters of Kol'tsevoe Lake (, Ring Lake) fill the caldera
A caldera ( ) is a large cauldron-like hollow that forms shortly after the emptying of a magma chamber in a volcanic eruption. An eruption that ejects large volumes of magma over a short period of time can cause significant detriment to the str ...
, along with a large symmetrical andesitic cone, Krenitsyn Peak (; Japanese 黒石山; ''Kuroishiyama''), that rises as an island within the lake. This volcano was named after Captain Pyotr Krenitsyn of the Imperial Russian Navy.
Eruptive history
The most recent eruption, in 1952, formed a small lava dome on the island's coast. Krenitsyn Peak has a summit crater 350 m wide and is the highest point of the volcano and on the entire Onekotan Island. Another caldera, Nemo Peak, lies at the northern end of the island, and it also contains a central cone and crater lake. The caldera forming eruption yielded about of material and destroyed the upper parts of the pre-existing volcano. The event has been potentially identified in the GISP2 ice core. The caldera forming eruption wiped out vegetation on southern Onekotan, and it took a long time for it to recover. Only one historical eruption occurred at Tao-Rusyr, just after the 1952 Severo-Kurilsk earthquake.See also
*List of volcanoes in Russia
This is a list of active and extinct volcanoes in Russia.
European Russia
Kamchatka
Volcanoes of the Kamchatka Peninsula of the northwestern Pacific Ocean and the Russian Far East.
Kuril Islands
Volcanoes of the Kuril Islands, in the ...
References
External links
*Volcanic Activity and Recent Tephras in the Kuril Islands: Field Result during the International Kuril Island Project (IKIP) 2000
* Onekotan Calderas of Russia Volcanic crater lakes Stratovolcanoes of Russia Active volcanoes VEI-6 volcanoes Volcanoes of the Kuril Islands Mountains of the Kuril Islands Holocene calderas {{SakhalinOblast-geo-stub