Ṭālib ibn Abī Ṭālib () was a first cousin of the Islamic prophet

Muhammad Muhammad (8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious and political leader and the founder of Islam. Muhammad in Islam, According to Islam, he was a prophet who was divinely inspired to preach and confirm the tawhid, monotheistic teachings of A ...

and a brother of Ali.

Family

He was born in

Mecca Mecca, officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia; it is the Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow valley above ...

, the eldest son of

Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib (; ) was the leader of Banu Hashim, a clan of the Qurayshi tribe of Mecca in the Hejazi region of the Arabian Peninsula. As he was the brother of Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib, Abdullah, the father of the Islamic Proph ...

and of

Fatimah bint Asad Fatima bint Asad ( ' 555–626 CE) was the wife of Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib, Abu Talib and the mother of their son Ali, Ali ibn Abi Talib. Fatima bint Asad and her husband, Abu Talib, acted as the Prophet's adopted parents for fifteen ...

.Muhammad ibn Saad. ''Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir''. Translated by Haq, S. M. (1967). ''Ibn Sa'd's Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir, Volume I Parts I & II'', 135. Delhi: Kitab Bhavan. The young Muhammad lived in their house from the time he and Talib were both eight years old.Muhammad ibn Ishaq. ''Sirat Rasul Allah''. Translated by Guillaume, A. (1955). ''The Life of Muhammad''. Oxford: Oxford University Press. He had no offspring.

Inheritance Law

When his father Abu Talib died in 620, his inheritance was divided between Talib and his brother Aqil. Their two younger brothers, Ja'far and Ali, did not inherit anything. This established the Islamic legal principle: "No believer will inherit an infidel's property, and no infidel will inherit the property of a believer."Muslim 7:3132. However, there was a disagreement among the

Sahaba The Companions of the Prophet () were the Muslim disciples and followers of the Islamic prophet Muhammad who saw or met him during his lifetime. The companions played a major role in Muslim battles, society, hadith narration, and governance ...

regarding this.

Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan Mu'awiya I (–April 680) was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling from 661 until his death. He became caliph less than thirty years after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and immediately after the four Rashid ...

and

Muadh ibn Jabal Muʿādh ibn Jabal (; 603 – 639) was a (companion) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Muadh was an of the Banu Khazraj tribe and compiled the Quran with five companions while Muhammad was still alive. He acquired a reputation for knowledge. Mu ...

are said to have disagreed with this princple, saying as Muslims can marry infidel women, so can they inherit infidel inheritance. But Ali, Abdullah ibn Umar and other companions followed the princple.

Battle of Badr

In 624 Talib set out with the Meccan army to rescue the merchant-caravan that was threatened with a Muslim attack. When word came from

Abu Sufyan Sakhr ibn Harb ibn Umayya (; ), commonly known by his ' Abu Sufiyan (), was a prominent opponent-turned companion and father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was the father of the first Umayyad caliph Mu'awiya I () and namesake of the S ...

that the caravan had arrived safely home so there was no need to continue the march, some of the

Quraysh The Quraysh () are an Tribes of Arabia, Arab tribe who controlled Mecca before the rise of Islam. Their members were divided into ten main clans, most notably including the Banu Hashim, into which Islam's founding prophet Muhammad was born. By ...

nevertheless wanted to continue as far as Badr. They said to Talib: "We know, O Son of Hashim, that if you have come out with us, your heart is with Muhammad." A poem about his decision to return to Mecca is attributed to him. ''O God, if Talib goes forth to war unwillingly with one of these squadrons,'' ''Let him be the plundered not the plunderer, the vanquished not the victor.''

References

{{reflist Family of Muhammad Shia Islam 595 births 661 deaths 6th-century Arab people 7th-century Arab people